Magneesium (Mg)

chemical element, symbol Mg and atomic number 12

Atomic Number	12
Atomic Weight	24.305
massiarv	24

Group	2
Period	3
Block	s

prooton	12 p⁺
neutron	12 n⁰
elektron	12 e^-

Animated Bohri aatomiteooria of Mg (Magneesium)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Aatomiraadius	150 pm 240 pm
molaarruumala	14 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	139 pm 132 pm 127 pm 142 pm 141 pm
Metallic Radius	136 pm 160 pm
ionic radius	57 pm 66 pm 72 pm 89 pm
Crystal Radius	71 pm 80 pm 86 pm 103 pm
Van der Waals radius	220 pm 173 pm 173 pm 243 pm 302,1 pm
density	1,74 g/cm³ 1 584 kg/m³

Keemilised Omadused

{ERROR}

energia

proton affinity	819,6 kJ/mol
Elektronafiinsus
ionization energy	7,646235 eV/particle 15,035267 eV/particle 80,1436 eV/particle 109,2654 eV/particle 141,335 eV/particle 186,76 eV/particle 225,015 eV/particle 265,924 eV/particle 327,985 eV/particle 367,5 eV/particle 1 761,80481 eV/particle 1 962,664 eV/particle

aurustumissoojus	131,8 kJ/mol
sulamissoojus	9,2 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	147,1 kJ/mol
elektron

elektronkiht	2, 8, 2

valentselektron	2 ⓘ

elektronkonfiguratsioon	[Ne] 3s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

oksüdatsiooniaste	0, 1, 2
elektronegatiivsus	7,646 eV/particle 0.121644 1.31
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	1 363,15 K
Melting Point	923,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
kolmikpunkt
Välimus
värvus	Black #228b22 #8aff00 #8aff00
Välimus	shiny grey solid
Murdumisnäitaja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	156 W/(m K)
soojuspaisumine	0,0000248 1/K
molar heat capacity	24,869 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	1,023 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Elektrijuhtivus	23 MS/m
Eritakistus	0,00000004399999999999 Ω*m
Ülijuhtivus
Magnetism
type	paramagnetic
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Mass)	0,0000000069 m³/Kg
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Molar)	0,000000000168 m³/mol
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Volume)	0,000012
magnetic ordering
Curie punkt
Néel temperature
struktuur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3,21 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
kõvadus	260 MPa 2,5 MPa
Ruumpaisumismoodul	45 GPa
Nihkeelastsusmoodul	17 GPa
Normaalelastsusmoodul	45 GPa
Poissoni tegur	0,29
heli kiirus	4 602 m/s
Klassifitseerimine
Category	Actinides, Alkaline earth metals
CAS Group	IIA
IUPAC Group	IIA
Glawe Number	73
Mendeleev Number	76
Pettifor Number	73
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

teine

Gas Basicity	797,3 kJ/mol
polarizability	71,2 ± 0,4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	626 a₀ 629 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0,063
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0001
Kvantarv	1S0
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Magnesium

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	20
Natural Isotopes	3

¹⁹Mg

massiarv	19
neutron number	7
Relative Atomic Mass	19,03417992 ± 0,000064413 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	5 ± 3 ps
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2007
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

²⁰Mg

massiarv	20
neutron number	8
Relative Atomic Mass	20,018763075 ± 0,000002 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	90,4 ± 0,5 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1974
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	30.3%

²¹Mg

massiarv	21
neutron number	9
Relative Atomic Mass	21,011705764 ± 0,00000081 Da
g-factor	−0,3932 ± 0,0028
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	120 ± 0,4 ms
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1963
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	20.1%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.116%
B+pA	0.016%

²²Mg

massiarv	22
neutron number	10
Relative Atomic Mass	21,999570597 ± 0,00000017 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	3,8745 ± 0,0007 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1961
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²³Mg

massiarv	23
neutron number	11
Relative Atomic Mass	22,994123768 ± 0,000000034 Da
g-factor	−0,35753333333333 ± 0,0002
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	11,3039 ± 0,0032 s
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,114 ± 0,003
avastamise aeg	1939
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²⁴Mg

massiarv	24
neutron number	12
Relative Atomic Mass	23,985041689 ± 0,000000013 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	78,965 ± 0,049
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1920
parity	+

