Atomic Number | 44 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 101.07 |
Nombor jisim | 102 |
Group | 8 |
---|---|
Period | 5 |
Block | d |
proton | 44 p+ |
---|---|
neutron | 58 n0 |
Elektron | 44 e- |
Jejari Atom | 130 pm
|
---|---|
molar volume | 8.3 cm³/mol
|
Jejari kovalen | 125 pm
|
Metallic Radius | 125 pm
|
ionic radius | 68 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 82 pm
|
Jejari van der Waals | 213 pm
|
ketumpatan | 12.1 g/cm³
|
tenaga | |
---|---|
proton affinity | 774 kJ/mol
|
Pertalian elektron | 1.05 eV/particle
|
ionization energy | 7.3605 eV/particle
|
Entalpi pengewapan | |
entalpi pelakuran | 25.5 kJ/mol
|
standard enthalpy of formation | 650.6 kJ/mol
|
Elektron | |
Petala elektron | 2, 8, 18, 15, 1 |
Elektron valens | 1 ⓘ |
tatarajah elektron | [Kr] 4d7 5s1ⓘ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d7 5s1 |
Keadaan pengoksidaan | -4, -2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 |
Keelektronegatifan | 2.2
|
Electrophilicity Index | 1.4011669093178039 eV/particle
|
keadaan jirim asas | |
fasa jirim | Solid |
gaseous state of matter | |
Boiling Point | 4,420.15 K
|
Melting Point | 2,606.15 K
|
critical pressure | |
critical temperature | |
triple point | |
rupa | |
warna | Silver
|
rupa | silvery white metallic |
indeks biasan | |
sifat bahan | |
Thermal Conductivity | 117 W/(m K)
|
Pengembangan terma | 0.0000064 1/K
|
molar heat capacity | 24.06 J/(mol K)
|
Specific Heat Capacity | 0.238 J/(g⋅K)
|
heat capacity ratio | |
electrical properties | |
type | Conductor |
Kekonduksian elektrik | 14 MS/m
|
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik | 0.00000007000000000002 m Ω
|
Kesuperkonduksian | 0.49 K
|
kemagnetan | |
type | paramagnetic |
magnetic susceptibility (Mass) | 0.00000000542 m³/Kg
|
magnetic susceptibility (Molar) | 0.000000000548 m³/mol
|
magnetic susceptibility (Volume) | 0.000067
|
magnetic ordering | |
Suhu Curie | |
Néel temperature | |
struktur | |
Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal (HEX) |
lattice constant | 2.7 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
mechanical property | |
hardness | 6.5 MPa
|
Modulus pukal | 220 GPa
|
shear modulus | 173 GPa
|
Young's modulus | 447 GPa
|
Nisbah Poisson | 0.3
|
Kelajuan bunyi | 5,970 m/s
|
pengelasan | |
Category | Transition metals, Transition metals |
CAS Group | VIIIA |
IUPAC Group | VIII |
Glawe Number | 61 |
Mendeleev Number | 60 |
Pettifor Number | 63 |
Geochemical Class | noble metal |
Goldschmidt classification | siderophile |
Stable Isotopes | 5 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 36 |
Natural Isotopes | 7 |
Nombor jisim | 85 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 41 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | |
Spin | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 2013 |
parity | - |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | |
p (proton emission) |
Nombor jisim | 86 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 42 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | |
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 2013 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
Nombor jisim | 87 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 43 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | |
Spin | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1995 |
parity | - |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
Nombor jisim | 88 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 44 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 1.5 ± 0.3 s
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1994 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 3.6% |
Nombor jisim | 89 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 45 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 1.32 ± 0.03 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1992 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 3.1% |
Nombor jisim | 90 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 46 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 11.7 ± 0.9 s
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1991 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 91 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 47 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 8 ± 0.4 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1983 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) |
Nombor jisim | 92 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 48 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 3.65 ± 0.05 m
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1971 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 93 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 49 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 59.7 ± 0.6 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1972 |
parity |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 94 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 50 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 51.8 ± 0.6 m
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1952 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 95 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 51 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0.3444 ± 0.0028
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 1.607 ± 0.004 h
|
Spin | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1948 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 96 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 52 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 5.54 ± 0.14
|
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | |
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1931 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
2β+ (double β+ decay) |
Nombor jisim | 97 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 53 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0.3148 ± 0.0032
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 2.837 ± 0.0014 d
|
Spin | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1946 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 98 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 54 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 1.87 ± 0.03
|
Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1944 |
parity | + |
Nombor jisim | 99 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 55 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | -0.2564 ± 0.002
|
natural abundance | 12.76 ± 0.14
|
Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Spin | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0.079 ± 0.004
|
tarikh penemuan | 1931 |
parity | + |
Nombor jisim | 100 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 56 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 12.6 ± 0.07
|
Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1931 |
parity | + |
Nombor jisim | 101 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 57 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | -0.2872 ± 0.0024
|
natural abundance | 17.06 ± 0.02
|
Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Spin | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0.46 ± 0.02
|
tarikh penemuan | 1931 |
parity | + |
Nombor jisim | 102 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 58 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 31.55 ± 0.14
|
Reputan radioaktif | Isotop stabil |
setengah hayat | Not Radioactive ☢️ |
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1931 |
parity | + |
Nombor jisim | 103 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 59 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0.13733333333333 ± 0.002
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 39.245 ± 0.008 d
|
Spin | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0.62 ± 0.02
|
tarikh penemuan | 1945 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 104 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 60 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | 18.62 ± 0.27
|
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | |
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1931 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
2β− (double β− decay) |
Nombor jisim | 105 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 61 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0.2 ± 0.13333333333333
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 4.439 ± 0.011 h
|
Spin | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1945 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 106 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 62 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 371.8 ± 1.8 d
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1948 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 107 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 63 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 3.75 ± 0.05 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1951 |
parity |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 108 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 64 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 4.55 ± 0.05 m
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1955 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 109 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 65 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 34.4 ± 0.2 s
|
Spin | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1967 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 110 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 66 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 12.04 ± 0.17 s
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1970 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 111 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 67 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 2.12 ± 0.07 s
|
Spin | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1971 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 112 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 68 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 1.75 ± 0.07 s
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1970 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 113 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 69 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 800 ± 50 ms
|
Spin | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1988 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Nombor jisim | 114 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 70 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 540 ± 30 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1991 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 115 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 71 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 318 ± 19 ms
|
Spin | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1992 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 116 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 72 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 204 ± 6 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1994 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 117 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 73 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 151 ± 3 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1994 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 118 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 74 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 99 ± 3 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 1994 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 119 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 75 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 69.5 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 1997 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 120 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 76 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 45 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 121 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 77 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 29 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 122 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 78 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 25 ± 1 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 123 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 79 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 19 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 124 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 80 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | 0
|
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | 15 ± 3 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
tarikh penemuan | 2010 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
Nombor jisim | 125 |
---|---|
nombor neutron | 81 |
jisim atom relatif | |
g-factor | |
natural abundance | |
Reputan radioaktif | ☢️ radioactive element |
setengah hayat | |
Spin | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
tarikh penemuan | 2018 |
parity | + |
decay mode | Keamatan (fizik) |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | |
2n (2-neutron emission) |
penemu atau pereka | Karl Klaus |
---|---|
tempat penemuan | Russia |
tarikh penemuan | 1844 |
Etimologi | Latin: Ruthenia (Russia). |
sebutan | roo-THE-ni-em (Inggeris) |
1 | s | 0.9077 |
2 | p | 4.0492 |
2 | s | 11.6202 |
3 | d | 14.6411 |
3 | p | 16.7789 |
3 | s | 16.3988 |
4 | d | 31.1872 |
4 | p | 27.5652 |
4 | s | 26.344 |
5 | s | 37.5155 |