Kobalti

Kobalti (Co)

chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27
Atomic Number27
Atomic Weight58.933194
mass number59
Group9
Period4
Blockd
protoni27 p+
nyutroni32 n0
elektroni27 e-
Animated Bohr model of Co (Kobalti)

Physical Property

Atomic Radius
135 pm
molar volume
Covalent Radius
111 pm
Metallic Radius
116 pm
ionic radius
58 pm
Crystal Radius
72 pm
Van der Waals radius
200 pm
msongamano
8.86 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Kobalti020406080100120140160180200pmAtomic RadiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

nishati
proton affinity
742.7 kJ/mol
electron affinity
0.66225646 eV/particle
ionization energy
7.88101 eV/particle
ionization energy of Co (Kobalti)
enthalpy of vaporization
389.1 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
426.7 kJ/mol
elektroni
Mzingo elektroni2, 8, 15, 2
Bohr model: Co (Kobalti)
valence electron2
Lewis structure: Co (Kobalti)
electron configuration[Ar] 3d7 4s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4s2
Enhanced Bohr model of Co (Kobalti)
Orbital Diagram of Co (Kobalti)
oxidation number-3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
electronegativity
1.88
Electrophilicity Index
1.2638504937543713 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
3,200.15 K
Melting Point
1,768.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Kiwango utatu
appearance
Rangi
Gray
appearancehard lustrous gray metal
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion
0.000013 1/K
molar heat capacity
24.81 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.421 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
electrical conductivity
17 MS/m
electrical resistivity
0.00000006000000000002 m Ω
superconductivity
Uga sumaku
typeferromagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
1,394 K
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
2.51 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness
5 MPa
bulk modulus
180 GPa
shear modulus
75 GPa
Young's modulus
209 GPa
Poisson's ratio
0.31
speed of sound
4,720 m/s
classification
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIIIA
IUPAC GroupVIII
Glawe Number70
Mendeleev Number63
Pettifor Number64
Geochemical Classfirst series transition metal
Goldschmidt classificationsiderophile

other

Gas Basicity
719.8 kJ/mol
polarizability
55 ± 4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
408 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section
37.2
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.021
quantum number4F9/2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Cobalt

Stable Isotopes1
Unstable Isotopes31
Natural Isotopes1

47Co

mass number47
neutron number20
relative atomic mass
47.011401 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

48Co

mass number48
neutron number21
relative atomic mass
48.001857 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

49Co

mass number49
neutron number22
relative atomic mass
48.989501 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

50Co

mass number50
neutron number23
relative atomic mass
49.981117 ± 0.000135 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
38.8 ± 0.2 ms
spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1987
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)70.5%
2p (2-proton emission)

51Co

mass number51
neutron number24
relative atomic mass
50.970647 ± 0.000052 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
68.8 ± 1.9 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1987
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)3.8%

52Co

mass number52
neutron number25
relative atomic mass
51.963130224 ± 0.000005669 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
111.7 ± 2.1 ms
spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1987
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

53Co

mass number53
neutron number26
relative atomic mass
52.954203278 ± 0.000001854 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
244.6 ± 2.8 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1970
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

54Co

mass number54
neutron number27
relative atomic mass
53.948459075 ± 0.00000038 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
193.27 ± 0.06 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1952
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

55Co

mass number55
neutron number28
relative atomic mass
54.941996416 ± 0.000000434 Da
g-factor
1.3777142857143 ± 0.00085714285714286
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
17.53 ± 0.03 h
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1938
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

56Co

mass number56
neutron number29
relative atomic mass
55.939838032 ± 0.00000051 Da
g-factor
0.9625 ± 0.0025
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
77.236 ± 0.026 d
spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.25 ± 0.09
Uvumbuzi1941
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

57Co

mass number57
neutron number30
relative atomic mass
56.936289819 ± 0.000000553 Da
g-factor
1.3485714285714 ± 0.0028571428571429
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
271.811 ± 0.032 d
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.54 ± 0.1
Uvumbuzi1941
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

