Hafni

Hafni (Hf)

element with the atomic number of 72
Atomic Number72
Atomic Weight178.49
Rhif màs180
Group4
Period6
Blockd
Proton72 p+
Niwtron108 n0
Electron72 e-
Animated Bohr model of Hf (Hafni)

Nodwedd Ffisegol

Atomic Radius
molar volume
covalent radius
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Van der Waals radius
density
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Hafni0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230pmAtomic RadiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Nodwedd Gemegol

egni
proton affinity
electron affinity
ionization energy
ionization energy of Hf (Hafni)
enthalpy of vaporization
enthalpy of fusion
standard enthalpy of formation
Electron
plisgyn yr electron2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2
Bohr model: Hf (Hafni)
valence electron2
Lewis structure: Hf (Hafni)
trefn yr electronnau[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f14 5d2 6s2
Enhanced Bohr model of Hf (Hafni)
Orbital Diagram of Hf (Hafni)
Cyflwr ocsidiad-2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Electronegatifedd
1.3
Electrophilicity Index
cyflwr sylfaenol mater
cyflwr materSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
lliw
Gray
appearancesteel gray
Mynegrif plygiant
nodwedd ffisegol gwrthrych
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
dargludedd trydanol
Gwrthedd
superconductivity
magnetism
typeparamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
0.0000000053 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
0.000000000946 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
0.0000705
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
strwythur
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
nodwedd mecanyddol deunyddiau
hardness
bulk modulus
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
0.37
speed of sound
classification
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupIVA
IUPAC GroupIVB
Glawe Number50
Mendeleev Number45
Pettifor Number50
Geochemical Classhigh field strength
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
104
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.02
quantum number3F2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Hafnium

Stable Isotopes5
Unstable Isotopes33
Natural Isotopes6
Isotopic Composition18035.08%18035.08%17827.28%17827.28%17718.60%17718.60%17913.62%17913.62%1765.26%1765.26%1740.16%1740.16%

153Hf

Rhif màs153
neutron number81
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod2000
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

154Hf

Rhif màs154
neutron number82
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
2 ± 1 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1981
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)0%

155Hf

Rhif màs155
neutron number83
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
843 ± 30 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1981
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

156Hf

Rhif màs156
neutron number84
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
23 ± 1 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1979
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

157Hf

Rhif màs157
neutron number85
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
115 ± 1 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1965
parity-

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)94%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)14%

158Hf

Rhif màs158
neutron number86
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
2.85 ± 0.07 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1965
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)55.7%
α (α emission)44.3%

159Hf

Rhif màs159
neutron number87
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
5.2 ± 0.1 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1973
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)65%
α (α emission)35%

160Hf

Rhif màs160
neutron number88
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
13.6 ± 0.2 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1973
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.3%
α (α emission)0.7%

161Hf

Rhif màs161
neutron number89
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
18.4 ± 0.4 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1973
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.71%
α (α emission)0.29%

162Hf

Rhif màs162
neutron number90
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
39.4 ± 0.9 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1982
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)99.992%
α (α emission)0.008%

163Hf

Rhif màs163
neutron number91
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
40 ± 0.6 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1982
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)

164Hf

Rhif màs164
neutron number92
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
111 ± 8 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1981
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

165Hf

Rhif màs165
neutron number93
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
76 ± 4 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1981
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

166Hf

Rhif màs166
neutron number94
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
6.77 ± 0.3 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1965
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

167Hf

Rhif màs167
neutron number95
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
2.05 ± 0.05 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1969
parity

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

168Hf

Rhif màs168
neutron number96
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
25.95 ± 0.2 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
ϵ (electron capture)98%
e+ (positron emission)2%

169Hf

Rhif màs169
neutron number97
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
3.24 ± 0.04 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1969
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

170Hf

Rhif màs170
neutron number98
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
16.01 ± 0.13 h
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

171Hf

Rhif màs171
neutron number99
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0.19257142857143 ± 0.0034285714285714
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
12.1 ± 0.4 h
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3.46 ± 0.03
dyddiad darganfod1951
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

172Hf

Rhif màs172
neutron number100
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
1.87 ± 0.03 y
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1951
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

173Hf

Rhif màs173
neutron number101
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
1.004 ± 0.014
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
23.6 ± 0.1 h
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1951
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

174Hf

Rhif màs174
neutron number102
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0.16 ± 0.12
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
2 ± 0.4 Py
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1939
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

175Hf

Rhif màs175
neutron number103
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0.2708 ± 0.0036
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
70.65 ± 0.19 d
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
2.72 ± 0.02
dyddiad darganfod1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

176Hf

Rhif màs176
neutron number104
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
5.26 ± 0.7
Dadfeilio ymbelydrolstable isotope
Hanner oesNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1934
parity+

177Hf

Rhif màs177
neutron number105
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0.226 ± 0.00025714285714286
natural abundance
18.6 ± 0.16
Dadfeilio ymbelydrolstable isotope
Hanner oesNot Radioactive ☢️
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3.37 ± 0.03
dyddiad darganfod1934
parity-

178Hf

Rhif màs178
neutron number106
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
27.28 ± 0.28
Dadfeilio ymbelydrolstable isotope
Hanner oesNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1934
parity+

179Hf

Rhif màs179
neutron number107
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0.14197777777778 ± 0.00031111111111111
natural abundance
13.62 ± 0.11
Dadfeilio ymbelydrolstable isotope
Hanner oesNot Radioactive ☢️
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
3.79 ± 0.03
dyddiad darganfod1934
parity+

180Hf

Rhif màs180
neutron number108
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
35.08 ± 0.33
Dadfeilio ymbelydrolstable isotope
Hanner oesNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1934
parity+

181Hf

Rhif màs181
neutron number109
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
42.39 ± 0.06 d
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1935
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

182Hf

Rhif màs182
neutron number110
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
8.9 ± 0.09 My
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1961
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

183Hf

Rhif màs183
neutron number111
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
1.018 ± 0.002 h
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1956
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

184Hf

Rhif màs184
neutron number112
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
4.12 ± 0.05 h
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1973
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

185Hf

Rhif màs185
neutron number113
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
3.5 ± 0.6 m
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1993
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

186Hf

Rhif màs186
neutron number114
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
2.6 ± 1.2 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1998
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

187Hf

Rhif màs187
neutron number115
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod1999
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

188Hf

Rhif màs188
neutron number116
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod1999
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)

189Hf

Rhif màs189
neutron number117
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
dyddiad darganfod2009
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

190Hf

Rhif màs190
neutron number118
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Dadfeilio ymbelydrol☢️ elfen ymbelydrol
Hanner oes
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
dyddiad darganfod2012
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
Hf-crystal bar
Hafnium

hanes

darganfyddwr neu ddyfeisiwrDirk Coster, Georg von Hevesy
man darganfodDenmark
dyddiad darganfod1923
geirdarddiadFrom Hafnia, the Latin name of Copenhagen.
ynganiadHAF-ni-em (Saesneg)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (cefnfor)
natural abundance (corff dynol)
natural abundance (Awyrfaen)
0.000017 %
natural abundance (Haul)
0.0000001 %
Abundance in Universe
0.00000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.3984
2p4.4012
2s18.8102
3d13.5702
3p21.0168
3s21.6885
4d36.476
4f39.7904
4p34.0704
4s33.0228
5d55.3805
5p52.415
5s50.167
6s62.8356