Rhenium (Re)

Rhenium is the 75th element in the periodic table and has a symbol of Re and atomic number of 75. It has an atomic weight of 186.207 and a mass number of 187. Rhenium has seventy-five protons and one hundred twelve neutrons in its nucleus, and seventy-five electrons in six shells. It is located in group seven, period six and block d of the periodic table. Silvery-white metallic transition element. Obtained as a by-product of molybdenum refinement. Rhenium-molybdenum alloys are superconducting.

Atomic Number	75
Atomic Weight	186.207
Mass Number	187

Group	7
Period	6
Block	d

Protons	75 p⁺
Neutrons	112 n⁰
Electrons	75 e^-

Properties

Physical Properties
Atomic Radius	135 pm 249 pm
Molar Volume	8.85 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	131 pm 119 pm 110 pm 151 pm
Metallic Radius	128 pm 137 pm
Ionic Radius	63 pm 58 pm 55 pm 38 pm 53 pm
Crystal Radius	77 pm 72 pm 69 pm 52 pm 67 pm
Van der Waals Radius	205 pm 216 pm 237 pm 295.4 pm
Density	20.8 g/cm³ 18,900 kg/m³
Energy
Proton Affinity
Electron Affinity	0.15 eV/particle
Ionization Energy	7.83352 eV/particle 16.6 eV/particle 27 eV/particle 39.1 eV/particle 51.9 eV/particle 67 eV/particle 82.71 eV/particle 144.4 eV/particle 165 eV/particle 187 eV/particle 208 eV/particle 236 eV/particle 268 eV/particle 291 eV/particle 330 eV/particle 377 eV/particle 403 eV/particle 429 eV/particle 476 eV/particle 520 eV/particle 570 eV/particle 620 eV/particle 670 eV/particle 720 eV/particle 760 eV/particle 810 eV/particle 860 eV/particle 910 eV/particle 953 eV/particle 1,194 eV/particle 1,242 eV/particle 1,294 eV/particle 1,349 eV/particle 1,402 eV/particle 1,454 eV/particle 1,530 eV/particle 1,583 eV/particle 1,641 eV/particle 1,696 eV/particle 1,912 eV/particle 1,966 eV/particle 2,025 eV/particle 2,080 eV/particle 2,240 eV/particle 2,302 eV/particle 2,450 eV/particle 2,514.54 eV/particle 4,214 eV/particle 4,335 eV/particle 4,468 eV/particle 4,609 eV/particle 4,745 eV/particle 4,877 eV/particle 5,099 eV/particle 5,236 eV/particle 5,388 eV/particle 5,528 eV/particle 5,919 eV/particle 6,042 eV/particle 6,176 eV/particle 6,300 eV/particle 6,810 eV/particle 6,952 eV/particle 7,230 eV/particle 7,366 eV/particle 16,080 eV/particle 16,410 eV/particle 16,780 eV/particle 17,120 eV/particle 19,000 eV/particle 19,420 eV/particle 19,950 eV/particle 20,297.4 eV/particle 81,556.9 eV/particle 83,162.3 eV/particle

Heat of Vaporization	704 kJ/mol
Heat of Fusion	34 kJ/mol
Heat of Formation	774 kJ/mol
Electrons
Electron Shells	2, 8, 18, 32, 13, 2

Valence Electrons	2
Electron Configuration	[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁵ 6s²