²⁵Mg

massiarv	25
neutron number	13
Relative Atomic Mass	24,985836966 ± 0,00000005 Da
g-factor	−0,342132 ± 0,000012
natural abundance	10,011 ± 0,013
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,199 ± 0,002
avastamise aeg	1920
parity	+

²⁶Mg

massiarv	26
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	25,982592972 ± 0,000000031 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	11,025 ± 0,038
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1920
parity	+

²⁷Mg

massiarv	27
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	26,984340647 ± 0,00000005 Da
g-factor	−0,8212 ± 0,003
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	9,435 ± 0,027 m
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1934
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁸Mg

massiarv	28
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	27,983875426 ± 0,00000028 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	20,915 ± 0,009 h
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1953
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁹Mg

massiarv	29
neutron number	17
Relative Atomic Mass	28,988607163 ± 0,000000369 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	1,3 ± 0,12 s
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	−0,16 ± 0,04
avastamise aeg	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁰Mg

massiarv	30
neutron number	18
Relative Atomic Mass	29,990465454 ± 0,00000139 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	317 ± 4 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.06%

³¹Mg

massiarv	31
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	30,996648232 ± 0,0000033 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	270 ± 2 ms
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1977
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.2%

³²Mg

massiarv	32
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	31,999110138 ± 0,0000035 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	80,4 ± 0,4 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1977
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	5.5%

³³Mg

massiarv	33
neutron number	21
Relative Atomic Mass	33,005327862 ± 0,000002859 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	92 ± 1,2 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,13 ± 0,09
avastamise aeg	1979
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	14%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁴Mg

massiarv	34
neutron number	22
Relative Atomic Mass	34,008935455 ± 0,0000074 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	44,9 ± 0,4 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1979
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	21%
2n (2-neutron emission)	0.1%

³⁵Mg

massiarv	35
neutron number	23
Relative Atomic Mass	35,01679 ± 0,0002895 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	11,3 ± 0,6 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1989
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	52%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁶Mg

massiarv	36
neutron number	24
Relative Atomic Mass	36,021879 ± 0,000741 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	3,9 ± 1,3 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1989
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	48%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁷Mg

massiarv	37
neutron number	25
Relative Atomic Mass	37,030286265 ± 0,00075035 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	8 ± 4 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1996
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁸Mg

massiarv	38
neutron number	26
Relative Atomic Mass	38,03658 ± 0,00054 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁹Mg

massiarv	39
neutron number	27
Relative Atomic Mass	39,045921 ± 0,000551 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
n (neutron emission)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

⁴⁰Mg

massiarv	40
neutron number	28
Relative Atomic Mass	40,053194 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2007
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴¹Mg

massiarv	41
neutron number	29
Relative Atomic Mass	41,062373 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

ajalugu

leiutaja või avastaja	Sir Humphrey Davy
location of discovery	England
avastamise aeg	1808
etümoloogia	From Magnesia ancient city in district of Thessaly, Greece.
pronunciation	mag-NEE-zih-em (inglise)

allikas

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	23 300 mg/kg
natural abundance (ookean)	1 290 mg/L
natural abundance (Inimkeha)	0,027 %
natural abundance (meteoorkeha)	12 %
natural abundance (Päike)	0,07 %
Abundance in Universe	0,06 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3911
2	p	4.1742
2	s	4.608
3	s	8.6925

Magneesium on ChemicalAid

Magneesium (Mg)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Keemilised Omadused

teine

Isotopes of Magnesium

19Mg

20Mg

21Mg

22Mg

23Mg

24Mg

25Mg

26Mg

27Mg

28Mg

29Mg

30Mg

31Mg

32Mg

33Mg

34Mg

35Mg

36Mg

37Mg

38Mg

39Mg

40Mg

41Mg

ajalugu

allikas

Nuclear Screening Constants

¹⁹Mg

²⁰Mg

²¹Mg

²²Mg

²³Mg

²⁴Mg

²⁵Mg

²⁶Mg

²⁷Mg

²⁸Mg

²⁹Mg

³⁰Mg

³¹Mg

³²Mg

³³Mg

³⁴Mg

³⁵Mg

³⁶Mg

³⁷Mg

³⁸Mg

³⁹Mg

⁴⁰Mg

⁴¹Mg