Cadmium (Cd)

Cadmium is the 48th element in the periodic table and has a symbol of Cd and atomic number of 48. It has an atomic weight of 112.414 and a mass number of 114. Cadmium has forty-eight protons and sixty-six neutrons in its nucleus, and forty-eight electrons in five shells. It is located in group twelve, period five and block d of the periodic table. Soft bluish metal belonging to group 12 of the periodic table. Extremely toxic even in low concentrations. Chemically similar to zinc, but lends itself to more complex compounds. Discovered in 1817 by F. Stromeyer.

Atomic Number	48
Atomic Weight	112.414
Mass Number	114

Group	12
Period	5
Block	d

Protons	48 p⁺
Neutrons	66 n⁰
Electrons	48 e^-

Properties

Physical Properties
Atomic Radius	155 pm 238 pm
Molar Volume	13.1 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	136 pm 144 pm 160 pm 144 pm
Metallic Radius	138 pm 151 pm
Ionic Radius	78 pm 87 pm 95 pm 103 pm 110 pm 131 pm
Crystal Radius	92 pm 101 pm 109 pm 117 pm 124 pm 145 pm
Van der Waals Radius	220 pm 218 pm 250 pm 284.8 pm
Density	8.69 g/cm³ 7,996 kg/m³
Energy
Proton Affinity
Electron Affinity
Ionization Energy	8.993822 eV/particle 16.908312 eV/particle 37.47 eV/particle 51 eV/particle 67.9 eV/particle 87 eV/particle 105 eV/particle 130.1 eV/particle 150 eV/particle 173 eV/particle 195 eV/particle 218 eV/particle 305 eV/particle 329 eV/particle 358 eV/particle 385 eV/particle 421 eV/particle 452.55 eV/particle 513 eV/particle 546.19 eV/particle 963 eV/particle 1,026 eV/particle 1,095 eV/particle 1,167 eV/particle 1,237 eV/particle 1,320 eV/particle 1,400 eV/particle 1,477 eV/particle 1,558 eV/particle 1,635 eV/particle 1,852 eV/particle 1,917.9 eV/particle 1,997.9 eV/particle 2,091 eV/particle 2,195 eV/particle 2,250 eV/particle 2,427 eV/particle 2,498.615 eV/particle 5,839 eV/particle 6,039 eV/particle 6,257 eV/particle 6,460 eV/particle 6,870 eV/particle 7,109 eV/particle 7,414 eV/particle 7,607.945 eV/particle 31,451.06 eV/particle 32,341.49 eV/particle

Heat of Vaporization	59.1 kJ/mol
Heat of Fusion	6.11 kJ/mol
Heat of Formation	111.8 kJ/mol
Electrons
Electron Shells	2, 8, 18, 18, 2

Valence Electrons	2
Electron Configuration	[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s²

