Kalij[um] (K)

hemijski element sa simbolom K i atomskim brojem 19

Atomic Number	19
Atomic Weight	39.0983
Maseni broj	39

Group	1
Period	4
Block	s

Proton	19 p⁺
Neutron	20 n⁰
Elektron	19 e^-

Animated Bohrov model atoma of K (Kalij[um])

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus	220 pm 234 pm
Molarni volumen	45,3 cm³/mol
covalent radius	196 pm 193 pm 207 pm 203 pm
Metallic Radius	203 pm 235 pm
Ionski radijus	137 pm 138 pm 146 pm 151 pm 155 pm 159 pm 164 pm
Crystal Radius	151 pm 152 pm 160 pm 165 pm 169 pm 173 pm 178 pm
Van der Waalsov radijus	280 pm 275 pm 275 pm 309 pm 381,2 pm
gustoća	0,89 g/cm³ 828 kg/m³

Chemical Property

{ERROR}

energija

proton affinity
electron affinity	0,50147 eV/particle
ionization energy	4,34066354 eV/particle 31,625 eV/particle 45,8031 eV/particle 60,917 eV/particle 82,66 eV/particle 99,4 eV/particle 117,56 eV/particle 154,87 eV/particle 175,8174 eV/particle 503,67 eV/particle 565,6 eV/particle 631 eV/particle 714,71 eV/particle 786,26 eV/particle 860,92 eV/particle 967,66 eV/particle 1.034,541 eV/particle 4.610,86998 eV/particle 4.934,0482 eV/particle

Toplota isparavanja	2,33 kJ/mol
toplota topljenja	102,5 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	89 kJ/mol
Elektron

electron shell	2, 8, 8, 1

Valentni elektron	1 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ar] 4s¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹

oksidacijsko stanje	-1, 1
Elektronegativnost	4,34 eV/particle 0.0981896 0.82
Electrophilicity Index	0,7633848415985606 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

agregatno stanje
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	1.032,15 K
Melting Point	336,65 K
critical pressure	16 MPa
Kritična temperatura	2.223,15 K
Trojna tačka
appearance
boja	Black #ff1493 #8f40d4 #8f40d4
appearance	silvery gray
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	79 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity	29,6 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,757 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Specifična električna provodljivost	14 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0,00000007000000000002 Ω*m
Superprovodljivost
Magnetizam
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,0000000067 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000000262 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,00000574
magnetic ordering
Kirijeva tačka
Néel temperature
struktura
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	5,23 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
Tvrdoća	0,363 MPa 0,4 MPa
bulk modulus	3,1 GPa
shear modulus	1,3 GPa
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
Brzina zvuka	2.000 m/s
klasifikacija
Category	Actinides, Alkali metals
CAS Group	IA
IUPAC Group	IA
Glawe Number	10
Mendeleev Number	3
Pettifor Number	10
Geochemical Class	alkali metal
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	289,7 ± 0,3 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	3.923 a₀ 3.910 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	2,1
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0018
Kvantni brojevi	2S1/2
space group	229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Potassium

Stable Isotopes	2
Unstable Isotopes	27
Natural Isotopes	3

³¹K

Maseni broj	31
broj neutrona	12
Relative Atomic Mass	31,03678 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2019
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
3p	100%

³²K

Maseni broj	32
broj neutrona	13
Relative Atomic Mass	32,023607 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³³K

Maseni broj	33
broj neutrona	14
Relative Atomic Mass	33,008095 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁴K

Maseni broj	34
broj neutrona	15
Relative Atomic Mass	33,99869 ± 0,00021 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁵K

Maseni broj	35
broj neutrona	16
Relative Atomic Mass	34,988005406 ± 0,00000055 Da
g-factor	0,26133333333333 ± 0,0046666666666667
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	175,2 ± 1,9 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1976
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.37%

³⁶K

Maseni broj	36
broj neutrona	17
Relative Atomic Mass	35,981301887 ± 0,000000349 Da
g-factor	0,274 ± 0,0005
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	341 ± 3 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1967
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.048%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.0034%

³⁷K

Maseni broj	37
broj neutrona	18
Relative Atomic Mass	36,97337589 ± 0,0000001 Da
g-factor	0,13547333333333 ± 0,00004
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	1,23651 ± 0,00094 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,109 ± 0,004
datum otkrića	1958
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³⁸K

Maseni broj	38
broj neutrona	19
Relative Atomic Mass	37,969081114 ± 0,000000209 Da
g-factor	0,457 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	7,651 ± 0,019 m
spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1937
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³⁹K

Maseni broj	39
broj neutrona	20
Relative Atomic Mass	38,96370648482 ± 0,00000000489 Da
g-factor	0,26098 ± 0,0000053333333333333
natural abundance	93,2581 ± 0,0044
Radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,0603 ± 0,0006
datum otkrića	1921
parity	+

⁴⁰K

Maseni broj	40
broj neutrona	21
Relative Atomic Mass	39,963998165 ± 0,00000006 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	0,0117 ± 0,0001
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	1,248 ± 0,003 Gy
spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,075 ± 0,0008
datum otkrića	1935
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	89.28%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	10.72%

