Kobolt

Kobolt (Co)

metalliskt grundämne
Atomnummer27
Atommassa58.933194
masstal59
Grupp9
Period4
Blockd
Protoner27 p+
Neutroner32 n0
Electrons27 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Co (Kobolt)

Egenskaper

atomradie
135 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie
111 pm
Metallic Radius
116 pm
ionic radius
58 pm
Crystal Radius
72 pm
Van der Waalsradie
200 pm
densitet
8,86 g/cm³
energi
proton affinity
742,7 kJ/mol
Elektronaffinitet
0,66225646 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi
7,88101 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi of Co (Kobolt)
ångbildningsvärme
389,1 kJ/mol
smältvärme
15,48 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi
426,7 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 15, 2
Bohrs atommodell: Co (Kobolt)
valenselektron2
elektronkonfiguration[Ar] 3d7 4s2
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Co (Kobolt)
Orbital Diagram of Co (Kobolt)
oxidationstal-3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
elektronegativitet
1.88
Electrophilicity
1,2638504937543713 eV/particle
Phases
aggregationstillståndFast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt
3 200,15 K
Smältpunkt
1 768,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Grå
appearancehard lustrous gray metal
Brytningsindex
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
termisk expansion
0,000013 1/K
molar heat capacity
24,81 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,421 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
elektrisk konduktivitet
17 MS/m
resistivitet
0,00000006000000000002 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
typeferromagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
1 394 K
Néel temperature
Structure
KristallstrukturEnkelt hexagonalt (HEX)
Gitterkonstant
2,51 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
5 MPa
Kompressibilitet
180 GPa
skjuvmodul
75 GPa
Young's modulus
209 GPa
Poissons konstant
0,31
ljudhastighet
4 720 m/s
klassificering
KategoriÖvergångsmetaller, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIIIA
IUPAC GroupVIII
Glawe Number70
Mendeleev Number63
Pettifor Number64
Geochemical Classfirst series transition metal
Goldschmidt classificationsiderophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
719,8 kJ/mol
Dipole Polarizability
55 ± 4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
408 a₀
Allotropes
Träffyta
37,2
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,021
kvanttal4F9/2
rymdgrupp194 (P63/mmc)

Koboltisotoper

Stabila isotoper1
Instabila isotoper31
Radioactive Isotopes28

47Co

natural abundance
relative atomic mass
47,011401 ± 0,000644 Da
masstal47
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet-

47Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)%

48Co

natural abundance
relative atomic mass
48,001857 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal48
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet+

48Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)%

49Co

natural abundance
relative atomic mass
48,989501 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal49
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet-

49Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)%

50Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
49,981117 ± 0,000135 Da
masstal50
g-factor
Halveringstid
38,8 ± 0,2 ms
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1987
Paritet+

50Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)70.5%
2p (2-proton emission)%

51Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
50,970647 ± 0,000052 Da
masstal51
g-factor
Halveringstid
68,8 ± 1,9 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1987
Paritet-

51Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)3.8%

52Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
51,963130224 ± 0,000005669 Da
masstal52
g-factor
Halveringstid
111,7 ± 2,1 ms
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1987
Paritet+

52Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)%

53Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
52,954203278 ± 0,000001854 Da
masstal53
g-factor
Halveringstid
244,6 ± 2,8 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1970
Paritet-

53Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

54Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
53,948459075 ± 0,00000038 Da
masstal54
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
193,27 ± 0,06 ms
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1952
Paritet+

54Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

55Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
54,941996416 ± 0,000000434 Da
masstal55
g-factor
1,3777142857143 ± 0,00085714285714286
Halveringstid
17,53 ± 0,03 h
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1938
Paritet-

55Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

56Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
55,939838032 ± 0,00000051 Da
masstal56
g-factor
0,9625 ± 0,0025
Halveringstid
77,236 ± 0,026 d
Spinn4
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,25 ± 0,09
upptäcktsdatum1941
Paritet+

56Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

57Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
56,936289819 ± 0,000000553 Da
masstal57
g-factor
1,3485714285714 ± 0,0028571428571429
Halveringstid
271,811 ± 0,032 d
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,54 ± 0,1
upptäcktsdatum1941
Paritet-

57Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
ϵ (electron capture)100%

58Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
57,935751292 ± 0,000001237 Da
masstal58
g-factor
2,022 ± 0,004
Halveringstid
70,844 ± 0,02 d
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,23 ± 0,03
upptäcktsdatum1941
Paritet+

58Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)14.79%
ϵ (electron capture)85.21%

59Co

natural abundance
100
relative atomic mass
58,933193524 ± 0,000000426 Da
masstal59
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,42 ± 0,03
upptäcktsdatum1923
Paritet-

60Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
59,933815536 ± 0,000000433 Da
masstal60
g-factor
0,7598 ± 0,0016
Halveringstid
5,2714 ± 0,0006 y
Spinn5
nuclear quadrupole moment
0,46 ± 0,06
upptäcktsdatum1941
Paritet+

60Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

61Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
60,932476031 ± 0,000000901 Da
masstal61
g-factor
Halveringstid
1,649 ± 0,005 h
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1947
Paritet-

61Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

62Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
61,934058198 ± 0,00001994 Da
masstal62
g-factor
Halveringstid
1,54 ± 0,1 m
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1949
Paritet

62Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

63Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
62,93359963 ± 0,000019941 Da
masstal63
g-factor
Halveringstid
26,9 ± 0,4 s
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1960
Paritet-

63Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

64Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
63,935810176 ± 0,000021476 Da
masstal64
g-factor
Halveringstid
300 ± 30 ms
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1969
Paritet+

64Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

65Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
64,936462071 ± 0,000002235 Da
masstal65
g-factor
Halveringstid
1,16 ± 0,03 s
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1978
Paritet

65Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%

66Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
65,939442943 ± 0,000015 Da
masstal66
g-factor
Halveringstid
194 ± 17 ms
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1985
Paritet+

66Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

67Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
66,940609625 ± 0,000006917 Da
masstal67
g-factor
Halveringstid
329 ± 28 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1985
Paritet-

67Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

68Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
67,944559401 ± 0,000004142 Da
masstal68
g-factor
Halveringstid
200 ± 20 ms
Spinn7
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1985
Paritet-

68Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

69Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
68,945909 ± 0,000092 Da
masstal69
g-factor
Halveringstid
180 ± 20 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1985
Paritet-

69Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%

70Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
69,9500534 ± 0,0000118 Da
masstal70
g-factor
Halveringstid
508 ± 7 ms
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1998
Paritet+

70Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

71Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
70,952366923 ± 0,00049923 Da
masstal71
g-factor
Halveringstid
80 ± 3 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1992
Paritet-

71Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)3%

72Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
71,956736 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal72
g-factor
Halveringstid
51,5 ± 0,3 ms
Spinn6
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1992
Paritet-

72Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)4%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

73Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
72,959238 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal73
g-factor
Halveringstid
42 ± 0,8 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1995
Paritet-

73Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)6%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

74Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
73,963993 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal74
g-factor
Halveringstid
31,3 ± 1,3 ms
Spinn7
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1995
Paritet-

74Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)18%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

75Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
74,967192 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal75
g-factor
Halveringstid
26,5 ± 1,2 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1995
Paritet-

75Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)16%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

76Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
75,972453 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal76
g-factor
Halveringstid
23 ± 6 ms
Spinn8
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2010
Paritet-

76Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

77Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
76,976479 ± 0,000644 Da
masstal77
g-factor
Halveringstid
15 ± 6 ms
Spinn7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2014
Paritet-

77Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%
3n (3-neutron emission)%

78Co

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
77,983553 ± 0,000751 Da
masstal78
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2017
Paritet

78Co Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β (β decay)%
Kobalt electrolytic and 1cm3 cube.jpg

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareGeorge Brandt
fyndplatsSweden
upptäcktsdatum1739
etymologiGerman: kobold (goblin).
uttalKO-bolt (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
Abundance in Oceans
0,00002 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
0,000002 %
Abundance in Meteor
0,059 %
Abundance in Sun
0,0004 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0003 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.6332
2p3.9076
2s7.595
3d15.1446
3p13.5654
3s12.6777
4s21.4236