Ugljik (C)

chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6; common element of all known life

Atomski broj	6
Relativna atomska masa	12.011
Maseni broj	12

Skupina	14
Perioda	2
Blok	p

proton	6 p⁺
neutron	6 n⁰
elektron	6 e^-

Animated Bohrov model atoma of C (Ugljik)

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus	70 pm 190 pm
Molni volumen	5,3 cm³/mol
Kovalentni Radijus	75 pm 67 pm 60 pm 77 pm 73 pm
Metallic Radius	86 pm
Ionski radijus	−8 pm 15 pm 16 pm
Crystal Radius	6 pm 29 pm 30 pm
Van der Waals radius	170 pm 170 pm 389,83 pm 170 pm 204 pm 177 pm 385,1 pm
gustoća	2,2 g/cm³

Kemijsko Svojstvo

energija

proton affinity
Elektronski afinitet	1,262119 eV/particle
ionization energy	11,260296 eV/particle 24,3845 eV/particle 47,88778 eV/particle 64,49358 eV/particle 392,0905 eV/particle 489,993177 eV/particle

Toplina isparivanja
toplina taljenja
standard enthalpy of formation	716,87 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronska ljuska	2, 4

valence electron	4 ⓘ

electron configuration	[He] 2s² 2p²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p²

Oksidacijski broj	-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Elektronegativnost	15,05 eV/particle 0.224776 2.55
Electrophilicity Index	1,960493365843406 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

agregatno stanje	Čvrsto
gaseous state of matter
Vrelište	4.098,15 K
Talište	4.762,15 K 4.713,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Trojna točka	4.762,15 K 10.300 kPa
appearance
boja	Crna #c8c8c8 #909090 #555555
appearance
Indeks prelamanja	2,417
thermodynamic material property
Toplinska vodljivost	1,59 W/(m K)
Toplinsko istezanje	0,0000071 1/K
molar heat capacity	8,517 J/(mol K)
Specifični toplinski kapacitet	0,709 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	0,1 MS/m
Električna otpornost i provodnost	0,00001 m Ω
Supravodljivost
Magnetizam
type	diamagnetic
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Mass)	−0,0000000062 m³/Kg
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Molar)	−0,0000000000745 m³/mol
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Volume)	−0,000014
magnetic ordering
Curieva temperatura
Néel temperature
struktura
Kristalna struktura	Jednostavna heksagonska (DIA)
lattice constant	3,57 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
Tvrdoća	0,5 MPa
bulk modulus	33 GPa
shear modulus
Youngov modul elastičnosti
Poissonov omjer
brzina zvuka	18.350 m/s
classification
Kategorija	Ostali nemetali, Nonmetals
CAS Group	IVB
IUPAC Group	IVA
Glawe Number	87
Mendeleev Number	87
Pettifor Number	95
Geochemical Class	semi-volatile
Goldschmidt classification	atmophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	11,3 ± 0,2 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	46,6 a₀ 47,9 a₀
allotrope	Graphite, Diamond, Amorphous Carbon, Lonsdaleite, Fullerene, Carbon Nanotube, Graphene
Nuklearni udarni presjek	0,0035
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,000015
Kvantni brojevi	3P0
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Carbon

Stabilni izotopi	2
Nestabilni izotopi	14
Natural Isotopes	2

⁸C

Maseni broj	8
neutron number	2
Relativna atomska masa	8,037643039 ± 0,000019584 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	3,5 ± 1,4 zs
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1974
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
2p (2-proton emission)	100%

⁹C

Maseni broj	9
neutron number	3
Relativna atomska masa	9,031037202 ± 0,000002293 Da
g-factor	0,9276 ± 0,00033333333333333
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	126,5 ± 0,9 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1964
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	7.5%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	38.4%

¹⁰C

Maseni broj	10
neutron number	4
Relativna atomska masa	10,016853217 ± 0,000000075 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	19,3011 ± 0,0015 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1949
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹¹C

Maseni broj	11
neutron number	5
Relativna atomska masa	11,011432597 ± 0,000000064 Da
g-factor	−0,64266666666667 ± 0,00066666666666667
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	20,3402 ± 0,0053 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,0333 ± 0,0002
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1934
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

¹²C

Maseni broj	12
neutron number	6
Relativna atomska masa	12 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	98,94 ± 0,06
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1919
Parnost	+

¹³C

Maseni broj	13
neutron number	7
Relativna atomska masa	13,00335483534 ± 0,00000000025 Da
g-factor	1,404738 ± 0,000008
natural abundance	1,06 ± 0,06
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1929
Parnost	-

¹⁴C

Maseni broj	14
neutron number	8
Relativna atomska masa	14,00324198862 ± 0,00000000403 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	5,7 ± 0,03 ky
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1936
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁵C

