Hidrojeni

Hidrojeni (H)

kipengele cha kemikali na alama H na nambari ya atomiki 1; dutu nyepesi na iliyo tele zaidi katika ulimwengu
Atomic Number1
Atomic Weight1.008
mass number1
Group1
Period1
Blocks
protoni1 p+
nyutroni0 n0
elektroni1 e-
Animated Bohr model of H (Hidrojeni)

Physical Property

Atomic Radius
25 pm
molar volume
Covalent Radius
32 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
-38 pm
Crystal Radius
-24 pm
Van der Waals radius
110 pm
msongamano
0.000082 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Hidrojeni0102030405060708090100110pmAtomic RadiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

nishati
proton affinity
electron affinity
0.754195 eV/particle
ionization energy
13.598434005136 eV/particle
enthalpy of vaporization
0.904 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion
0.117 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
217.998 kJ/mol
elektroni
Mzingo elektroni1
Bohr model: H (Hidrojeni)
valence electron1
Lewis structure: H (Hidrojeni)
electron configuration1s1
Enhanced Bohr model of H (Hidrojeni)
Orbital Diagram of H (Hidrojeni)
oxidation number-1, 1
electronegativity
2.2
Electrophilicity Index
2.00476999140139 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterGas
gaseous state of matterDiatomic
Boiling Point
20.271 K
Melting Point
13.99 K
critical pressure
1.2858 MPa
critical temperature
32.938 K
Kiwango utatu
13.8033 K
7.041 kPa
appearance
Rangi
Colorless
appearancecolorless gas
refractive index
1.000132
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
0.1815 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
28.836 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
14.304 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio7/5
electrical properties
type
electrical conductivity
electrical resistivity
superconductivity
Uga sumaku
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0.0000000248 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0.00000000004999 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0.00000000223
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
3.75 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness
bulk modulus
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
speed of sound
1,270 m/s
classification
CategoryOther nonmetals, Nonmetals
CAS GroupIA
IUPAC GroupIA
Glawe Number103
Mendeleev Number105
Pettifor Number103
Geochemical Classvolatile
Goldschmidt classificationatmophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
4.50711 ± 0.00003 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
6.499026705 a₀
allotropeDihydrogen
Neutron cross section
0.332
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.011
quantum number2S1/2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Hydrogen

Stable Isotopes2
Unstable Isotopes5
Natural Isotopes2
Isotopic Composition199.99%199.99%20.01%20.01%

1H

mass number1
neutron number0
relative atomic mass
1.007825031898 ± 0.000000000014 Da
g-factor
5.585694702 ± 0.000000018
natural abundance
99.9855 ± 0.0078
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1920
parity+

2D

mass number2
neutron number1
relative atomic mass
2.014101777844 ± 0.000000000015 Da
g-factor
0.857438231 ± 0.000000005
natural abundance
0.0145 ± 0.0078
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1932
parity+

3T

mass number3
neutron number2
relative atomic mass
3.01604928132 ± 0.00000000008 Da
g-factor
5.95792492 ± 0.000000028
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
12.32 ± 0.02 y
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1934
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

4H

mass number4
neutron number3
relative atomic mass
4.026431867 ± 0.000107354 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
139 ± 10 ys
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1981
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
n (neutron emission)100%

5H

mass number5
neutron number4
relative atomic mass
5.035311492 ± 0.00009602 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
86 ± 6 ys
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1987
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
2n (2-neutron emission)100%

6H

mass number6
neutron number5
relative atomic mass
6.044955437 ± 0.000272816 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
294 ± 67 ys
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1984
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
n (neutron emission)
3n (3-neutron emission)

7H

mass number7
neutron number6
relative atomic mass
7.052749 ± 0.001078 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
652 ± 558 ys
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi2003
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
2n (2-neutron emission)
Hydrogen discharge tube

historia

mgunduzi au mvumbuziHenry Cavendish
location of discoveryEngland
Uvumbuzi1766
EtimolojiaGreek: hydro (water) and genes (generate)
pronunciationHI-dreh-jen (Kiingereza)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
1,400 mg/kg
natural abundance (Bahari)
108,000 mg/L
natural abundance (Mwili)
10 %
natural abundance (Kimondo)
2.4 %
natural abundance (Jua)
75 %
Abundance in Universe
75 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0