Oxidation States	-2, 1, 2
Electronegativity	8.995 eV/particle 0.1504066 1.69
Electrophilicity
Phases
Phase	Solid
Gas Phase
Boiling Point	1,040.15 K
Melting Point	594.219 K
Critical Pressure
Critical Temperature
Triple Point
Visual
Cadmium is a Silver. Cd has a CPK of #ff1493, Jmol of #ffd98f, and MOLCAS GV of #ffd98f. The Appearance of Element 48 is silvery bluish-gray metallic.
Color	Silver #ff1493 #ffd98f #ffd98f
Appearance	silvery bluish-gray metallic
Refractive Index
Thermodynamic Properties
Thermal Conductivity	96.9 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	0.0000308 1/K
Molar Heat Capacity	26.02 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.232 J/(g⋅K)
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index)
Electrical Properties
Type	Conductor
Electrical Conductivity	14 MS/m
Electrical Resistivity	0.00000007000000000002 m Ω
Superconducting Point	0.517 K
Magnetism
Type	diamagnetic
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000023 m³/Kg
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar)	-0.000000000259 m³/mol
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000199
Magnetic Ordering
Curie Point
Neel Point
Structure
The Crystal Structure of Cadmium is HEX. The lattice constant of Cd is 2.98 Å. The lattice angles of Element 48 are π/2, π/2, 2 π/3.
Crystal Structure	Simple Hexagonal (HEX)
Lattice Constant	2.98 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Mechanical Properties
Cadmium has a Brinell of 203 MPa, and Mohs hardness of 2 MPa. The Bulk Modulus of Cd is 42 GPa. The Shear Modulus of Element 48 is 19 GPa. The Young Modulus of Cadmium (Cd) is 50 GPa. The Poisson Ratio of Cadmium is 0.3. The Speed of Sound of Cd is 2310 m/s.
Hardness	203 MPa 2 MPa
Bulk Modulus	42 GPa
Shear Modulus	19 GPa
Young Modulus	50 GPa
Poisson Ratio	0.3
Speed of Sound	2,310 m/s
Classification
The CAS Group of Cadmium is IIB. The IUPAC Group of Cd is IIB. The Glawe Number of Element 48 is 75. The Mendeleev Number of Cadmium (Cd) is 78. The Pettifor Number of Cadmium is 75. The Goldschmidt Class of Cd is chalcophile.
Category	Transition metals, Transition metals
CAS Group	IIB
IUPAC Group	IIB
Glawe Number	75
Mendeleev Number	78
Pettifor Number	75
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt Class	chalcophile
Other
The Dipole Polarizability of Cadmium is 46 plus or minus 2 a₀. Cd has a C6 Dispersion Coefficient (GB) of 405 a₀. The Allotropes of Element 48 is . The Neutron Cross Section of Cadmium (Cd) is 2450. The Neutron Mass Absorption of Cadmium is 1.4. The Quantum Numbers of Cd is 1S0. The Space Group of Element 48 is 194 (P63/mmc).
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability	46 ± 2 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	405 a₀
Allotropes
Neutron Cross Section	2,450
Neutron Mass Absorption	1.4
Quantum Numbers	1S0
Space Group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Cadmium

Stable Isotopes	8
Unstable Isotopes	34
Radioactive Isotopes	35

⁹⁴Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	93.956586 ± 0.000537 Da
Mass Number	94
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2016
Parity	+

⁹⁴Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	%

⁹⁵Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	94.949483 ± 0.000607 Da
Mass Number	95
G-Factor
Half Life	32 ± 3 ms
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2011
Parity	+

⁹⁵Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	4.6%

⁹⁶Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	95.940341 ± 0.00044 Da
Mass Number	96
G-Factor	0
Half Life	1,003 ± 47 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2008
Parity	+

⁹⁶Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	1.6%

⁹⁷Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	96.934799343 ± 0.000451073 Da
Mass Number	97
G-Factor
Half Life	1.16 ± 0.05 s
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1978
Parity	+

⁹⁷Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	7.4%

⁹⁸Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	97.927389315 ± 0.000055605 Da
Mass Number	98
G-Factor	0
Half Life	9.29 ± 0.1 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1978
Parity	+

⁹⁸Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.029%

⁹⁹Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	98.924925845 ± 0.0000017 Da
Mass Number	99
G-Factor
Half Life	17 ± 1 s
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1978
Parity	+

⁹⁹Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.21%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	1%

¹⁰⁰Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	99.920348829 ± 0.0000018 Da
Mass Number	100
G-Factor	0
Half Life	49.1 ± 0.5 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1970
Parity	+

¹⁰⁰Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁰¹Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	100.918586209 ± 0.0000016 Da
Mass Number	101
G-Factor	-0.3588 ± 0.00016
Half Life	1.36 ± 0.05 m
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	-0.177 ± 0.007
Discovery Year	1969
Parity	+

¹⁰¹Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁰²Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	101.914481797 ± 0.000001784 Da
Mass Number	102
G-Factor	0
Half Life	5.5 ± 0.5 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1969
Parity	+

¹⁰²Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁰³Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	102.913416922 ± 0.000001943 Da
Mass Number	103
G-Factor	-0.33944 ± 0.00016
Half Life	7.3 ± 0.1 m
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	-0.007 ± 0.003
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	+