Maseni broj	15
neutron number	9
Relativna atomska masa	15,010599256 ± 0,000000858 Da
g-factor	3,44 ± 0,018
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	2,449 ± 0,005 s
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1950
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

¹⁶C

Maseni broj	16
neutron number	10
Relativna atomska masa	16,014701255 ± 0,00000384 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	750 ± 6 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1961
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	99%

¹⁷C

Maseni broj	17
neutron number	11
Relativna atomska masa	17,02257865 ± 0,000018641 Da
g-factor	0,50533333333333 ± 0,0026666666666667
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	193 ± 6 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1968
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	28.4%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁸C

Maseni broj	18
neutron number	12
Relativna atomska masa	18,02675193 ± 0,000032206 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	92 ± 2 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1969
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	31.5%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁹C

Maseni broj	19
neutron number	13
Relativna atomska masa	19,034797594 ± 0,000105625 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	46,2 ± 2,3 ms
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1974
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	47%
2n (2-neutron emission)	7%

²⁰C

Maseni broj	20
neutron number	14
Relativna atomska masa	20,040261732 ± 0,000247585 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	16 ± 3 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1981
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	70%
2n (2-neutron emission)	18.6%

²¹C

Maseni broj	21
neutron number	15
Relativna atomska masa	21,049 ± 0,00064 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)

²²C

Maseni broj	22
neutron number	16
Relativna atomska masa	22,05755399 ± 0,000248515 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	6,2 ± 1,3 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1986
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	61%
2n (2-neutron emission)	37%

²³C

Maseni broj	23
neutron number	17
Relativna atomska masa	23,06889 ± 0,00107 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)

povijest

otkrio/izumio	Known to the ancients
location of discovery
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Etimologija	Latin: carbo, (charcoal).
pronunciation	KAR-ben (engleski)

source

Obilnost
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori	200 mg/kg
natural abundance (ocean)	28 mg/L
natural abundance (tijelo)	23 %
natural abundance (meteoroid)	1,5 %
natural abundance (Sunce)	0,3 %
Zastupljenost u svemiru	0,5 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3273
2	p	2.8642
2	s	2.7834

Ugljik on ChemicalAid

Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300264720
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3180
BNCF Thesaurus ID	18855
BNF	11976417k
Biblioteca Nacional de España ID	XX526055
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	kohlenstoff
CAS registarski broj	7440-44-0
ChEBI ID	33415
ChemSpider ID	4575370
CosIng number	95647
Cultureel Woordenboek ID	natuurkunde-scheikunde-en-sterrenkunde/koolstof
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID407391
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID9027651
Den Store Danske ID	carbon
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.321
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	carbone
English Vikidia ID	Carbon
EuroVoc ID	5261
Freebase ID	/m/025tfgm
French Vikidia ID	Carbone
GND identifikator	4164538-8
Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana ID	0088553
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	4214872
ICSC ID	0702
ID oznaka teme na Quori	Carbon-element-1
ID oznaka teme na Quori	Carbon
ID oznaka u mrežnoj enciklopediji Britannici	science/carbon-chemical-element
IUPAC Gold Book ID	C00821
InChI	InChI=1S/C
InChIKey	OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Italian Vikidia ID	Carbonio
KBpedia ID	Carbon
KEGG ID	C06265
Klexikon article ID	Kohlenstoff
Krugosvet article	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/UGLEROD.html
LCCN	sh85020090
Latvian National Encyclopedia Online ID	113504
MeSH ID	D002244
NDL ID	00572686
NE.se ID	kol
NKCR broj	ph158523
Namuwiki ID	탄소
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007283488605171
OpenAlex ID	C2993252241
PSH ID	5796
Probes And Drugs ID	PD143905
PubChem ID	5462310
Römpp online ID	RD-11-01491
Spanish Cultural Heritage thesauri ID	materias/1106726
Spanish Vikidia ID	Carbono
Store norske leksikon ID	karbon
Treccani ID	carbonio
U.S. National Archives Identifier	10638575
UK Archival Thesaurus ID	f2/mt225/4347/728
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	8964
UNESCO Thesaurus ID	concept4645
USGS Thesaurus ID	1420
Wolfram Language entity code	Entity["Element", "Carbon"]
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14657384-n
YSO ID	138
ZVG number	8040
nLab ID	carbon
značenje prema OmegaWiki	484

Ugljik (C)

Physical Property

Kemijsko Svojstvo

other

Isotopes of Carbon

8C

9C

10C

11C

12C

13C

14C

15C

16C

17C

18C

19C

20C

21C

22C

23C

povijest

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁸C

⁹C

¹⁰C

¹¹C

¹²C

¹³C

¹⁴C

¹⁵C

¹⁶C

¹⁷C

¹⁸C

¹⁹C

²⁰C

²¹C

²²C

²³C