Selen

Selen (Se)

grundämne
Atomnummer34
Atommassa78.971
masstal80
Grupp16
Period4
Blockp
Protoner34 p+
Neutroner46 n0
Electrons34 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Se (Selen)

Egenskaper

fysisk egenskap
atomradie
115 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie
116 pm
Metallic Radius
117 pm
ionic radius
198 pm
Crystal Radius
184 pm
Van der Waalsradie
190 pm
densitet
4,809 g/cm³
energi
proton affinity
Elektronaffinitet
2,02067 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi
9,752392 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi of Se (Selen)
ångbildningsvärme
59,7 kJ/mol
smältvärme
5,23 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi
227,2 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 18, 6
Bohrs atommodell: Se (Selen)
valenselektron6
Elektronformel: Se (Selen)
elektronkonfiguration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Se (Selen)
Orbital Diagram of Se (Selen)
oxidationstal-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
elektronegativitet
2.55
Electrophilicity
2,2408492709619536 eV/particle
Phases
aggregationstillståndFast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt
958,15 K
Smältpunkt
453,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
1 766,15 K
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Grå
appearanceblack, red, and gray (not pictured) allotropes
Brytningsindex
1,000895
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
0,52 W/(m K)
termisk expansion
molar heat capacity
25,363 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,321 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type
elektrisk konduktivitet
resistivitet
supraledare
magnetism
typediamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
−0,000000004 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
−0,000000000316 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
−0,0000193
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
KristallstrukturEnkelt monoklint (HEX)
Gitterkonstant
4,36 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, 1.58493, π/2
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
2 MPa
Kompressibilitet
8,3 GPa
skjuvmodul
3,7 GPa
Young's modulus
10 GPa
Poissons konstant
0,33
ljudhastighet
3 350 m/s
klassificering
KategoriIcke-metaller, Nonmetals
CAS GroupVIB
IUPAC GroupVIA
Glawe Number95
Mendeleev Number101
Pettifor Number93
Geochemical Classsemi-volatile
Goldschmidt classificationchalcophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability
28,9 ± 1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
210 a₀
AllotropesAmorphous Red Selenium, Amorphous Black Selenium, Monoclinic Selenium, Hexagonal Selenium
Träffyta
11,7
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,0056
kvanttal3P2
rymdgrupp14 (P121/c1)

Selenisotoper

Stabila isotoper6
Instabila isotoper27
Radioactive Isotopes28

63Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
62,981911 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal63
g-factor
Halveringstid
13,2 ± 3,9 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2016
Paritet-

63Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)89%
2p (2-proton emission)0.5%

64Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
63,971165 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal64
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
22,6 ± 0,2 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum2005
Paritet+

64Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%

65Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
64,964552 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal65
g-factor
Halveringstid
34,2 ± 0,7 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1993
Paritet-

65Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)87%

66Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
65,955276 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal66
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
54 ± 4 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1993
Paritet+

66Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%

67Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
66,949994 ± 0,000072 Da
masstal67
g-factor
Halveringstid
133 ± 4 ms
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1991
Paritet-

67Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.5%

68Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
67,941825236 ± 0,000000532 Da
masstal68
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
35,5 ± 0,7 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1990
Paritet+

68Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

69Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
68,939414845 ± 0,000001599 Da
masstal69
g-factor
Halveringstid
27,4 ± 0,2 s
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1974
Paritet-

69Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.052%

70Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
69,933515521 ± 0,0000017 Da
masstal70
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
41,1 ± 0,3 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet+

70Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

71Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
70,932209431 ± 0,000003 Da
masstal71
g-factor
Halveringstid
4,74 ± 0,05 m
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1957
Paritet-

71Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

72Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
71,927140506 ± 0,0000021 Da
masstal72
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
8,4 ± 0,08 d
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1948
Paritet+

72Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

73Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
72,926754881 ± 0,000007969 Da
masstal73
g-factor
0,19822222222222 ± 0,0028888888888889
Halveringstid
7,15 ± 0,09 h
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1948
Paritet+

73Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

74Se

natural abundance
0,86 ± 0,03
relative atomic mass
73,922475933 ± 0,000000015 Da
masstal74
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1922
Paritet+

74Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
+ (double β+ decay)%

75Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
74,92252287 ± 0,000000078 Da
masstal75
g-factor
0,2732 ± 0,004
Halveringstid
119,78 ± 0,03 d
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,1 ± 0,2
upptäcktsdatum1947
Paritet+

75Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

76Se

natural abundance
9,23 ± 0,07
relative atomic mass
75,919213702 ± 0,000000017 Da
masstal76
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1922
Paritet+

77Se

natural abundance
7,6 ± 0,07
relative atomic mass
76,91991415 ± 0,000000067 Da
masstal77
g-factor
1,06712 ± 0,0001
Halveringstid
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1922
Paritet-

78Se

natural abundance
23,69 ± 0,22
relative atomic mass
77,917309244 ± 0,000000191 Da
masstal78
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1922
Paritet+

79Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
78,918499252 ± 0,000000238 Da
masstal79
g-factor
−0,29085714285714 ± 0,0042857142857143
Halveringstid
327 ± 28 ky
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,8 ± 0,2
upptäcktsdatum1950
Paritet+

79Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

80Se

natural abundance
49,8 ± 0,36
relative atomic mass
79,916521761 ± 0,000001016 Da
masstal80
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1922
Paritet+

80Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
(double β decay)%

81Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
80,917993019 ± 0,000001049 Da
masstal81
g-factor
Halveringstid
18,45 ± 0,12 m
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1948
Paritet-

81Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

82Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
8,82 ± 0,15
relative atomic mass
81,916699531 ± 0,0000005 Da
masstal82
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
87,6 ± 1,5 Ey
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1922
Paritet+

82Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
(double β decay)100%

83Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
82,919118604 ± 0,000003259 Da
masstal83
g-factor
Halveringstid
22,25 ± 0,04 m
Spinn9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1937
Paritet+

83Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

84Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
83,918466761 ± 0,000002105 Da
masstal84
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
3,26 ± 0,1 m
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1960
Paritet+

84Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

85Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
84,922260758 ± 0,000002804 Da
masstal85
g-factor
Halveringstid
32,9 ± 0,3 s
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1960
Paritet

85Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

86Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
85,924311732 ± 0,000002705 Da
masstal86
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
14,3 ± 0,3 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1973
Paritet+

86Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

87Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
86,928688616 ± 0,000002405 Da
masstal87
g-factor
Halveringstid
5,5 ± 0,06 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1968
Paritet+

87Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.6%

88Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
87,93141749 ± 0,000003604 Da
masstal88
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
1,53 ± 0,06 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1970
Paritet+

88Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.99%

89Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
88,936669058 ± 0,000004003 Da
masstal89
g-factor
Halveringstid
430 ± 50 ms
Spinn5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet+

89Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)7.8%

90Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
89,940096 ± 0,000354 Da
masstal90
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
210 ± 80 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1994
Paritet+

90Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

91Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
90,9457 ± 0,000465 Da
masstal91
g-factor
Halveringstid
270 ± 50 ms
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1975
Paritet+

91Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)21%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

92Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
91,94984 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal92
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1997
Paritet+

92Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

93Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
92,956135 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal93
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1997
Paritet+

93Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

94Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
93,96049 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal94
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1997
Paritet+

94Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

95Se

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
94,9673 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal95
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet+

95Se Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%
Selen 1

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareJöns Berzelius
fyndplatsSweden
upptäcktsdatum1818
etymologiGreek: selênê (moon).
uttalsi-LEE-ni-em (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,05 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans
0,0002 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
0,000005 %
Abundance in Meteor
0,0013 %
Abundance in Sun
Abundance in Universe
0,000003 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.7378
2p3.9348
2s9.1116
3d15.523
3p15.295
3s14.5966
4p25.7128
4s24.2424