¹⁰³Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁰⁴Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	103.909856228 ± 0.000001795 Da
Mass Number	104
G-Factor	0
Half Life	57.7 ± 1 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1955
Parity	+

¹⁰⁴Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁰⁵Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	104.909463893 ± 0.000001494 Da
Mass Number	105
G-Factor	-0.29528 ± 0.00016
Half Life	55.5 ± 0.4 m
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	0.377 ± 0.015
Discovery Year	1950
Parity	+

¹⁰⁵Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁰⁶Cd

Abundance	1.245 ± 0.022
Relative Atomic Mass	105.906459791 ± 0.000001184 Da
Mass Number	106
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1935
Parity	+

¹⁰⁶Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)	%

¹⁰⁷Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	106.906612049 ± 0.000001782 Da
Mass Number	107
G-Factor	-0.24564 ± 0.00012
Half Life	6.5 ± 0.02 h
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	0.6 ± 0.02
Discovery Year	1946
Parity	+

¹⁰⁷Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁰⁸Cd

Abundance	0.888 ± 0.011
Relative Atomic Mass	107.904183588 ± 0.000001205 Da
Mass Number	108
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1935
Parity	+

¹⁰⁸Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)	%

¹⁰⁹Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	108.904986697 ± 0.000001649 Da
Mass Number	109
G-Factor	-0.33064 ± 0.00016
Half Life	461.3 ± 0.5 d
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	0.6 ± 0.03
Discovery Year	1950
Parity	+

¹⁰⁹Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹¹⁰Cd

Abundance	12.47 ± 0.061
Relative Atomic Mass	109.90300747 ± 0.000000407 Da
Mass Number	110
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

¹¹¹Cd

Abundance	12.795 ± 0.012
Relative Atomic Mass	110.904183776 ± 0.000000383 Da
Mass Number	111
G-Factor	-1.188 ± 0.0006
Half Life
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

¹¹²Cd

Abundance	24.109 ± 0.007
Relative Atomic Mass	111.902763896 ± 0.000000268 Da
Mass Number	112
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

¹¹³Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️ 12.227 ± 0.007
Relative Atomic Mass	112.904408105 ± 0.000000262 Da
Mass Number	113
G-Factor	-1.2426 ± 0.0006
Half Life	8.04 ± 0.05 Py
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

¹¹³Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁴Cd

Abundance	28.754 ± 0.081
Relative Atomic Mass	113.903364998 ± 0.000000296 Da
Mass Number	114
G-Factor	0
Half Life
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

¹¹⁴Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	%

¹¹⁵Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	114.905437426 ± 0.000000699 Da
Mass Number	115
G-Factor	-1.2966 ± 0.0004
Half Life	53.46 ± 0.05 h
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1939
Parity	+

¹¹⁵Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁶Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️ 7.512 ± 0.054
Relative Atomic Mass	115.90476323 ± 0.000000172 Da
Mass Number	116
G-Factor	0
Half Life	26.9 ± 0.9 Ey
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1925
Parity	+

¹¹⁶Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁷Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	116.907226039 ± 0.000001087 Da
Mass Number	117
G-Factor	-1.485 ± 0.0008
Half Life	2.503 ± 0.005 h
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1939
Parity	+

¹¹⁷Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁸Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	117.906921956 ± 0.000021471 Da
Mass Number	118
G-Factor	0
Half Life	50.3 ± 0.2 m
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1961
Parity	+

¹¹⁸Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹⁹Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	118.909847052 ± 0.000040467 Da
Mass Number	119
G-Factor	-1.8376 ± 0.0008
Half Life	2.69 ± 0.02 m
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1961
Parity	+

¹¹⁹Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹²⁰Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	119.909868065 ± 0.000004 Da
Mass Number	120
G-Factor	0
Half Life	50.8 ± 0.21 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1973
Parity	+

¹²⁰Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹²¹Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	120.91296366 ± 0.000002085 Da
Mass Number	121
G-Factor	0.41733333333333 ± 0.00046666666666667
Half Life	13.5 ± 0.3 s
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1965
Parity	+

