Silicij (Si)

chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14

Atomski broj	14
Relativna atomska masa	28.085
Maseni broj	28

Skupina	14
Perioda	3
Blok	p

proton	14 p⁺
neutron	14 n⁰
elektron	14 e^-

Animated Bohrov model atoma of Si (Silicij)

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus	110 pm 232 pm
Molni volumen	12,1 cm³/mol
Kovalentni Radijus	116 pm 107 pm 102 pm 117 pm 111 pm
Metallic Radius	117 pm 138 pm
Ionski radijus	26 pm 40 pm
Crystal Radius	40 pm 54 pm
Van der Waals radius	210 pm 210 pm 427 pm 210 pm 229 pm 429,5 pm
gustoća	2,3296 g/cm³ 2.570 kg/m³

Kemijsko Svojstvo

energija

proton affinity	837 kJ/mol
Elektronski afinitet	1,3895211 eV/particle
ionization energy	8,151683 eV/particle 16,345845 eV/particle 33,493 eV/particle 45,14179 eV/particle 166,767 eV/particle 205,267 eV/particle 246,32 eV/particle 303,66 eV/particle 351,1 eV/particle 401,38 eV/particle 476,18 eV/particle 523,415 eV/particle 2.437,65804 eV/particle 2.673,1774 eV/particle

Toplina isparivanja	383 kJ/mol
toplina taljenja	50,6 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	450 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronska ljuska	2, 8, 4

valence electron	4 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ne] 3s² 3p²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²

Oksidacijski broj	-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Elektronegativnost	11,33 eV/particle 0.178503 1.9
Electrophilicity Index	1,6827934805482991 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

agregatno stanje	Čvrsto
gaseous state of matter
Vrelište	3.538,15 K
Talište	1.687,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Trojna točka
appearance
boja	Siva #daa520 #f0c8a0 #f0c8a0
appearance	crystalline, reflective with bluish-tinged faces
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Toplinska vodljivost	149 W/(m K)
Toplinsko istezanje	0,0000026 1/K
molar heat capacity	19,99 J/(mol K)
Specifični toplinski kapacitet	0,712 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Semiconductor
electrical conductivity	0,001 MS/m
Električna otpornost i provodnost	0,001 m Ω
Supravodljivost
Magnetizam
type	diamagnetic
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Mass)	−0,0000000016 m³/Kg
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Molar)	−0,0000000000449 m³/mol
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Volume)	−0,00000373
magnetic ordering
Curieva temperatura
Néel temperature
struktura
Kristalna struktura	Tetraedarsko slaganje (DIA)
lattice constant	5,43 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
Tvrdoća	6,5 MPa
bulk modulus	100 GPa
shear modulus
Youngov modul elastičnosti	47 GPa
Poissonov omjer
brzina zvuka	2.200 m/s
classification
Kategorija	Polumetali, Metalloids
CAS Group	IVB
IUPAC Group	IVA
Glawe Number	85
Mendeleev Number	88
Pettifor Number	85
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	814,1 kJ/mol
polarizability	37,3 ± 0,7 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	305 a₀ 308 a₀
allotrope
Nuklearni udarni presjek	0,166
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0002
Kvantni brojevi	3P0
space group	227 (Fd_3m)

Isotopes of Silicon

Stabilni izotopi	3
Nestabilni izotopi	21
Natural Isotopes	3

²²Si

Maseni broj	22
neutron number	8
Relativna atomska masa	22,036114 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	28,7 ± 1,1 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1987
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	62%
2p (2-proton emission)	0.7%

²³Si

Maseni broj	23
neutron number	9
Relativna atomska masa	23,025711 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	42,3 ± 0,4 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1986
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	88%
2p (2-proton emission)	3.6%

²⁴Si

Maseni broj	24
neutron number	10
Relativna atomska masa	24,01153543 ± 0,000020904 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	143,2 ± 2,1 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1979
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	34.5%

²⁵Si

Maseni broj	25
neutron number	11
Relativna atomska masa	25,004108798 ± 0,000010735 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	220,6 ± 1 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1963
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	35%

²⁶Si

Maseni broj	26
neutron number	12
Relativna atomska masa	25,992333818 ± 0,000000115 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	2,2453 ± 0,0007 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1960
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²⁷Si

Maseni broj	27
neutron number	13
Relativna atomska masa	26,986704687 ± 0,000000115 Da
g-factor	0,34608 ± 0,00012
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	4,117 ± 0,014 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,063 ± 0,014
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1939
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

²⁸Si

Maseni broj	28
neutron number	14
Relativna atomska masa	27,97692653442 ± 0,00000000055 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	92,2545 ± 0,0037
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1920
Parnost	+

²⁹Si

Maseni broj	29
neutron number	15
Relativna atomska masa	28,97649466434 ± 0,0000000006 Da
g-factor	−1,110104 ± 0,000006
natural abundance	4,672 ± 0,016
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1920
Parnost	+

³⁰Si

Maseni broj	30
neutron number	16
Relativna atomska masa	29,973770137 ± 0,000000023 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	3,0735 ± 0,0021
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1924
Parnost	+

³¹Si

Maseni broj	31
neutron number	17
Relativna atomska masa	30,975363196 ± 0,000000046 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	157,16 ± 0,2 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1934
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³²Si

