Atomic Number | 44 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 101.07 |
mass number | 102 |
Group | 8 |
---|---|
Period | 5 |
Block | d |
Протон | 44 p+ |
---|---|
Нейтрон | 58 n0 |
Электрон | 44 e- |
Атомдук Радиус | 130 pm
|
---|---|
molar volume | 8,3 cm³/mol
|
covalent radius | 125 pm
|
Metallic Radius | 125 pm
|
ionic radius | 68 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 82 pm
|
Van der Waals radius | 213 pm
|
density | 12,1 g/cm³
|
энергия | |
---|---|
proton affinity | 774 kJ/mol
|
electron affinity | 1,05 eV/particle
|
ionization energy | 7,3605 eV/particle
|
enthalpy of vaporization | |
enthalpy of fusion | 25,5 kJ/mol
|
standard enthalpy of formation | 650,6 kJ/mol
|
Электрон | |
electron shell | 2, 8, 18, 15, 1 |
valence electron | 1 ⓘ |
electron configuration | [Kr] 4d7 5s1ⓘ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d7 5s1 |
oxidation number | -4, -2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 |
electronegativity | 2.2
|
Electrophilicity Index | 1,4011669093178039 eV/particle
|
fundamental state of matter | |
phase of matter | Solid |
gaseous state of matter | |
Boiling Point | 4 420,15 K
|
Melting Point | 2 606,15 K
|
critical pressure | |
critical temperature | |
triple point | |
appearance | |
Түс – | Silver
|
appearance | silvery white metallic |
refractive index | |
thermodynamic material property | |
Thermal Conductivity | 117 W/(m K)
|
thermal expansion | 0,0000064 1/K
|
molar heat capacity | 24,06 J/(mol K)
|
Specific Heat Capacity | 0,238 J/(g⋅K)
|
heat capacity ratio | |
electrical properties | |
type | Conductor |
electrical conductivity | 14 MS/m
|
electrical resistivity | 0,00000007000000000002 m Ω
|
superconductivity | 0,49 K
|
Магнетизм | |
type | paramagnetic |
magnetic susceptibility (Mass) | 0,00000000542 m³/Kg
|
magnetic susceptibility (Molar) | 0,000000000548 m³/mol
|
magnetic susceptibility (Volume) | 0,000067
|
magnetic ordering | |
Curie temperature | |
Néel temperature | |
түзүм | |
Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal (HEX) |
lattice constant | 2,7 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
mechanical property | |
hardness | 6,5 MPa
|
bulk modulus | 220 GPa
|
shear modulus | 173 GPa
|
Young's modulus | 447 GPa
|
Poisson's ratio | 0,3
|
speed of sound | 5 970 m/s
|
classification | |
Category | Transition metals, Transition metals |
CAS Group | VIIIA |
IUPAC Group | VIII |
Glawe Number | 61 |
Mendeleev Number | 60 |
Pettifor Number | 63 |
Geochemical Class | noble metal |
Литофиль элементтери | siderophile |
Stable Isotopes | 5 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 36 |
Natural Isotopes | 7 |
mass number | 85 |
---|---|
neutron number | 41 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | |
Спин | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 2013 |
parity | - |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | |
p (proton emission) |
mass number | 86 |
---|---|
neutron number | 42 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | |
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 2013 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
mass number | 87 |
---|---|
neutron number | 43 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | |
Спин | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1995 |
parity | - |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
mass number | 88 |
---|---|
neutron number | 44 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 1,5 ± 0,3 s
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1994 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 3.6% |
mass number | 89 |
---|---|
neutron number | 45 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 1,32 ± 0,03 s
|
Спин | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1992 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 3.1% |
mass number | 90 |
---|---|
neutron number | 46 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 11,7 ± 0,9 s
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1991 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
mass number | 91 |
---|---|
neutron number | 47 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 8 ± 0,4 s
|
Спин | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1983 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
mass number | 92 |
---|---|
neutron number | 48 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 3,65 ± 0,05 m
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1971 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
mass number | 93 |
---|---|
neutron number | 49 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 59,7 ± 0,6 s
|
Спин | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1972 |
parity |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
mass number | 94 |
---|---|
neutron number | 50 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 51,8 ± 0,6 m
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1952 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
mass number | 95 |
---|---|
neutron number | 51 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0,3444 ± 0,0028
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 1,607 ± 0,004 h
|
Спин | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1948 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
mass number | 96 |
---|---|
neutron number | 52 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 5,54 ± 0,14
|
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | |
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1931 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
2β+ (double β+ decay) |
mass number | 97 |
---|---|
neutron number | 53 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0,3148 ± 0,0032
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 2,837 ± 0,0014 d
|
Спин | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1946 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
mass number | 98 |
---|---|
neutron number | 54 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 1,87 ± 0,03
|
Радиоактивдүүлүк | stable isotope |
half-life | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1944 |
parity | + |
mass number | 99 |
---|---|
neutron number | 55 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | -0,2564 ± 0,002
|
natural abundance | 12,76 ± 0,14
|
Радиоактивдүүлүк | stable isotope |
half-life | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Спин | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,079 ± 0,004
|
time of discovery or invention | 1931 |
parity | + |
mass number | 100 |
---|---|
neutron number | 56 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 12,6 ± 0,07