¹²¹Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹²²Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	121.91345905 ± 0.000002468 Da
Mass Number	122
G-Factor	0
Half Life	5.24 ± 0.03 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1973
Parity	+

¹²²Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹²³Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	122.91689246 ± 0.000002894 Da
Mass Number	123
G-Factor	0.52566666666667 ± 0.00046666666666667
Half Life	2.1 ± 0.02 s
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1983
Parity	+

¹²³Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹²⁴Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	123.917659772 ± 0.0000028 Da
Mass Number	124
G-Factor	0
Half Life	1.25 ± 0.02 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1974
Parity	+

¹²⁴Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹²⁵Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	124.92125759 ± 0.0000031 Da
Mass Number	125
G-Factor	0.57273333333333 ± 0.00046666666666667
Half Life	680 ± 40 ms
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment	0.209 ± 0.01
Discovery Year	1986
Parity	+

¹²⁵Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹²⁶Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	125.92243029 ± 0.000002473 Da
Mass Number	126
G-Factor	0
Half Life	512 ± 5 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1978
Parity	+

¹²⁶Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹²⁷Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	126.926203291 ± 0.000006656 Da
Mass Number	127
G-Factor	0.58473333333333 ± 0.00053333333333333
Half Life	480 ± 100 ms
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment	0.239 ± 0.011
Discovery Year	1986
Parity	+

¹²⁷Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

¹²⁸Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	127.927816778 ± 0.000006905 Da
Mass Number	128
G-Factor	0
Half Life	246 ± 2 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1986
Parity	+

¹²⁸Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

¹²⁹Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	128.932235597 ± 0.0000057 Da
Mass Number	129
G-Factor	-0.12821818181818 ± 0.00010909090909091
Half Life	147 ± 3 ms
Spin	11/2
Quadrupole Moment	0.132 ± 0.009
Discovery Year	2003
Parity	-

¹²⁹Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

¹³⁰Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	129.934387563 ± 0.000024 Da
Mass Number	130
G-Factor	0
Half Life	126.8 ± 1.8 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1986
Parity	+

¹³⁰Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	3.5%

¹³¹Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	130.94072774 ± 0.000020653 Da
Mass Number	131
G-Factor
Half Life	98 ± 2 ms
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2000
Parity	-

¹³¹Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	3.5%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

¹³²Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	131.945823136 ± 0.000064485 Da
Mass Number	132
G-Factor	0
Half Life	84 ± 5 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2000
Parity	+

¹³²Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	60%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

¹³³Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	132.952614 ± 0.000215 Da
Mass Number	133
G-Factor
Half Life	61 ± 6 ms
Spin	7/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2010
Parity	-

¹³³Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

¹³⁴Cd

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	133.957638 ± 0.000322 Da
Mass Number	134
G-Factor	0
Half Life	65 ± 15 ms
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2015
Parity	+

¹³⁴Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

¹³⁵Cd

Abundance
Relative Atomic Mass	134.964766 ± 0.000429 Da
Mass Number	135
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year
Parity	-

¹³⁵Cd Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

History

Cadmium was discovered by German chemist Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817 as an impurity in zinc carbonate. Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not. Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818. From the Latin word cadmia, Greek kadmeia - the ancient name for calamine, zinc carbonate

Discoverers	Fredrich Stromeyer
Discovery Location	Germany
Discovery Year	1817
Etymology (Name Origin)	Greek: kadmeia (ancient name for calamine (zinc oxide)).
Pronunciation	KAD-me-em (English)

Cadmium and its compounds are highly toxic

Cadmium is a soft metal which is easily cut with a knife

Uses

Cadmium is a key component in battery production. It is also is used in electroplating. Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes. Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission. Used in nickel-cadmium batteries. Also in electroplating steel and in the manufacture of berings. Its compounds are found in paint pigments and a wide variety of intense colors. Boiling cadmium gives off a weird, yellow-colored vapor that is poisonous.

Sources

Obtained as a by product of zinc refining.

