Berilium (Be)

chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4

Atomic Number	4
Atomic Weight	9.0121831
Nombor jisim	9

Group	2
Period	2
Block	s

proton	4 p⁺
neutron	5 n⁰
Elektron	4 e^-

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	105 pm 219 pm
molar volume	5 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen	102 pm 90 pm 85 pm 115 pm 96 pm
Metallic Radius	89 pm 112 pm
ionic radius	16 pm 27 pm 45 pm
Crystal Radius	30 pm 41 pm 59 pm
Jejari van der Waals	190 pm 153 pm 223 pm 153 pm 274.5 pm
ketumpatan	1.85 g/cm³ 1,690 kg/m³

Sifat Kimia

{ERROR}

tenaga

proton affinity
Pertalian elektron	-2.4 eV/particle
ionization energy	9.322699 eV/particle 18.211153 eV/particle 153.896198 eV/particle 217.7185766 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	309 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	12.21 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	324 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 2

Elektron valens	2 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[He] 2s²ⓘ 1s² 2s²

Keadaan pengoksidaan	0, 1, 2
Keelektronegatifan	9.323 eV/particle 0.144986 1.57
Electrophilicity Index	0.5110145863657444 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	2,741.15 K
Melting Point	1,560.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature	5,205.15 K
triple point
rupa
warna	Black #ff1493 #c2ff00 #c2ff00
rupa	white-gray metallic
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity	201 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma	0.0000113 1/K
molar heat capacity	16.443 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	1.825 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Kekonduksian elektrik	25 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik	0.00000003999999999998 Ω*m
Kesuperkonduksian	0.026 K
kemagnetan
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000126 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.0000000001136 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.00002328
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	2.29 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness	600 MPa 5.5 MPa 1,670 MPa
Modulus pukal	130 GPa
shear modulus	132 GPa
Young's modulus	287 GPa
Nisbah Poisson	0.032
Kelajuan bunyi	13,000 m/s
pengelasan
Category	Actinides, Alkaline earth metals
CAS Group	IIA
IUPAC Group	IIA
Glawe Number	77
Mendeleev Number	75
Pettifor Number	77
Geochemical Class	alkaline earth metal
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	37.74 ± 0.03 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	227 a₀ 214 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0.0092
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.00003
Nombor kuantum	1S0
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Beryllium

Stable Isotopes	1
Unstable Isotopes	11
Natural Isotopes	1

⁵Be

Nombor jisim	5
nombor neutron	1
Jisim Atom Relatif	5.03987 ± 0.00215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

⁶Be

Nombor jisim	6
nombor neutron	2
Jisim Atom Relatif	6.019726409 ± 0.000005848 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	5 ± 0.3 zs
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1958
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

⁷Be

Nombor jisim	7
nombor neutron	3
Jisim Atom Relatif	7.016928714 ± 0.000000076 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	53.22 ± 0.06 d
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1938
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁸Be

Nombor jisim	8
nombor neutron	4
Jisim Atom Relatif	8.005305102 ± 0.000000037 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	81.9 ± 3.7 as
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1932
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	100%

⁹Be

Nombor jisim	9
nombor neutron	5
Jisim Atom Relatif	9.012183062 ± 0.000000082 Da
g-factor	-0.78495333333333 ± 0.0000033333333333333
natural abundance	100
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0529 ± 0.0004
tarikh penemuan	1921
parity	-

¹⁰Be

Nombor jisim	10
nombor neutron	6
Jisim Atom Relatif	10.013534692 ± 0.000000086 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.387 ± 0.012 My
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1935
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹¹Be

Nombor jisim	11
nombor neutron	7
Jisim Atom Relatif	11.02166108 ± 0.000000255 Da
g-factor	-3.3632 ± 0.0016
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	13.76 ± 0.07 s
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1958
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻α (β⁻-delayed α emission)	3.3%
B-p	0.0013%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

¹²Be

Nombor jisim	12
nombor neutron	8
Jisim Atom Relatif	12.026922082 ± 0.000002048 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	21.46 ± 0.05 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1966
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.5%

¹³Be

Nombor jisim	13
nombor neutron	9
Jisim Atom Relatif	13.036134506 ± 0.000010929 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1 ± 0.7 zs
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1983
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
n (neutron emission)

¹⁴Be

Nombor jisim	14
nombor neutron	10
Jisim Atom Relatif	14.04289292 ± 0.00014197 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	4.53 ± 0.27 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1973
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	86%
2n (2-neutron emission)	5%
β⁻ t (β⁻-delayed triton emission)	0.02%
β⁻α (β⁻-delayed α emission)	0.004%

¹⁵Be

Nombor jisim	15
nombor neutron	11
Jisim Atom Relatif	15.053490215 ± 0.00017799 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	790 ± 270 ys
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2013
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
n (neutron emission)	100%

¹⁶Be

Nombor jisim	16
nombor neutron	12
Jisim Atom Relatif	16.061672036 ± 0.00017799 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	650 ± 130 ys
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	2012
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
2n (2-neutron emission)	100%

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	Fredrich Wöhler, A.A.Bussy
tempat penemuan	Germany/France
tarikh penemuan	1798
Etimologi	Greek: beryllos, "beryl" (a mineral).
sebutan	beh-RIL-i-em (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	2.8 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)	0.0000056 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)	0.00000004 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0.0000029 %
natural abundance (Matahari)	0.00000001 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3152
2	s	2.088

Berilium on ChemicalAid

Berilium (Be)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Beryllium

5Be

6Be

7Be

8Be

9Be

10Be

11Be

12Be

13Be

14Be

15Be

16Be

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁵Be

⁶Be

⁷Be

⁸Be

⁹Be

¹⁰Be

¹¹Be

¹²Be

¹³Be

¹⁴Be

¹⁵Be

¹⁶Be