⁴¹K

Maseni broj	41
broj neutrona	22
Relative Atomic Mass	40,96182525611 ± 0,00000000403 Da
g-factor	0,143248 ± 0,0000033333333333333
natural abundance	6,7302 ± 0,0044
Radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,0734 ± 0,0007
datum otkrića	1921
parity	+

⁴²K

Maseni broj	42
broj neutrona	23
Relative Atomic Mass	41,962402305 ± 0,000000113 Da
g-factor	-0,57125 ± 0,0003
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	12,355 ± 0,007 h
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1935
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴³K

Maseni broj	43
broj neutrona	24
Relative Atomic Mass	42,960734701 ± 0,00000044 Da
g-factor	0,10886666666667 ± 0,00053333333333333
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	22,3 ± 0,1 h
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1949
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁴K

Maseni broj	44
broj neutrona	25
Relative Atomic Mass	43,961586984 ± 0,00000045 Da
g-factor	-0,428 ± 0,002
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	22,13 ± 0,19 m
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1954
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁵K

Maseni broj	45
broj neutrona	26
Relative Atomic Mass	44,960691491 ± 0,00000056 Da
g-factor	0,1156 ± 0,00053333333333333
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	17,8 ± 0,6 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1964
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁶K

Maseni broj	46
broj neutrona	27
Relative Atomic Mass	45,961981584 ± 0,00000078 Da
g-factor	-0,5255 ± 0,003
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	96,3 ± 0,08 s
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1965
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁷K

Maseni broj	47
broj neutrona	28
Relative Atomic Mass	46,961661612 ± 0,0000015 Da
g-factor	3,866 ± 0,018
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	17,38 ± 0,03 s
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
datum otkrića	1964
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁸K

Maseni broj	48
broj neutrona	29
Relative Atomic Mass	47,965341184 ± 0,00000083 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	6,83 ± 0,14 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1972
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	1.14%

⁴⁹K

Maseni broj	49
broj neutrona	30
Relative Atomic Mass	48,968210753 ± 0,00000086 Da
g-factor	2,6772 ± 0,0016
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	1,26 ± 0,05 s
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
datum otkrića	1972
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	86%

⁵⁰K

Maseni broj	50
broj neutrona	31
Relative Atomic Mass	49,972380015 ± 0,0000083 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	472 ± 4 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
datum otkrića	1972
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	28.6%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵¹K

Maseni broj	51
broj neutrona	32
Relative Atomic Mass	50,975828664 ± 0,000014 Da
g-factor	0,342 ± 0,0013333333333333
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	365 ± 5 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1983
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	65%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵²K

Maseni broj	52
broj neutrona	33
Relative Atomic Mass	51,981602 ± 0,000036 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	110 ± 4 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1983
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	72.2%
2n (2-neutron emission)	2.3%

⁵³K

Maseni broj	53
broj neutrona	34
Relative Atomic Mass	52,9868 ± 0,00012 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	30 ± 5 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1983
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	64%
2n (2-neutron emission)	10%

⁵⁴K

Maseni broj	54
broj neutrona	35
Relative Atomic Mass	53,994471 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	10 ± 5 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	1983
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁵K

Maseni broj	55
broj neutrona	36
Relative Atomic Mass	55,000505 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2009
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁶K

Maseni broj	56
broj neutrona	37
Relative Atomic Mass	56,008567 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2009
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁷K

Maseni broj	57
broj neutrona	38
Relative Atomic Mass	57,015169 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2018
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁸K

Maseni broj	58
broj neutrona	39
Relative Atomic Mass	58,023543 ± 0,000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2019
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁹K

Maseni broj	59
broj neutrona	40
Relative Atomic Mass	59,030864 ± 0,000859 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića	2018
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

historija

otkrivač ili izumitelj	Sir Humphrey Davy
mjesto otkrića	England
datum otkrića	1807
Etimologija	English: pot ash; symbol from Latin: kalium, (alkali).
pronunciation	pe-TASS-i-em (engleski)

izvor

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	20.900 mg/kg
natural abundance (okean)	399 mg/L
natural abundance (ljudsko tijelo)	0,2 %
natural abundance (Meteoroidi)	0,07 %
natural abundance (Sunce)	0,0004 %
Abundance in Universe	0,0003 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.5105
2	p	3.9728
2	s	5.9938
3	p	11.2744
3	s	10.3201
4	s	15.5048

Kalij[um] on ChemicalAid

Kalij[um] (K)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Potassium

31K

32K

33K

34K

35K

36K

37K

38K

39K

40K

41K

42K

43K

44K

45K

46K

47K

48K

49K

50K

51K

52K

53K

54K

55K

56K

57K

58K

59K

historija

izvor

Nuclear Screening Constants

³¹K

³²K

³³K

³⁴K

³⁵K

³⁶K

³⁷K

³⁸K

³⁹K

⁴⁰K

⁴¹K

⁴²K

⁴³K

⁴⁴K

⁴⁵K

⁴⁶K

⁴⁷K

⁴⁸K

⁴⁹K

⁵⁰K

⁵¹K

⁵²K

⁵³K

⁵⁴K

⁵⁵K

⁵⁶K

⁵⁷K

⁵⁸K

⁵⁹K