Palladium

Palladium (Pd)

grundämne
Atomnummer46
Atommassa106.42
masstal106
Grupp10
Period5
Blockd
Protoner46 p+
Neutroner60 n0
Electrons46 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Pd (Palladium)

Egenskaper

atomradie
140 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie
120 pm
Metallic Radius
128 pm
ionic radius
59 pm
Crystal Radius
73 pm
Van der Waalsradie
210 pm
densitet
energi
proton affinity
696 kJ/mol
Elektronaffinitet
joniseringsenergi
8,33686 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi of Pd (Palladium)
ångbildningsvärme
372,4 kJ/mol
smältvärme
17,24 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi
376,6 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 18, 18
Bohrs atommodell: Pd (Palladium)
valenselektron18
elektronkonfiguration[Kr] 4d10
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Pd (Palladium)
Orbital Diagram of Pd (Palladium)
oxidationstal0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
elektronegativitet
2.2
Electrophilicity
1,273169376998428 eV/particle
Phases
aggregationstillståndFast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt
3 236,15 K
Smältpunkt
1 827,95 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Silver
appearancesilvery white
Brytningsindex
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
71,8 W/(m K)
termisk expansion
0,0000118 1/K
molar heat capacity
25,98 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,246 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
elektrisk konduktivitet
10 MS/m
resistivitet
0,0000001 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
typeparamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
0,0000000657 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
0,000000006992 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
0,0007899
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
KristallstrukturYtcentrerat kubiskt (FCC)
Gitterkonstant
3,89 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
4,75 MPa
Kompressibilitet
180 GPa
skjuvmodul
44 GPa
Young's modulus
121 GPa
Poissons konstant
0,39
ljudhastighet
3 070 m/s
klassificering
KategoriÖvergångsmetaller, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIIIA
IUPAC GroupVIII
Glawe Number65
Mendeleev Number68
Pettifor Number69
Geochemical Classnoble metal
Goldschmidt classificationsiderophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
673,4 kJ/mol
Dipole Polarizability
26,14 ± 0,1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
Allotropes
Träffyta
6,9
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0023
kvanttal1S0
rymdgrupp225 (Fm_3m)

Palladiumisotoper

Stabila isotoper6
Instabila isotoper36
Radioactive Isotopes36

90Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
89,95737 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal90
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2016
Paritet+

90Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%
2p (2-proton emission)%

91Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
90,950435 ± 0,000454 Da
masstal91
g-factor
Halveringstid
32 ± 3 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1995
Paritet+

91Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)3.1%

92Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
91,941192225 ± 0,000370402 Da
masstal92
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
1,06 ± 0,03 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1994
Paritet+

92Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)1.6%

93Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
92,936680426 ± 0,000397221 Da
masstal93
g-factor
Halveringstid
1,17 ± 0,02 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1994
Paritet+

93Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)7.4%

94Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
93,929036286 ± 0,000004602 Da
masstal94
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
9,1 ± 0,3 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1982
Paritet+

94Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.13%

95Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
94,924888506 ± 0,000003253 Da
masstal95
g-factor
Halveringstid
7,4 ± 0,4 s
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1980
Paritet+

95Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.23%

96Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
95,918213739 ± 0,000004502 Da
masstal96
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
122 ± 2 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1980
Paritet+

96Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

97Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
96,916471985 ± 0,0000052 Da
masstal97
g-factor
Halveringstid
3,1 ± 0,09 m
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1969
Paritet+

97Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

98Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
97,912698335 ± 0,00000509 Da
masstal98
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
17,7 ± 0,4 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1955
Paritet+

98Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

99Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
98,911773073 ± 0,000005482 Da
masstal99
g-factor
Halveringstid
21,4 ± 0,2 m
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1955
Paritet

99Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

100Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
99,908520438 ± 0,000018934 Da
masstal100
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
3,63 ± 0,09 d
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1948
Paritet+

100Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

101Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
100,908284824 ± 0,000004925 Da
masstal101
g-factor
0,264 ± 0,008
Halveringstid
8,47 ± 0,06 h
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1948
Paritet+

101Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

102Pd

natural abundance
1,02 ± 0,01
relative atomic mass
101,905632292 ± 0,000000449 Da
masstal102
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

102Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
+ (double β+ decay)%

103Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
102,906111074 ± 0,000000942 Da
masstal103
g-factor
Halveringstid
16,991 ± 0,019 d
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet+

103Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

104Pd

natural abundance
11,14 ± 0,08
relative atomic mass
103,904030393 ± 0,000001434 Da
masstal104
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

105Pd

natural abundance
22,33 ± 0,08
relative atomic mass
104,905079479 ± 0,000001222 Da
masstal105
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,66 ± 0,011
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

106Pd

natural abundance
27,33 ± 0,03
relative atomic mass
105,903480287 ± 0,000001186 Da
masstal106
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

107Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
106,905128058 ± 0,000001289 Da
masstal107
g-factor
Halveringstid
6,5 ± 0,3 My
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1958
Paritet+

107Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

108Pd

natural abundance
26,46 ± 0,09
relative atomic mass
107,903891806 ± 0,000001189 Da
masstal108
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

109Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
108,905950576 ± 0,000001195 Da
masstal109
g-factor
Halveringstid
13,59 ± 0,12 h
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1937
Paritet+

109Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

110Pd

natural abundance
11,72 ± 0,09
relative atomic mass
109,905172878 ± 0,000000657 Da
masstal110
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1935
Paritet+

110Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
(double β decay)%

111Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
110,907690358 ± 0,000000785 Da
masstal111
g-factor
Halveringstid
23,56 ± 0,09 m
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1937
Paritet+

111Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

112Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
111,907330557 ± 0,000007027 Da
masstal112
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
21,04 ± 0,17 h
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1951
Paritet+

112Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

113Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
112,910261912 ± 0,000007458 Da
masstal113
g-factor
Halveringstid
93 ± 5 s
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1954
Paritet+

113Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

114Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
113,91036943 ± 0,000007459 Da
masstal114
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
2,42 ± 0,06 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1958
Paritet+

114Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

115Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
114,913659333 ± 0,000014543 Da
masstal115
g-factor
Halveringstid
25 ± 2 s
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1958
Paritet

115Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

116Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
115,914297872 ± 0,000007659 Da
masstal116
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
11,8 ± 0,4 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1970
Paritet+

116Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

117Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
116,917955584 ± 0,000007788 Da
masstal117
g-factor
Halveringstid
4,3 ± 0,3 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1968
Paritet+

117Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

118Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
117,919067273 ± 0,000002677 Da
masstal118
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
1,9 ± 0,1 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1969
Paritet+

118Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

119Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
118,923341138 ± 0,000008854 Da
masstal119
g-factor
Halveringstid
920 ± 80 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1991
Paritet+

119Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

120Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
119,924551745 ± 0,000002464 Da
masstal120
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
492 ± 33 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1993
Paritet+

120Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.7%

121Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
120,928950342 ± 0,0000036 Da
masstal121
g-factor
Halveringstid
290 ± 1 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1994
Paritet+

121Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.8%

122Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
121,930631693 ± 0,000021 Da
masstal122
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
193 ± 5 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1994
Paritet+

122Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)2.5%

123Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
122,935126 ± 0,0008475 Da
masstal123
g-factor
Halveringstid
108 ± 1 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1994
Paritet+

123Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)10%

124Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
123,937305 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal124
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
88 ± 15 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1997
Paritet+

124Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)17%

125Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
124,942072 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal125
g-factor
Halveringstid
60 ± 6 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2008
Paritet+

125Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)12%

126Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
125,944401 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal126
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
48,6 ± 0,8 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2008
Paritet+

126Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)22%

127Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
126,949307 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal127
g-factor
Halveringstid
38 ± 2 ms
Spinn11/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet-

127Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)19%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

128Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
127,952345 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal128
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
35 ± 3 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet+

128Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

129Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
128,959334 ± 0,000644 Da
masstal129
g-factor
Halveringstid
31 ± 7 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2015
Paritet-

129Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

130Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
129,964863 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal130
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2018
Paritet+

130Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

131Pd

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
130,972367 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal131
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2018
Paritet-

131Pd Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%
Palladium 1-noReflection.jpg

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareWilliam Wollaston
fyndplatsEngland
upptäcktsdatum1803
etymologiNamed after the asteroid, Pallas, discovered in 1803.
uttalpeh-LAY-di-em (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,015 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans
Abundance in Human Body
Abundance in Meteor
0,000066 %
Abundance in Sun
0,0000003 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.9411
2p4.07
2s12.1172
3d14.5489
3p16.9804
3s16.7788
4d32.3824
4p28.2768
4s27.014