Oxidation States	-3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Electronegativity	9.46 eV/particle 0.2435164 1.9
Electrophilicity	1.0369041726708592 eV/particle
Phases
Phase	Solid
Gas Phase
Boiling Point	5,863.15 K
Melting Point	3,458.15 K
Critical Pressure
Critical Temperature
Triple Point
Visual
Rhenium is a Gray. Re has a CPK of #ff1493, Jmol of #267dab, and MOLCAS GV of #267dab. The Appearance of Element 75 is silvery-grayish.
Color	Gray #ff1493 #267dab #267dab
Appearance	silvery-grayish
Refractive Index
Thermodynamic Properties
Thermal Conductivity	48 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion	0.0000062 1/K
Molar Heat Capacity	25.48 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.137 J/(g⋅K)
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index)
Electrical Properties
Type	Conductor
Electrical Conductivity	5.6 MS/m
Electrical Resistivity	0.00000018 m Ω
Superconducting Point	1.7 K
Magnetism
Type	paramagnetic
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass)	0.00000000456 m³/Kg
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar)	0.000000000849 m³/mol
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume)	0.0000959
Magnetic Ordering
Curie Point
Neel Point
Structure
The Crystal Structure of Rhenium is HEX. The lattice constant of Re is 2.76 Å. The lattice angles of Element 75 are π/2, π/2, 2 π/3.
Crystal Structure	Simple Hexagonal (HEX)
Lattice Constant	2.76 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Mechanical Properties
Rhenium has a Brinell of 1320 MPa, Mohs hardness of 7 MPa, and Vickers of 2450 MPa. The Bulk Modulus of Re is 370 GPa. The Shear Modulus of Element 75 is 178 GPa. The Young Modulus of Rhenium (Re) is 463 GPa. The Poisson Ratio of Rhenium is 0.3. The Speed of Sound of Re is 4700 m/s.
Hardness	1,320 MPa 7 MPa 2,450 MPa
Bulk Modulus	370 GPa
Shear Modulus	178 GPa
Young Modulus	463 GPa
Poisson Ratio	0.3
Speed of Sound	4,700 m/s
Classification
The CAS Group of Rhenium is VIIA. The IUPAC Group of Re is VIIB. The Glawe Number of Element 75 is 58. The Mendeleev Number of Rhenium (Re) is 57. The Pettifor Number of Rhenium is 59. The Goldschmidt Class of Re is siderophile.
Category	Transition metals, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIIA
IUPAC Group	VIIB
Glawe Number	58
Mendeleev Number	57
Pettifor Number	59
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt Class	siderophile
Other
The Dipole Polarizability of Rhenium is 62 plus or minus 3 a₀. Re has a C6 Dispersion Coefficient (GB) of 663 a₀. The Allotropes of Element 75 is . The Neutron Cross Section of Rhenium (Re) is 90. The Neutron Mass Absorption of Rhenium is 0.016. The Quantum Numbers of Re is 6S5/2. The Space Group of Element 75 is 194 (P63/mmc).
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability	62 ± 3 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	663 a₀
Allotropes
Neutron Cross Section	90
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.016
Quantum Numbers	6S5/2
Space Group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Rhenium

Stable Isotopes	2
Unstable Isotopes	39
Radioactive Isotopes	40

¹⁵⁹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	158.984106 ± 0.000327 Da
Mass Number	159
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	2006
Parity	+

¹⁵⁹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
p (proton emission)	%
α (α emission)	%

¹⁶⁰Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	159.98188 ± 0.000322 Da
Mass Number	160
G-Factor
Half Life	611 ± 7 us
Spin	4
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1992
Parity	-

¹⁶⁰Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
p (proton emission)	89%
α (α emission)	11%

¹⁶¹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	160.977624313 ± 0.00016093 Da
Mass Number	161
G-Factor
Half Life	440 ± 1 us
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1979
Parity	+

¹⁶¹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
p (proton emission)	100%
α (α emission)	%

¹⁶²Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	161.975896 ± 0.000215 Da
Mass Number	162
G-Factor
Half Life	107 ± 13 ms
Spin	2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1979
Parity

¹⁶²Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	94%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁶³Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	162.972085434 ± 0.000019897 Da
Mass Number	163
G-Factor
Half Life	390 ± 70 ms
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1979
Parity	+

¹⁶³Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%
α (α emission)	32%

¹⁶⁴Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	163.970507122 ± 0.000058566 Da
Mass Number	164
G-Factor
Half Life	719 ± 89 ms
Spin	2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1979
Parity

