Berüllium (Be)

chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4

Atomic Number	4
Atomic Weight	9.0121831
massiarv	9

Group	2
Period	2
Block	s

prooton	4 p⁺
neutron	5 n⁰
elektron	4 e^-

Animated Bohri aatomiteooria of Be (Berüllium)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Aatomiraadius	105 pm 219 pm
molaarruumala	5 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	102 pm 90 pm 85 pm 115 pm 96 pm
Metallic Radius	89 pm 112 pm
ionic radius	16 pm 27 pm 45 pm
Crystal Radius	30 pm 41 pm 59 pm
Van der Waals radius	190 pm 153 pm 223 pm 153 pm 274,5 pm
density	1,85 g/cm³ 1 690 kg/m³

Keemilised Omadused

{ERROR}

energia

proton affinity
Elektronafiinsus	−2,4 eV/particle
ionization energy	9,322699 eV/particle 18,211153 eV/particle 153,896198 eV/particle 217,7185766 eV/particle

aurustumissoojus	309 kJ/mol
sulamissoojus	12,21 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	324 kJ/mol
elektron

elektronkiht	2, 2

valentselektron	2 ⓘ

elektronkonfiguratsioon	[He] 2s²ⓘ 1s² 2s²

oksüdatsiooniaste	0, 1, 2
elektronegatiivsus	9,323 eV/particle 0.144986 1.57
Electrophilicity Index	0,5110145863657444 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	2 741,15 K
Melting Point	1 560,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature	5 205,15 K
kolmikpunkt
Välimus
värvus	Black #ff1493 #c2ff00 #c2ff00
Välimus	white-gray metallic
Murdumisnäitaja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	201 W/(m K)
soojuspaisumine	0,0000113 1/K
molar heat capacity	16,443 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	1,825 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Elektrijuhtivus	25 MS/m
Eritakistus	0,00000003999999999998 Ω*m
Ülijuhtivus	0,026 K
Magnetism
type	diamagnetic
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Mass)	−0,0000000126 m³/Kg
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Molar)	−0,0000000001136 m³/mol
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Volume)	−0,00002328
magnetic ordering
Curie punkt
Néel temperature
struktuur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	2,29 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
kõvadus	600 MPa 5,5 MPa 1 670 MPa
Ruumpaisumismoodul	130 GPa
Nihkeelastsusmoodul	132 GPa
Normaalelastsusmoodul	287 GPa
Poissoni tegur	0,032
heli kiirus	13 000 m/s
Klassifitseerimine
Category	Actinides, Alkaline earth metals
CAS Group	IIA
IUPAC Group	IIA
Glawe Number	77
Mendeleev Number	75
Pettifor Number	77
Geochemical Class	alkaline earth metal
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

teine

Gas Basicity
polarizability	37,74 ± 0,03 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	227 a₀ 214 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0,0092
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,00003
Kvantarv	1S0
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Beryllium

Stable Isotopes	1
Unstable Isotopes	11
Natural Isotopes	1

⁵Be

massiarv	5
neutron number	1
Relative Atomic Mass	5,03987 ± 0,00215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
p (proton emission)

⁶Be

massiarv	6
neutron number	2
Relative Atomic Mass	6,019726409 ± 0,000005848 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	5 ± 0,3 zs
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1958
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

⁷Be

massiarv	7
neutron number	3
Relative Atomic Mass	7,016928714 ± 0,000000076 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	53,22 ± 0,06 d
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1938
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁸Be

massiarv	8
neutron number	4
Relative Atomic Mass	8,005305102 ± 0,000000037 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	81,9 ± 3,7 as
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1932
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
α (α emission)	100%

⁹Be

massiarv	9
neutron number	5
Relative Atomic Mass	9,012183062 ± 0,000000082 Da
g-factor	−0,78495333333333 ± 0,0000033333333333333
natural abundance	100
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,0529 ± 0,0004
avastamise aeg	1921
parity	-

¹⁰Be

massiarv	10
neutron number	6
Relative Atomic Mass	10,013534692 ± 0,000000086 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	1,387 ± 0,012 My
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1935
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹Be

massiarv	11
neutron number	7
Relative Atomic Mass	11,02166108 ± 0,000000255 Da
g-factor	−3,3632 ± 0,0016
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	13,76 ± 0,07 s
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1958
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻α (β⁻-delayed α emission)	3.3%
B-p	0.0013%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹²Be

massiarv	12
neutron number	8
Relative Atomic Mass	12,026922082 ± 0,000002048 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	21,46 ± 0,05 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1966
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.5%

¹³Be

massiarv	13
neutron number	9
Relative Atomic Mass	13,036134506 ± 0,000010929 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	1 ± 0,7 zs
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1983
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
n (neutron emission)

¹⁴Be

massiarv	14
neutron number	10
Relative Atomic Mass	14,04289292 ± 0,00014197 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	4,53 ± 0,27 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1973
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	86%
2n (2-neutron emission)	5%
β⁻ t (β⁻-delayed triton emission)	0.02%
β⁻α (β⁻-delayed α emission)	0.004%

¹⁵Be

massiarv	15
neutron number	11
Relative Atomic Mass	15,053490215 ± 0,00017799 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	790 ± 270 ys
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2013
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
n (neutron emission)	100%

¹⁶Be

massiarv	16
neutron number	12
Relative Atomic Mass	16,061672036 ± 0,00017799 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	650 ± 130 ys
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2012
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2n (2-neutron emission)	100%

ajalugu

leiutaja või avastaja	Fredrich Wöhler, A.A.Bussy
location of discovery	Germany/France
avastamise aeg	1798
etümoloogia	Greek: beryllos, "beryl" (a mineral).
pronunciation	beh-RIL-i-em (inglise)

allikas

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	2,8 mg/kg
natural abundance (ookean)	0,0000056 mg/L
natural abundance (Inimkeha)	0,00000004 %
natural abundance (meteoorkeha)	0,0000029 %
natural abundance (Päike)	0,00000001 %
Abundance in Universe	0,0000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3152
2	s	2.088

Berüllium on ChemicalAid

Berüllium (Be)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Keemilised Omadused

teine

Isotopes of Beryllium

5Be

6Be

7Be

8Be

9Be

10Be

11Be

12Be

13Be

14Be

15Be

16Be

ajalugu

allikas

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁵Be

⁶Be

⁷Be

⁸Be

⁹Be

¹⁰Be

¹¹Be

¹²Be

¹³Be

¹⁴Be

¹⁵Be

¹⁶Be