|
Радиоактивдүүлүк | stable isotope |
half-life | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1931 |
parity | + |
mass number | 101 |
---|---|
neutron number | 57 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | -0,2872 ± 0,0024
|
natural abundance | 17,06 ± 0,02
|
Радиоактивдүүлүк | stable isotope |
half-life | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Спин | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,46 ± 0,02
|
time of discovery or invention | 1931 |
parity | + |
mass number | 102 |
---|---|
neutron number | 58 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 31,55 ± 0,14
|
Радиоактивдүүлүк | stable isotope |
half-life | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1931 |
parity | + |
mass number | 103 |
---|---|
neutron number | 59 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0,13733333333333 ± 0,002
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 39,245 ± 0,008 d
|
Спин | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,62 ± 0,02
|
time of discovery or invention | 1945 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 104 |
---|---|
neutron number | 60 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 18,62 ± 0,27
|
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | |
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1931 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
2β− (double β− decay) |
mass number | 105 |
---|---|
neutron number | 61 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0,2 ± 0,13333333333333
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 4,439 ± 0,011 h
|
Спин | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1945 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 106 |
---|---|
neutron number | 62 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 371,8 ± 1,8 d
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1948 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 107 |
---|---|
neutron number | 63 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 3,75 ± 0,05 m
|
Спин | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1951 |
parity |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 108 |
---|---|
neutron number | 64 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 4,55 ± 0,05 m
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1955 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 109 |
---|---|
neutron number | 65 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 34,4 ± 0,2 s
|
Спин | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1967 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 110 |
---|---|
neutron number | 66 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 12,04 ± 0,17 s
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1970 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 111 |
---|---|
neutron number | 67 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 2,12 ± 0,07 s
|
Спин | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1971 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 112 |
---|---|
neutron number | 68 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 1,75 ± 0,07 s
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1970 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 113 |
---|---|
neutron number | 69 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 800 ± 50 ms
|
Спин | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1988 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
mass number | 114 |
---|---|
neutron number | 70 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 540 ± 30 ms
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1991 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
mass number | 115 |
---|---|
neutron number | 71 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 318 ± 19 ms
|
Спин | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1992 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
mass number | 116 |
---|---|
neutron number | 72 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 204 ± 6 ms
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1994 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
mass number | 117 |
---|---|
neutron number | 73 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 151 ± 3 ms
|
Спин | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1994 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
mass number | 118 |
---|---|
neutron number | 74 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 99 ± 3 ms
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 1994 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
mass number | 119 |
---|---|
neutron number | 75 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 69,5 ± 2 ms
|
Спин | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 1997 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
mass number | 120 |
---|---|
neutron number | 76 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 45 ± 2 ms
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
mass number | 121 |
---|---|
neutron number | 77 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 29 ± 2 ms
|
Спин | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
mass number | 122 |
---|---|
neutron number | 78 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 25 ± 1 ms
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
mass number | 123 |
---|---|
neutron number | 79 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 19 ± 2 ms
|
Спин | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
mass number | 124 |
---|---|
neutron number | 80 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | 15 ± 3 ms
|
Спин | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
time of discovery or invention | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
mass number | 125 |
---|---|
neutron number | 81 |
relative atomic mass | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Радиоактивдүүлүк | ☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер — |
half-life | |
Спин | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
time of discovery or invention | 2018 |
parity | + |
decay mode | intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
discoverer or inventor | Karl Klaus |
---|---|
location of discovery | Russia |
time of discovery or invention | 1844 |
Этимология | Latin: Ruthenia (Russia). |
pronunciation | roo-THE-ni-em (англисче) |
1 | s | 0.9077 |
2 | p | 4.0492 |
2 | s | 11.6202 |
3 | d | 14.6411 |
3 | p | 16.7789 |
3 | s | 16.3988 |
4 | d | 31.1872 |
4 | p | 27.5652 |
4 | s | 26.344 |
5 | s | 37.5155 |