Gadolinium

Gadolinium (Gd)

grundstof med atomnummer 64
Atomnummer64
Atommasse157.25
mass number158
Gruppe
Periode6
Blokf
proton64 p+
neutron94 n0
elektron64 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodel of Gd (Gadolinium)

Fysisk Egenskab

Atomradius
molar volume
Kovalent Radius
Metallic Radius
Ionisk radius
Crystal Radius
Van der Waals-radius
massefylde
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Gadolinium0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240pmAtomradiusKovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals-radius

Kemisk Egenskab

energi
proton affinity
electron affinity
ioniseringsenergi
ioniseringsenergi of Gd (Gadolinium)
Fordampningsvarme
smeltevarme
standard enthalpy of formation
elektron
Elektronskal2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Bohrs atommodel: Gd (Gadolinium)
Valenselektron2
Elektronprikmodellen: Gd (Gadolinium)
electron configuration[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f7 5d1 6s2
Enhanced Bohrs atommodel of Gd (Gadolinium)
Orbital Diagram of Gd (Gadolinium)
Oxidationstrin0, 1, 2, 3
Elektronegativitet
1.2
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter
stoffaseFast stof
gaseous state of matter
Kogepunkt
Smeltepunkt
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
appearance
farve
Silver
appearancesilvery white
Brydningsindeks
materialeegenskab
Varmeledningsevne
Termisk ekspansion
molar heat capacity
Varmefylde
Adiabateksponenten
electrical properties
typeConductor
specifik ledningsevne
Elektrisk resistivitet
superledning
Magnetisme
typeferromagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Curietemperaturen
Néel temperature
struktur
KrystalstrukturSimpel Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hårdhed
Kompressibilitetsmodul
Forskydningsmodul
E-modul
Poissons forhold
0,26
speed of sound
klassificering
KategoriLantanider, Lanthanides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number26
Mendeleev Number27
Pettifor Number27
Geochemical Classrare earth & related
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

øvrige

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
49.000
Neutron Mass Absorption
7,3
quantum number9D2
rumgruppe194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Gadolinium

Stable Isotopes5
Unstable Isotopes35
Natural Isotopes7
Isotopic Composition15824.84%15824.84%16021.86%16021.86%15620.47%15620.47%15514.80%15514.80%15715.65%15715.65%1542.18%1542.18%1520.20%1520.20%

133Gd

mass number133
neutron number69
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

134Gd

mass number134
neutron number70
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

135Gd

mass number135
neutron number71
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
1,1 ± 0,2 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1996
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)2%

136Gd

mass number136
neutron number72
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato2000
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

137Gd

mass number137
neutron number73
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
2,2 ± 0,2 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1999
Paritet

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

138Gd

mass number138
neutron number74
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
4,7 ± 0,9 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1985
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

139Gd

mass number139
neutron number75
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
5,7 ± 0,3 s
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1983
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

140Gd

mass number140
neutron number76
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
15,8 ± 0,4 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1985
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)67%
ϵ (electron capture)33%

141Gd

mass number141
neutron number77
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
14 ± 4 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1986
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.03%

142Gd

mass number142
neutron number78
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
70,2 ± 0,6 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1986
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
ϵ (electron capture)52%
e+ (positron emission)48%

143Gd

mass number143
neutron number79
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
39 ± 2 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1975
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)

144Gd

mass number144
neutron number80
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
4,47 ± 0,06 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1968
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

145Gd

mass number145
neutron number81
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
23 ± 0,4 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1959
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

146Gd

mass number146
neutron number82
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
48,27 ± 0,09 d
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1957
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

147Gd

mass number147
neutron number83
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,29142857142857 ± 0,025714285714286
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
38,06 ± 0,12 h
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1957
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

148Gd

mass number148
neutron number84
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
71,3 ± 1 y
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1953
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

149Gd

mass number149
neutron number85
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,25142857142857 ± 0,011428571428571
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
9,28 ± 0,1 d
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1951
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)4.3%

150Gd

mass number150
neutron number86
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
1,79 ± 0,08 My
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1953
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

151Gd

mass number151
neutron number87
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,22 ± 0,017142857142857
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
123,9 ± 1 d
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1950
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%
α (α emission)1.1%

152Gd

mass number152
neutron number88
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0,2 ± 0,03
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
108 ± 8 Ty
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1938
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

153Gd

mass number153
neutron number89
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,25333333333333 ± 0,053333333333333
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
240,6 ± 0,7 d
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1947
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

154Gd

mass number154
neutron number90
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
2,18 ± 0,02
radioaktivitetstable isotope
halveringstidNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1938
Paritet+

155Gd

mass number155
neutron number91
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,17273333333333 ± 0,00026666666666667
natural abundance
14,8 ± 0,09
radioaktivitetstable isotope
halveringstidNot Radioactive ☢️
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,27 ± 0,03
opdagelsesdato1933
Paritet-

156Gd

mass number156
neutron number92
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
20,47 ± 0,03
radioaktivitetstable isotope
halveringstidNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1933
Paritet+

157Gd

mass number157
neutron number93
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,22653333333333 ± 0,0004
natural abundance
15,65 ± 0,04
radioaktivitetstable isotope
halveringstidNot Radioactive ☢️
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,35 ± 0,03
opdagelsesdato1933
Paritet-

158Gd

mass number158
neutron number94
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
24,84 ± 0,08
radioaktivitetstable isotope
halveringstidNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1933
Paritet+

159Gd

mass number159
neutron number95
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,29333333333333 ± 0,02
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
18,479 ± 0,004 h
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1949
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

160Gd

mass number160
neutron number96
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
21,86 ± 0,03
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1933
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
(double β decay)

161Gd

mass number161
neutron number97
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
3,646 ± 0,003 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1949
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

162Gd

mass number162
neutron number98
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
8,4 ± 0,2 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1967
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

163Gd

mass number163
neutron number99
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
68 ± 3 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato1982
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

164Gd

mass number164
neutron number100
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
45 ± 3 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1988
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

165Gd

mass number165
neutron number101
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
11,6 ± 1 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1998
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

166Gd

mass number166
neutron number102
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
5,1 ± 0,8 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato2005
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

167Gd

mass number167
neutron number103
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
4,2 ± 0,3 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato2012
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

168Gd

mass number168
neutron number104
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
3,03 ± 0,16 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato1985
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

169Gd

mass number169
neutron number105
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
750 ± 210 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato2012
Paritet-

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

170Gd

mass number170
neutron number106
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
420 ± 130 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato2012
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

171Gd

mass number171
neutron number107
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato2018
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

172Gd

mass number172
neutron number108
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
opdagelsesdato2018
Paritet+

decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
Gadolinium

historie

opdager eller opfinderJean de Marignac
fundstedSwitzerland
opdagelsesdato1880
etymologiNamed after the mineral gadolinite.
udtaleGAD-eh-LIN-i-em (engelsk)

source

Forekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (verdenshave)
natural abundance (menneskelige krop)
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
0,000023 %
natural abundance (Solen)
0,0000002 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.2565
2p4.2946
2s16.783
3d13.723
3p19.8508
3s20.2903
4d34.3664
4f38.9864
4p31.3532
4s30.556
5p47.236
5s45.118
6s55.7854