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	0.15 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans	0.00011 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body	0.00007 %
Abundance in Meteor	0.000044 %
Abundance in Sun	0.0000006 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.9744
2	p	4.091
2	s	12.6142
3	d	14.3931
3	p	17.3085
3	s	17.1588
4	d	32.1232
4	p	28.5888
4	s	27.1308
5	s	39.808

Cadmium on ChemicalAid

AGROVOC ID	c_1178
Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300011018
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3062
BNCF Thesaurus ID	21231
Bibliothèque nationale de France ID	11956626p
CAB ID	77907
CA PROP 65 ID	cadmium
CAS Registry Number	7440-43-9
CPV Supplementary	AA23
Canadian Encyclopedia article ID	cadmium
ChEBI ID	22977
ChemSpider ID	22410
Common Procurement Vocabulary	14751000
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID303940
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID1023940
Den Store Danske ID	cadmium
DrugBank ID	14085
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.320
Encyclopedia of China ID (Second Edition)	204030
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/cadmium
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	cadmium
EuroVoc ID	3836
Freebase ID	/m/025tksd
GND ID	4009274-4
Golden ID	Cadmium-G5W3
Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana ID	0086991
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	2032091
HCIS ID	781
HCIS ID	782
HSDB ID	282
ICSC ID	0020
InChI	InChI=1S/Cd
InChIKey	BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Cadmium
KEGG ID	C01413
Krugosvet article	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/KADMI.html
Library of Congress authority ID	sh85018635
MeSH descriptor ID	D002104
NDL Authority ID	00564385
NKCR AUT ID	ph121389
Namuwiki ID	카드뮴
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007293660605171
OmegaWiki Defined Meaning	468
OpenAlex ID	C544657597
OpenAlex ID	C2909340425
PSH ID	5789
Probes And Drugs ID	PD085662
PubChem CID	23973
Quora topic ID	Cadmium-element
RKD thesaurus ID	74902
RxNorm ID	1362694
STW Thesaurus for Economics ID	18237-0
ScienceDirect topic ID	agricultural-and-biological-sciences/cadmium
Store medisinske leksikon ID	kadmium
Store norske leksikon ID	kadmium
Treccani ID	cadmio
UK Archival Thesaurus ID	f2/mt225/4347/7801
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	8913
UNBIS Thesaurus ID	1000770
UNII	00BH33GNGH
USGS Thesaurus ID	1417
Wolfram Language entity code	Entity["Mineral", "Cadmium"]
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14656622-n
YSO ID	10160
ZVG number	8360
ZVG number	535087

Cadmium (Cd)

Properties

Isotopes of Cadmium

94Cd

94Cd Decay Modes

95Cd

95Cd Decay Modes

96Cd

96Cd Decay Modes

97Cd

97Cd Decay Modes

98Cd

98Cd Decay Modes

99Cd

99Cd Decay Modes

100Cd

100Cd Decay Modes

101Cd

101Cd Decay Modes

102Cd

102Cd Decay Modes

103Cd

103Cd Decay Modes

104Cd

104Cd Decay Modes

105Cd

105Cd Decay Modes

106Cd

106Cd Decay Modes

107Cd

107Cd Decay Modes

108Cd

108Cd Decay Modes

109Cd

109Cd Decay Modes

110Cd

111Cd

112Cd

113Cd

113Cd Decay Modes

114Cd

114Cd Decay Modes

115Cd

115Cd Decay Modes

116Cd

116Cd Decay Modes

117Cd

117Cd Decay Modes

118Cd

118Cd Decay Modes

119Cd

119Cd Decay Modes

120Cd

120Cd Decay Modes

121Cd

121Cd Decay Modes

122Cd

122Cd Decay Modes

123Cd

123Cd Decay Modes

124Cd

124Cd Decay Modes

125Cd

125Cd Decay Modes

126Cd

126Cd Decay Modes

127Cd

127Cd Decay Modes

128Cd

128Cd Decay Modes

129Cd

129Cd Decay Modes

130Cd

130Cd Decay Modes

131Cd

131Cd Decay Modes

132Cd

132Cd Decay Modes

133Cd

133Cd Decay Modes