Karbon

Karbon (C)

chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6; common element of all known life
Atomic Number6
Atomic Weight12.011
Nombor jisim12
Group14
Period2
Blockp
proton6 p+
neutron6 n0
Elektron6 e-
Animated Model Bohr of C (Karbon)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
molar volume
Jejari kovalen
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Jejari van der Waals
ketumpatan
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Karbon0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170pmJejari AtomJejari KovalenMetallic RadiusJejari van der Waals

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
Pertalian elektron
ionization energy
ionization energy of C (Karbon)
Entalpi pengewapan
entalpi pelakuran
standard enthalpy of formation
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 4
Model Bohr: C (Karbon)
Elektron valens4
Teori ion Lewis: C (Karbon)
tatarajah elektron[He] 2s2 2p2
1s2 2s2 2p2
Enhanced Model Bohr of C (Karbon)
Orbital Diagram of C (Karbon)
Keadaan pengoksidaan-4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Keelektronegatifan
2.55
Electrophilicity Index
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
rupa
warna
Black
rupa
indeks biasan
2.417
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Kekonduksian elektrik
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0.0000000062 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0.0000000000745 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0.000014
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (DIA)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
Kelajuan bunyi
pengelasan
CategoryOther nonmetals, Nonmetals
CAS GroupIVB
IUPAC GroupIVA
Glawe Number87
Mendeleev Number87
Pettifor Number95
Geochemical Classsemi-volatile
Goldschmidt classificationatmophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotropeGraphite, Diamond, Amorphous Carbon, Lonsdaleite, Fullerene, Carbon Nanotube, Graphene
Neutron cross section
0.0035
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.000015
Nombor kuantum3P0
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Carbon

Stable Isotopes2
Unstable Isotopes14
Natural Isotopes2
Isotopic Composition1298.94%1298.94%131.06%131.06%

8C

Nombor jisim8
nombor neutron2
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.5 ± 1.4 zs
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1974
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
2p (2-proton emission)100%

9C

Nombor jisim9
nombor neutron3
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0.9276 ± 0.00033333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
126.5 ± 0.9 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1964
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)7.5%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)38.4%

10C

Nombor jisim10
nombor neutron4
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
19.3011 ± 0.0015 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1949
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

11C

Nombor jisim11
nombor neutron5
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
-0.64266666666667 ± 0.00066666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
20.3402 ± 0.0053 m
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.0333 ± 0.0002
tarikh penemuan1934
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

12C

Nombor jisim12
nombor neutron6
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
98.94 ± 0.06
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1919
parity+

13C

Nombor jisim13
nombor neutron7
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
1.404738 ± 0.000008
natural abundance
1.06 ± 0.06
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1929
parity-

14C

Nombor jisim14
nombor neutron8
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
5.7 ± 0.03 ky
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1936
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

15C

Nombor jisim15
nombor neutron9
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
3.44 ± 0.018
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.449 ± 0.005 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1950
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

16C

Nombor jisim16
nombor neutron10
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
750 ± 6 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1961
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)99%

17C

Nombor jisim17
nombor neutron11
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0.50533333333333 ± 0.0026666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
193 ± 6 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1968
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)28.4%
2n (2-neutron emission)

18C

Nombor jisim18
nombor neutron12
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
92 ± 2 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1969
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)31.5%
2n (2-neutron emission)

19C

Nombor jisim19
nombor neutron13
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
46.2 ± 2.3 ms
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1974
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)47%
2n (2-neutron emission)7%

20C

Nombor jisim20
nombor neutron14
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
16 ± 3 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1981
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)70%
2n (2-neutron emission)18.6%

21C

Nombor jisim21
nombor neutron15
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
n (neutron emission)

22C

Nombor jisim22
nombor neutron16
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6.2 ± 1.3 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1986
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)61%
2n (2-neutron emission)37%

23C

Nombor jisim23
nombor neutron17
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
n (neutron emission)
Coal anthracite
Electron shell 006 Carbon

sejarah

penemu atau perekaKnown to the ancients
tempat penemuan
tarikh penemuan
EtimologiLatin: carbo, (charcoal).
sebutanKAR-ben (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (lautan)
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
23 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
1.5 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
0.3 %
Abundance in Universe
0.5 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.3273
2p2.8642
2s2.7834