¹⁶⁴Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁶⁵Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	164.967085831 ± 0.000025328 Da
Mass Number	165
G-Factor
Half Life	1.6 ± 0.6 s
Spin	1/2
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1981
Parity	+

¹⁶⁵Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	86%
α (α emission)	14%

¹⁶⁶Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	165.965821216 ± 0.000094731 Da
Mass Number	166
G-Factor
Half Life	2.25 ± 0.21 s
Spin	7
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1978
Parity	+

¹⁶⁶Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	88%
α (α emission)	12%

¹⁶⁷Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	166.962604 ± 0.000043 Da
Mass Number	167
G-Factor
Half Life	3.4 ± 0.4 s
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1992
Parity	-

¹⁶⁷Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

¹⁶⁸Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	167.961572607 ± 0.000033087 Da
Mass Number	168
G-Factor
Half Life	4.4 ± 0.1 s
Spin	7
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1992
Parity	+

¹⁶⁸Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.005%

¹⁶⁹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	168.958765979 ± 0.000012204 Da
Mass Number	169
G-Factor
Half Life	8.1 ± 0.5 s
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1978
Parity	-

¹⁶⁹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%
α (α emission)	0.005%

¹⁷⁰Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	169.958234844 ± 0.000012267 Da
Mass Number	170
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	8
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1974
Parity	-

¹⁷⁰Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷¹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	170.955716 ± 0.00003 Da
Mass Number	171
G-Factor
Half Life	15.2 ± 0.4 s
Spin	9/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1987
Parity	-

¹⁷¹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷²Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	171.955376165 ± 0.000038183 Da
Mass Number	172
G-Factor
Half Life	55 ± 5 s
Spin	2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1977
Parity	+

¹⁷²Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷³Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	172.953243 ± 0.00003 Da
Mass Number	173
G-Factor
Half Life	2 ± 0.3 m
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1986
Parity	-

¹⁷³Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁴Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	173.953115 ± 0.00003 Da
Mass Number	174
G-Factor
Half Life	2.4 ± 0.04 m
Spin	3
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1972
Parity	+

¹⁷⁴Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁵Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	174.951381 ± 0.00003 Da
Mass Number	175
G-Factor
Half Life	5.89 ± 0.05 m
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1967
Parity	-

¹⁷⁵Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁶Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	175.951623 ± 0.00003 Da
Mass Number	176
G-Factor
Half Life	5.3 ± 0.3 m
Spin	3
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1967
Parity	+

¹⁷⁶Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁷Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	176.950328 ± 0.00003 Da
Mass Number	177
G-Factor
Half Life	14 ± 1 m
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1957
Parity	-

¹⁷⁷Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁸Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	177.950989 ± 0.00003 Da
Mass Number	178
G-Factor
Half Life	13.2 ± 0.2 m
Spin	3
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1957
Parity	+

¹⁷⁸Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁷⁹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	178.949989686 ± 0.00002645 Da
Mass Number	179
G-Factor	1.12 ± 0.16
Half Life	19.5 ± 0.1 m
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1960
Parity	+

¹⁷⁹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁸⁰Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	179.950791568 ± 0.000022965 Da
Mass Number	180
G-Factor	1.6 ± 0.2
Half Life	2.46 ± 0.03 m
Spin	1
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1955
Parity

¹⁸⁰Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁸¹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	180.950061507 ± 0.000013471 Da
Mass Number	181
G-Factor	1.276 ± 0.028
Half Life	19.9 ± 0.7 h
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1957
Parity	+

¹⁸¹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁸²Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	181.95121156 ± 0.000109483 Da
Mass Number	182
G-Factor	0.40571428571429 ± 0.0085714285714286
Half Life	64.2 ± 0.5 h
Spin	7
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1950
Parity	+

¹⁸²Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁸³Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	182.950821306 ± 0.000008625 Da
Mass Number	183
G-Factor	1.2632 ± 0.006
Half Life	70 ± 1.4 d
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1950
Parity	+

