Бериллий

Бериллий (Be)

chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4
Atomic Number4
Atomic Weight9.0121831
mass number9
Group2
Period2
Blocks
Протон4 p+
Нейтрон5 n0
Электрон4 e-
Animated Bohr model of Be (Бериллий)

Physical Property

Атомдук Радиус
105 pm
molar volume
5 cm³/mol
covalent radius
102 pm
Metallic Radius
89 pm
ionic radius
16 pm
Crystal Radius
30 pm
Van der Waals radius
153 pm
density
1,85 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Бериллий0102030405060708090100110120130140150160pmАтомдук РадиусCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

энергия
proton affinity
electron affinity
-2,4 eV/particle
ionization energy
9,322699 eV/particle
ionization energy of Be (Бериллий)
enthalpy of vaporization
309 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion
12,21 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
324 kJ/mol
Электрон
electron shell2, 2
Bohr model: Be (Бериллий)
valence electron2 ⓘ
Lewis structure: Be (Бериллий)
electron configuration[He] 2s2ⓘ
1s2 2s2
Enhanced Bohr model of Be (Бериллий)
Orbital Diagram of Be (Бериллий)
oxidation number0, 1, 2
electronegativity
1.57
Electrophilicity Index
0,5110145863657444 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
2 741,15 K
Melting Point
1 560,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
5 205,15 K
triple point
appearance
Түс –
Slate Gray
appearancewhite-gray metallic
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
201 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
0,0000113 1/K
molar heat capacity
16,443 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
1,825 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
25 MS/m
electrical resistivity
0,00000003999999999998 m Ω
superconductivity
0,026 K
Магнетизм
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0,0000000126 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0,0000000001136 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0,00002328
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
түзүм
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
2,29 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness
5,5 MPa
bulk modulus
130 GPa
shear modulus
132 GPa
Young's modulus
287 GPa
Poisson's ratio
0,032
speed of sound
13 000 m/s
classification
CategoryAlkaline earth metals, Alkaline earth metals
CAS GroupIIA
IUPAC GroupIIA
Glawe Number77
Mendeleev Number75
Pettifor Number77
Geochemical Classalkaline earth metal
Литофиль элементтериlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
37,74 ± 0,03 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
227 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section
0,0092
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,00003
Кванттык сандар1S0
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Beryllium

Stable Isotopes1
Unstable Isotopes11
Natural Isotopes1

5Be

mass number5
neutron number1
relative atomic mass
5,03987 ± 0,00215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention
parity+
decay modeintensity
p (proton emission)

6Be

mass number6
neutron number2
relative atomic mass
6,019726409 ± 0,000005848 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
5 ± 0,3 zs
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1958
parity+
decay modeintensity
2p (2-proton emission)100%

7Be

mass number7
neutron number3
relative atomic mass
7,016928714 ± 0,000000076 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
53,22 ± 0,06 d
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention1938
parity-
decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

8Be

mass number8
neutron number4
relative atomic mass
8,005305102 ± 0,000000037 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
81,9 ± 3,7 as
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1932
parity+
decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%

9Be

mass number9
neutron number5
relative atomic mass
9,012183062 ± 0,000000082 Da
g-factor
-0,78495333333333 ± 0,0000033333333333333
natural abundance
100
Радиоактивдүүлүкstable isotope
half-lifeNot Radioactive ☢️
Спин3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,0529 ± 0,0004
time of discovery or invention1921
parity-

10Be

mass number10
neutron number6
relative atomic mass
10,013534692 ± 0,000000086 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
1,387 ± 0,012 My
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1935
parity+
decay modeintensity
β− (β− decay)100%

11Be

mass number11
neutron number7
relative atomic mass
11,02166108 ± 0,000000255 Da
g-factor
-3,3632 ± 0,0016
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
13,76 ± 0,07 s
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1958
parity+
decay modeintensity
β− (β− decay)100%
β−α (β−-delayed α emission)3.3%
B-p0.0013%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)

12Be

mass number12
neutron number8
relative atomic mass
12,026922082 ± 0,000002048 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
21,46 ± 0,05 ms
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1966
parity+
decay modeintensity
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)0.5%

13Be

mass number13
neutron number9
relative atomic mass
13,036134506 ± 0,000010929 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
1 ± 0,7 zs
Спин1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1983
parity-
decay modeintensity
n (neutron emission)

14Be

mass number14
neutron number10
relative atomic mass
14,04289292 ± 0,00014197 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
4,53 ± 0,27 ms
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention1973
parity+
decay modeintensity
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)86%
2n (2-neutron emission)5%
β− t (β−-delayed triton emission)0.02%
β−α (β−-delayed α emission)0.004%

15Be

mass number15
neutron number11
relative atomic mass
15,053490215 ± 0,00017799 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
790 ± 270 ys
Спин5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention2013
parity+
decay modeintensity
n (neutron emission)100%

16Be

mass number16
neutron number12
relative atomic mass
16,061672036 ± 0,00017799 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Радиоактивдүүлүк☢️ Радиоактивдүү элементтер —
half-life
650 ± 130 ys
Спин0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
time of discovery or invention2012
parity+
decay modeintensity
2n (2-neutron emission)100%
Beryllium nuggets 2
Electron shell de 004 Beryllium

тарых

discoverer or inventorFredrich Wöhler, A.A.Bussy
location of discoveryGermany/France
time of discovery or invention1798
ЭтимологияGreek: beryllos, "beryl" (a mineral).
pronunciationbeh-RIL-i-em (англисче)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
2,8 mg/kg
natural abundance (Океан)
0,0000056 mg/L
natural abundance (human body)
0,00000004 %
natural abundance (meteoroid)
0,0000029 %
natural abundance (Күн)
0,00000001 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.3152
2s2.088
Бериллий on ChemicalAid