58Co

mass number58
neutron number31
relative atomic mass
57.935751292 ± 0.000001237 Da
g-factor
2.022 ± 0.004
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
70.844 ± 0.02 d
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.23 ± 0.03
Uvumbuzi1941
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)14.79%
ϵ (electron capture)85.21%

59Co

mass number59
neutron number32
relative atomic mass
58.933193524 ± 0.000000426 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
100
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.42 ± 0.03
Uvumbuzi1923
parity-

60Co

mass number60
neutron number33
relative atomic mass
59.933815536 ± 0.000000433 Da
g-factor
0.7598 ± 0.0016
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
5.2714 ± 0.0006 y
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.46 ± 0.06
Uvumbuzi1941
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

61Co

mass number61
neutron number34
relative atomic mass
60.932476031 ± 0.000000901 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
1.649 ± 0.005 h
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1947
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

62Co

mass number62
neutron number35
relative atomic mass
61.934058198 ± 0.00001994 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
1.54 ± 0.1 m
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1949
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

63Co

mass number63
neutron number36
relative atomic mass
62.93359963 ± 0.000019941 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
26.9 ± 0.4 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1960
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

64Co

mass number64
neutron number37
relative atomic mass
63.935810176 ± 0.000021476 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
300 ± 30 ms
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1969
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

65Co

mass number65
neutron number38
relative atomic mass
64.936462071 ± 0.000002235 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
1.16 ± 0.03 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1978
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

66Co

mass number66
neutron number39
relative atomic mass
65.939442943 ± 0.000015 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
194 ± 17 ms
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1985
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

67Co

mass number67
neutron number40
relative atomic mass
66.940609625 ± 0.000006917 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
329 ± 28 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1985
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

68Co

mass number68
neutron number41
relative atomic mass
67.944559401 ± 0.000004142 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
200 ± 20 ms
spin7
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1985
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

69Co

mass number69
neutron number42
relative atomic mass
68.945909 ± 0.000092 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
180 ± 20 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1985
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

70Co

mass number70
neutron number43
relative atomic mass
69.9500534 ± 0.0000118 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
508 ± 7 ms
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1998
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

71Co

mass number71
neutron number44
relative atomic mass
70.952366923 ± 0.00049923 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
80 ± 3 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1992
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)3%

72Co

mass number72
neutron number45
relative atomic mass
71.956736 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
51.5 ± 0.3 ms
spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1992
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)4%
2n (2-neutron emission)

73Co

mass number73
neutron number46
relative atomic mass
72.959238 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
42 ± 0.8 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1995
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)6%
2n (2-neutron emission)

74Co

mass number74
neutron number47
relative atomic mass
73.963993 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
31.3 ± 1.3 ms
spin7
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1995
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)18%
2n (2-neutron emission)

75Co

mass number75
neutron number48
relative atomic mass
74.967192 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
26.5 ± 1.2 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1995
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)16%
2n (2-neutron emission)

76Co

mass number76
neutron number49
relative atomic mass
75.972453 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
23 ± 6 ms
spin8
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2010
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

77Co

mass number77
neutron number50
relative atomic mass
76.976479 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
15 ± 6 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2014
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
3n (3-neutron emission)

78Co

mass number78
neutron number51
relative atomic mass
77.983553 ± 0.000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2017
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)
Kobalt electrolytic and 1cm3 cube

historia

mgunduzi au mvumbuziGeorge Brandt
location of discoverySweden
Uvumbuzi1739
EtimolojiaGerman: kobold (goblin).
pronunciationKO-bolt (Kiingereza)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (Bahari)
0.00002 mg/L
natural abundance (Mwili)
0.000002 %
natural abundance (Kimondo)
0.059 %
natural abundance (Jua)
0.0004 %
Abundance in Universe
0.0003 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.6332
2p3.9076
2s7.595
3d15.1446
3p13.5654
3s12.6777
4s21.4236