¹⁸³Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

¹⁸⁴Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	183.952528073 ± 0.00000459 Da
Mass Number	184
G-Factor	0.84333333333333 ± 0.016666666666667
Half Life	35.4 ± 0.7 d
Spin	3
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1940
Parity	-

¹⁸⁴Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹⁸⁵Re

Abundance	37.4 ± 0.05
Relative Atomic Mass	184.95295832 ± 0.000000879 Da
Mass Number	185
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	2.07 ± 0.05
Discovery Year	1931
Parity	+

¹⁸⁶Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	185.954989172 ± 0.00000088 Da
Mass Number	186
G-Factor	1.734 ± 0.003
Half Life	3.7185 ± 0.0005 d
Spin	1
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1939
Parity	-

¹⁸⁶Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	92.53%
ϵ (electron capture)	7.47%

¹⁸⁷Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️ 62.6 ± 0.05
Relative Atomic Mass	186.955752217 ± 0.000000791 Da
Mass Number	187
G-Factor
Half Life	41.6 ± 0.02 Gy
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment	1.94 ± 0.05
Discovery Year	1931
Parity	+

¹⁸⁷Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
α (α emission)	0%

¹⁸⁸Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	187.958113658 ± 0.000000792 Da
Mass Number	188
G-Factor	1.783 ± 0.005
Half Life	17.005 ± 0.003 h
Spin	1
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1939
Parity	-

¹⁸⁸Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁸⁹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	188.959227764 ± 0.000008793 Da
Mass Number	189
G-Factor
Half Life	24.3 ± 0.4 h
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1963
Parity	+

¹⁸⁹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹⁰Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	189.961800064 ± 0.000005227 Da
Mass Number	190
G-Factor
Half Life	3 ± 0.2 m
Spin	2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1955
Parity

¹⁹⁰Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹¹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	190.963123322 ± 0.000011019 Da
Mass Number	191
G-Factor
Half Life	9.8 ± 0.5 m
Spin	3/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1963
Parity	+

¹⁹¹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹²Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	191.966088 ± 0.000076 Da
Mass Number	192
G-Factor	0
Half Life	15.4 ± 0.5 s
Spin	0
Quadrupole Moment	0
Discovery Year	1965
Parity	-

¹⁹²Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹³Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	192.967545 ± 0.000042 Da
Mass Number	193
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1999
Parity	+

¹⁹³Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%

¹⁹⁴Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	193.970735 ± 0.000215 Da
Mass Number	194
G-Factor
Half Life	5 ± 1 s
Spin	1
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	1999
Parity	-

¹⁹⁴Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹⁵Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	194.97256 ± 0.000322 Da
Mass Number	195
G-Factor
Half Life	6 ± 1 s
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2008
Parity	+

¹⁹⁵Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁹⁶Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	195.975996 ± 0.000322 Da
Mass Number	196
G-Factor
Half Life	2.4 ± 1.5 s
Spin
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2008
Parity

¹⁹⁶Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%

¹⁹⁷Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	196.978153 ± 0.000322 Da
Mass Number	197
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2009
Parity	+

¹⁹⁷Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%

¹⁹⁸Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	197.98176 ± 0.000429 Da
Mass Number	198
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2009
Parity

¹⁹⁸Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%

¹⁹⁹Re

Abundance	Radioactive ☢️
Relative Atomic Mass	198.984187 ± 0.000429 Da
Mass Number	199
G-Factor
Half Life
Spin	5/2
Quadrupole Moment
Discovery Year	2012
Parity	+

¹⁹⁹Re Decay Modes

Decay Mode	Intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%

History

In 1908, Japanese chemist Masataka Ogawa announced that he discovered the 43rd element. However, later analysis indicated the presence of rhenium (element 75), not element 43. In 1922, Walter Noddack, Ida Eva Tacke and Otto Berg announced its separation from gadolinite and gave it the present name. From the Latin word Rhenus meaning Rhine

Discoverers	Walter Noddack, Ida Tacke, Otto Berg
Discovery Location	Germany
Discovery Year	1925
Etymology (Name Origin)	Latin: Rhenus, the Rhine River.
Pronunciation	REE-ni-em (English)

Very little is known about the toxicity of rhenium

Chile has the world's largest rhenium reserves

Uses

Rhenium is widely used as filaments for mass spectrographs and ion gauges. It is also used with platinum as catalysts in the production of lead-free, high-octane gasoline. Nickel-based superalloys of rhenium are used in the combustion chambers, turbine blades, and exhaust nozzles of jet engines. Mixed with tungsten or platinum to make filaments for mass spectrographs. Its main value is as a trace alloying agent for hardening metal components that are subjected to continuous frictional forces.

