Галлий

Галлий (Ga)

chemical element with symbol Ga and atomic number 31
Atomic Number31
Atomic Weight69.723
mass number69
Group13
Period4
Blockp
Протон31 p+
Нейтрон38 n0
Электрон31 e-
Animated Bohr model of Ga (Галлий)

Physical Property

Атомдук Радиус
molar volume
covalent radius
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Van der Waals radius
density
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Галлий0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190pmАтомдук РадиусCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

энергия
proton affinity
electron affinity
ionization energy
ionization energy of Ga (Галлий)
enthalpy of vaporization
enthalpy of fusion
standard enthalpy of formation
Электрон
electron shell2, 8, 18, 3
Bohr model: Ga (Галлий)
valence electron3
Lewis structure: Ga (Галлий)
electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p1
Enhanced Bohr model of Ga (Галлий)
Orbital Diagram of Ga (Галлий)
oxidation number-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3
electronegativity
1.81
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
Түс –
Silver
appearancesilver-white
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
electrical resistivity
superconductivity
Магнетизм
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0,000000003 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0,000000000209 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0,0000177
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
түзүм
Crystal StructureBase Centered Orthorhombic (ORC)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
bulk modulus
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
speed of sound
classification
CategoryPost-transition metals, Poor metals
CAS GroupIIIB
IUPAC GroupIIIA
Glawe Number79
Mendeleev Number83
Pettifor Number81
Geochemical Class
Литофиль элементтериchalcophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
2,9
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0015
Кванттык сандар2P1/2
space group64 (Cmca)

Isotopes of Gallium

Stable Isotopes2
Unstable Isotopes31
Natural Isotopes2
Isotopic Composition6960.11%6960.11%7139.89%7139.89%

56Ga

mass number56
neutron number25
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин3
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity+

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)

57Ga

mass number57
neutron number26
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention
parity-

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)

58Ga

mass number58
neutron number27
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity+

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)

59Ga

mass number59
neutron number28
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity-

decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)

60Ga

mass number60
neutron number29
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
72,4 ± 1,7 ms
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1995
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)1.6%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)0.023%

61Ga

mass number61
neutron number30
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
165,9 ± 2,5 ms
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1987
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.25%

62Ga

mass number62
neutron number31
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
116,122 ± 0,021 ms
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1978
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

63Ga

mass number63
neutron number32
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,097866666666667 ± 0,00033333333333333
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
32,4 ± 0,5 s
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,212 ± 0,014
time of discovery or invention1965
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

64Ga

mass number64
neutron number33
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,627 ± 0,012 m
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1953
parity

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

65Ga

mass number65
neutron number34
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,182 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
15,133 ± 0,028 m
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,21 ± 0,015
time of discovery or invention1938
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

66Ga

mass number66
neutron number35
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
9,304 ± 0,008 h
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1937
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

67Ga

mass number67
neutron number36
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,2329333333333 ± 0,00033333333333333
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
3,2617 ± 0,0004 d
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,197 ± 0,002
time of discovery or invention1938
parity-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

68Ga

mass number68
neutron number37
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,01174 ± 0,00007
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
67,842 ± 0,016 m
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0,0277 ± 0,0014
time of discovery or invention1937
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

69Ga

mass number69
neutron number38
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,3433466666667 ± 0,00004
natural abundance
60,108 ± 0,05
Радиоактивдүүлүкstable isotope
half-lifeNot Radioactive ☢️
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,171 ± 0,002
time of discovery or invention1923
parity-

70Ga

mass number70
neutron number39
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,571 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
21,14 ± 0,05 m
Спин1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,105 ± 0,007
time of discovery or invention1937
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)99.59%
ϵ (electron capture)0.41%

71Ga

mass number71
neutron number40
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,7068866666667 ± 0,00006
natural abundance
39,892 ± 0,05
Радиоактивдүүлүкstable isotope
half-lifeNot Radioactive ☢️
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,107 ± 0,001
time of discovery or invention1923
parity-

72Ga

mass number72
neutron number41
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,044046666666667 ± 0,0000066666666666667
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
14,025 ± 0,01 h
Спин3
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,53 ± 0,006
time of discovery or invention1939
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

73Ga

mass number73
neutron number42
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,13933333333333 ± 0,0013333333333333
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
4,86 ± 0,03 h
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

74Ga

mass number74
neutron number43
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0 ± 0,026666666666667
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
8,12 ± 0,12 m
Спин3
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,55 ± 0,04
time of discovery or invention1956
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

75Ga

mass number75
neutron number44
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,2233333333333 ± 0,0026666666666667
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
126 ± 2 s
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0,285 ± 0,017
time of discovery or invention1960
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

76Ga

mass number76
neutron number45
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,4725 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
30,6 ± 0,6 s
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,33 ± 0,02
time of discovery or invention1961
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

77Ga

mass number77
neutron number46
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1,3453333333333 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
13,2 ± 0,2 s
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0,208 ± 0,013
time of discovery or invention1968
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

78Ga

mass number78
neutron number47
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,607 ± 0,0025
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
5,09 ± 0,05 s
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,33 ± 0,02
time of discovery or invention1972
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

79Ga

mass number79
neutron number48
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,69733333333333 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
2,848 ± 0,003 s
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,158 ± 0,01
time of discovery or invention1974
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.089%

80Ga

mass number80
neutron number49
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,006 ± 0,00066666666666667
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
1,9 ± 0,1 s
Спин6
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,38 ± 0,02
time of discovery or invention1974
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.86%

81Ga

mass number81
neutron number50
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,6984 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
1,217 ± 0,005 s
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0,048 ± 0,008
time of discovery or invention1976
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)12.5%

82Ga

mass number82
neutron number51
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
600 ± 2 ms
Спин2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1976
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)21.2%
2n (2-neutron emission)

83Ga

mass number83
neutron number52
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
310 ± 0,7 ms
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1976
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)85%
2n (2-neutron emission)

84Ga

mass number84
neutron number53
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
97,6 ± 1,2 ms
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1991
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)43%
2n (2-neutron emission)1.6%

85Ga

mass number85
neutron number54
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
95,3 ± 1 ms
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1997
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)77%
2n (2-neutron emission)1.3%

86Ga

mass number86
neutron number55
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
49 ± 2 ms
Спин
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1997
parity

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)69%
2n (2-neutron emission)16.2%

87Ga

mass number87
neutron number56
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
29 ± 4 ms
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2010
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)81%
2n (2-neutron emission)10.2%

88Ga

mass number88
neutron number57
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
Gallium crystals

тарых

discoverer or inventorPaul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran
location of discoveryFrance
time of discovery or invention1875
ЭтимологияLatin: Gallia (France).
pronunciationGAL-i-em (англисче)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (Океан)
natural abundance (human body)
natural abundance (meteoroid)
0,00076 %
natural abundance (Күн)
0,000004 %
Abundance in Universe
0,000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.6906
2p3.9092
2s8.401
3d15.9067
3p14.7964
3s14.0038
4p24.7784
4s23.9332