Atomnummer | 27 |
---|---|
Atommassa | 58.933194 |
masstal | 59 |
Grupp | 9 |
---|---|
Period | 4 |
Block | d |
Protoner | 27 p+ |
---|---|
Neutroner | 32 n0 |
Electrons | 27 e- |
atomradie | 135 pm
|
---|---|
molvolym | 6,7 cm³/mol
|
kovalent radie | 111 pm
|
Metallic Radius | 116 pm
|
ionic radius | 58 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 72 pm
|
Van der Waalsradie | 200 pm
|
densitet | 8,86 g/cm³
|
energi | |
proton affinity | 742,7 kJ/mol
|
Elektronaffinitet | 0,66225646 eV/particle
|
joniseringsenergi | 7,88101 eV/particle
|
ångbildningsvärme | 389,1 kJ/mol
|
smältvärme | 15,48 kJ/mol
|
Bildningsentalpi | 426,7 kJ/mol
|
Electrons | |
electron shell | 2, 8, 15, 2 |
valenselektron | 2 |
elektronkonfiguration | [Ar] 3d7 4s2 |
oxidationstal | -3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
elektronegativitet | 1.88
|
Electrophilicity | 1,2638504937543713 eV/particle
|
Phases | |
aggregationstillstånd | Fast |
Gas Phase | |
Kokpunkt | 3 200,15 K
|
Smältpunkt | 1 768,15 K
|
critical pressure | |
critical temperature | |
trippelpunkt | |
Visual | |
färg | Grå
|
appearance | hard lustrous gray metal |
Brytningsindex | |
materialegenskap | |
Värmeledningsförmåga | 100 W/(m K)
|
termisk expansion | 0,000013 1/K
|
molar heat capacity | 24,81 J/(mol K)
|
Specifik värmekapacitet | 0,421 J/(g⋅K)
|
heat capacity ratio | |
electrical properties | |
type | Conductor |
elektrisk konduktivitet | 17 MS/m
|
resistivitet | 0,00000006000000000002 m Ω
|
supraledare | |
magnetism | |
type | ferromagnetic |
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass) | |
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar) | |
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume) | |
magnetic ordering | |
Curiepunkten | 1 394 K
|
Néel temperature | |
Structure | |
Kristallstruktur | Enkelt hexagonalt (HEX) |
Gitterkonstant | 2,51 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
mekanisk materialegenskap | |
hårdhet | 5 MPa
|
Kompressibilitet | 180 GPa
|
skjuvmodul | 75 GPa
|
Young's modulus | 209 GPa
|
Poissons konstant | 0,31
|
ljudhastighet | 4 720 m/s
|
klassificering | |
Kategori | Övergångsmetaller, Transition metals |
CAS Group | VIIIA |
IUPAC Group | VIII |
Glawe Number | 70 |
Mendeleev Number | 63 |
Pettifor Number | 64 |
Geochemical Class | first series transition metal |
Goldschmidt classification | siderophile |
övrigt | |
Gas Basicity | 719,8 kJ/mol
|
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | 408 a₀
|
Allotropes | |
Träffyta | 37,2
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0,021
|
kvanttal | 4F9/2 |
rymdgrupp | 194 (P63/mmc) |
Stabila isotoper | 1 |
---|---|
Instabila isotoper | 31 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 28 |
natural abundance | |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 47 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
p (proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 48 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 6 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
p (proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 49 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
p (proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 50 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 38,8 ± 0,2 ms
|
Spinn | 6 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 70.5% |
2p (2-proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 51 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 68,8 ± 1,9 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 3.8% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 52 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 111,7 ± 2,1 ms
|
Spinn | 6 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1987 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 53 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 244,6 ± 2,8 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1970 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 54 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 193,27 ± 0,06 ms
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1952 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 55 |
g-factor | 1,3777142857143 ± 0,00085714285714286
|
Halveringstid | 17,53 ± 0,03 h
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1938 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 56 |
g-factor | 0,9625 ± 0,0025
|
Halveringstid | 77,236 ± 0,026 d
|
Spinn | 4 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,25 ± 0,09
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1941 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 57 |
g-factor | 1,3485714285714 ± 0,0028571428571429
|
Halveringstid | 271,811 ± 0,032 d
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,54 ± 0,1
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1941 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 58 |
g-factor | 2,022 ± 0,004
|
Halveringstid | 70,844 ± 0,02 d
|
Spinn | 2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,23 ± 0,03
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1941 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
e+ (positron emission) | 14.79% |
ϵ (electron capture) | 85.21% |
natural abundance | 100
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 59 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,42 ± 0,03
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1923 |
Paritet | - |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 60 |
g-factor | 0,7598 ± 0,0016
|
Halveringstid | 5,2714 ± 0,0006 y
|
Spinn | 5 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,46 ± 0,06
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1941 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 61 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 1,649 ± 0,005 h
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1947 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 62 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 1,54 ± 0,1 m
|
Spinn | 2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1949 |
Paritet |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 63 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 26,9 ± 0,4 s
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1960 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 64 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 300 ± 30 ms
|
Spinn | 1 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1969 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 65 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 1,16 ± 0,03 s
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1978 |
Paritet |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 66 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 194 ± 17 ms
|
Spinn | 1 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1985 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 67 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 329 ± 28 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1985 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 68 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 200 ± 20 ms
|
Spinn | 7 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1985 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 69 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 180 ± 20 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1985 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 70 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 508 ± 7 ms
|
Spinn | 1 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1998 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 71 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 80 ± 3 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1992 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 3% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 72 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 51,5 ± 0,3 ms
|
Spinn | 6 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1992 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 4% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 73 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 42 ± 0,8 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1995 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 6% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 74 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 31,3 ± 1,3 ms
|
Spinn | 7 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1995 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 18% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 75 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 26,5 ± 1,2 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1995 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | 16% |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 76 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 23 ± 6 ms
|
Spinn | 8 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2010 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 77 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 15 ± 6 ms
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2014 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
2n (2-neutron emission) | % |
3n (3-neutron emission) | % |
upptäckare eller uppfinnare | George Brandt |
---|---|
fyndplats | Sweden |
upptäcktsdatum | 1739 |
etymologi | German: kobold (goblin). |
uttal | KO-bolt (engelska) |
1 | s | 0.6332 |
2 | p | 3.9076 |
2 | s | 7.595 |
3 | d | 15.1446 |
3 | p | 13.5654 |
3 | s | 12.6777 |
4 | s | 21.4236 |