Sources

Found in small amounts in gadolinite and molybdenite. Has a very high melting point.

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	0.0007 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans	0.000004 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
Abundance in Meteor	0.0000049 %
Abundance in Sun	0.00000001 %
Abundance in Universe	0.00000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	1.4522
2	p	4.438
2	s	19.5902
3	d	13.5453
3	p	21.5655
3	s	22.3515
4	d	36.9456
4	f	39.0752
4	p	34.6268
4	s	33.6436
5	d	57.617
5	p	52.856
5	s	50.643
6	s	64.884

Rhenium on ChemicalAid

Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3566
BNCF Thesaurus ID	3893
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	rhenium
CAS Registry Number	7440-15-5
CPV Supplementary	AA42
ChEBI ID	49882
ChemSpider ID	22388
Common Procurement Vocabulary	14793000
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID7047649
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID9064685
Den Store Danske ID	rhenium
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.294
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/rhenium
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	rhenium
Freebase ID	/m/025scmg
French Vikidia ID	Rhénium
GND ID	4177995-2
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	3505657
InChI	InChI=1S/Re
InChIKey	WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Rhenium
Krugosvet article	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/RENI.html
Library of Congress authority ID	sh85113607
MeSH descriptor ID	D012211
NDL Authority ID	00569408
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007536457405171
OmegaWiki Defined Meaning	348371
OpenAlex ID	C505216180
PDB ligand ID	RE
PDB structure ID	1B0Q
PDB structure ID	5K1N
PDB structure ID	5K1J
PDB structure ID	3KAM
PSH ID	5774
PubChem CID	23947
Quora topic ID	Rhenium
RxNorm ID	1667763
Römpp online ID	RD-18-01202
Store norske leksikon ID	rhenium
Treccani ID	renio
UNII	7YHU292INY
USGS Thesaurus ID	1558
Wolfram Language entity code	Entity["Mineral", "Rhenium"]
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14676569-n
YSO ID	39073
ZVG number	7750

Rhenium (Re)

Properties

Isotopes of Rhenium

159Re

159Re Decay Modes

160Re

160Re Decay Modes

161Re

161Re Decay Modes

162Re

162Re Decay Modes

163Re

163Re Decay Modes

164Re

164Re Decay Modes

165Re

165Re Decay Modes

166Re

166Re Decay Modes

167Re

167Re Decay Modes

168Re

168Re Decay Modes

169Re

169Re Decay Modes

170Re

170Re Decay Modes

171Re

171Re Decay Modes

172Re

172Re Decay Modes

173Re

173Re Decay Modes

174Re

174Re Decay Modes

175Re

175Re Decay Modes

176Re

176Re Decay Modes

177Re

177Re Decay Modes

178Re

178Re Decay Modes

179Re

179Re Decay Modes

180Re

180Re Decay Modes

181Re

181Re Decay Modes

182Re

182Re Decay Modes

183Re

183Re Decay Modes

184Re

184Re Decay Modes

185Re

186Re

186Re Decay Modes

187Re

187Re Decay Modes

188Re

188Re Decay Modes

189Re

189Re Decay Modes

190Re

190Re Decay Modes

191Re

191Re Decay Modes

192Re

192Re Decay Modes

193Re

193Re Decay Modes

194Re

194Re Decay Modes

195Re

195Re Decay Modes

196Re

196Re Decay Modes

197Re

197Re Decay Modes