Maseni broj	32
neutron number	18
Relativna atomska masa	31,974151538 ± 0,00000032 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	157 ± 7 y
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1953
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³³Si

Maseni broj	33
neutron number	19
Relativna atomska masa	32,977976964 ± 0,00000075 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	6,18 ± 0,18 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1971
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁴Si

Maseni broj	34
neutron number	20
Relativna atomska masa	33,978538045 ± 0,00000086 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	2,77 ± 0,2 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1971
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁵Si

Maseni broj	35
neutron number	21
Relativna atomska masa	34,984550111 ± 0,000038494 Da
g-factor	0,46828571428571 ± 0,0011428571428571
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	780 ± 120 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1971
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	5%

³⁶Si

Maseni broj	36
neutron number	22
Relativna atomska masa	35,986649271 ± 0,000077077 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	503 ± 2 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1971
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	12%

³⁷Si

Maseni broj	37
neutron number	23
Relativna atomska masa	36,992945191 ± 0,000122179 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	141 ± 3,5 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1979
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	17%
2n (2-neutron emission)

³⁸Si

Maseni broj	38
neutron number	24
Relativna atomska masa	37,995523 ± 0,0001125 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	63 ± 8 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1979
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	25%

³⁹Si

Maseni broj	39
neutron number	25
Relativna atomska masa	39,002491 ± 0,0001455 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	41,2 ± 4,1 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1979
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	33%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁰Si

Maseni broj	40
neutron number	26
Relativna atomska masa	40,006083641 ± 0,000130962 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	31,2 ± 2,6 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1989
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	38%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴¹Si

Maseni broj	41
neutron number	27
Relativna atomska masa	41,014171 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	20 ± 2,5 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1989
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	55%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴²Si

Maseni broj	42
neutron number	28
Relativna atomska masa	42,018078 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	12,5 ± 3,5 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1990
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴³Si

Maseni broj	43
neutron number	29
Relativna atomska masa	43,026119 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2002
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁴Si

Maseni broj	44
neutron number	30
Relativna atomska masa	44,031466 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2007
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁵Si

Maseni broj	45
neutron number	31
Relativna atomska masa	45,039818 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

povijest

otkrio/izumio	Jöns Berzelius
location of discovery	Sweden
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1824
Etimologija	Latin: silex, silicus, (flint).
pronunciation	SIL-i-ken (engleski)

source

Obilnost
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori	282.000 mg/kg
natural abundance (ocean)	2,2 mg/L
natural abundance (tijelo)	0,026 %
natural abundance (meteoroid)	14 %
natural abundance (Sunce)	0,09 %
Zastupljenost u svemiru	0,07 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.4255
2	p	4.055
2	s	4.98
3	p	9.7148
3	s	9.0968

Silicij on ChemicalAid

Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300011769
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3575
BNCF Thesaurus ID	38210
BNF	11976956v
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	silicium
CAS registarski broj	7440-21-3
ChEBI ID	27573
ChemSpider ID	4574465
CosIng number	96140
Cultureel Woordenboek ID	natuurkunde-scheikunde-en-sterrenkunde/silicium
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID5030038
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID0051441
Den Store Danske ID	silicium
Drugbank ID	12982
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.300
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	silicium
Fandom article ID	memory-alpha:Silicon
Freebase ID	/m/025sf80
French Vikidia ID	Silicium
GND identifikator	4077445-4
Golden ID	Silicon-K4P5N
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	2109143
HSDB ID	5033
ICSC ID	1508
ID oznaka u mrežnoj enciklopediji Britannici	science/silicon
InChI	InChI=1S/Si
InChIKey	XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Silicon
KEGG ID	C06263
Krugosvet article	himiya/kremniy
LCCN	sh85122512
LEM ID	LEM201008365
Latvian National Encyclopedia Online ID	117852
MeSH ID	D012825
NALT ID	55167
NDL ID	00565390
NKCR broj	ph122083
Namuwiki ID	규소
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007543750105171
OpenAlex ID	C544956773
PSH ID	5797
Probes And Drugs ID	PD143900
PubChem ID	5461123
RxNorm ID	9774
Römpp online ID	RD-19-02444
Store norske leksikon ID	silisium
Treccani ID	silicio
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	12808
UNII	Z4152N8IUI
USGS Thesaurus ID	1575
Wolfram Language entity code	Entity["Mineral", "Silicon"]
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14678720-n
YSO ID	15609
ZVG number	8110
značenje prema OmegaWiki	3421

Silicij (Si)

Physical Property

Kemijsko Svojstvo

other

Isotopes of Silicon

22Si

23Si

24Si

25Si

26Si

27Si

28Si

29Si

30Si

31Si

32Si

33Si

34Si

35Si

36Si

37Si

38Si

39Si

40Si

41Si

42Si

43Si

44Si

45Si

povijest

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

²²Si

²³Si

²⁴Si

²⁵Si

²⁶Si

²⁷Si

²⁸Si

²⁹Si

³⁰Si

³¹Si

³²Si

³³Si

³⁴Si

³⁵Si

³⁶Si

³⁷Si

³⁸Si

³⁹Si

⁴⁰Si

⁴¹Si

⁴²Si

⁴³Si

⁴⁴Si

⁴⁵Si