Atomic Number | 87 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 223 |
Mass Number | 197 |
Group | 1 |
---|---|
Period | 7 |
Block | s |
Protons | 87 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 110 n0 |
Electrons | 87 e- |
Atomic Radius | |
---|---|
Molar Volume | |
Covalent Radius | 223 pm
|
Metallic Radius | |
Ionic Radius | 180 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 194 pm
|
Van der Waals Radius |
348 pm
|
Density | 1.87 g/cm³
|
Energy | |
Proton Affinity | |
Electron Affinity | 0.486 eV/particle
|
Ionization Energy | 4.0727409 eV/particle
|
Heat of Vaporization | |
Heat of Fusion | 15 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Formation | |
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 1 |
Valence Electrons | 1 |
Electron Configuration | [Rn] 7s1 |
Oxidation States | 1 |
Electronegativity |
0.7
|
Electrophilicity | 0.7242688826969913 eV/particle
|
Phases | |
Phase | Solid |
Gas Phase | |
Boiling Point | |
Melting Point | 294.15 K
|
Critical Pressure | |
Critical Temperature | |
Triple Point | |
Visual | |
Color | Silver
|
Appearance | |
Refractive Index | |
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | |
Thermal Expansion | |
Molar Heat Capacity | |
Specific Heat Capacity | |
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | |
Electrical Conductivity | |
Electrical Resistivity | |
Superconducting Point | |
Magnetism | |
Type | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | |
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
Crystal Structure | (BCC) |
Lattice Constant | |
Lattice Angles | |
Mechanical Properties | |
Hardness | |
Bulk Modulus | |
Shear Modulus | |
Young Modulus | |
Poisson Ratio | |
Speed of Sound | |
Classification | |
Category | Alkali metals, Alkali metals |
CAS Group | IA |
IUPAC Group | IA |
Glawe Number | 7 |
Mendeleev Number | 6 |
Pettifor Number | 7 |
Geochemical Class | U/Th decay series |
Goldschmidt Class | synthetic |
Other | |
Gas Basicity | |
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
Allotropes | |
Neutron Cross Section | |
Neutron Mass Absorption | |
Quantum Numbers | 2S1/2 |
Space Group | () |
Stable Isotopes | 0 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 37 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 37 |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 197 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 2.3 ± 1.9 ms
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2013 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 198 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 15 ± 3 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2013 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 199 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 6.6 ± 2.2 ms
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1999 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 200 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 47.5 ± 2.8 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1995 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 201 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 62.8 ± 1.9 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1980 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 202 |
G-Factor | 1.3 ± 0.016666666666667
|
Half Life | 372 ± 12 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1980 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 203 |
G-Factor | 0.83111111111111 ± 0.0088888888888889
|
Half Life | 550 ± 10 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.47 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1967 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 204 |
G-Factor | 1.33 ± 0.01
|
Half Life | 1.75 ± 0.26 s
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.141 ± 0.009
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 96% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 205 |
G-Factor | 0.84444444444444 ± 0.0066666666666667
|
Half Life | 3.9 ± 0.07 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.305 ± 0.018
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 98.5% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 1.5% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 206 |
G-Factor | 1.3233333333333 ± 0.016666666666667
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.354 ± 0.009
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 88.4% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 11.6% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 207 |
G-Factor | 0.86 ± 0.0088888888888889
|
Half Life | 14.8 ± 0.1 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.24 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 95% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 208 |
G-Factor | 0.67285714285714 ± 0.0057142857142857
|
Half Life | 59.1 ± 0.3 s
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.052 ± 0.011
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 89% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 11% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 209 |
G-Factor | 0.87333333333333 ± 0.011111111111111
|
Half Life | 50.5 ± 0.7 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.26 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 89% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 11% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 210 |
G-Factor | 0.73 ± 0.0083333333333333
|
Half Life | 3.18 ± 0.06 m
|
Spin | 6 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.21 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 71% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 211 |
G-Factor | 0.88222222222222 ± 0.011111111111111
|
Half Life | 3.1 ± 0.02 m
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.21 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 87% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 13% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 212 |
G-Factor | 0.918 ± 0.01
|
Half Life | 20 ± 0.6 m
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.1 ± 0.002
|
Discovery Year | 1950 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 57% |
α (α emission) | 43% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 213 |
G-Factor | 0.88666666666667 ± 0.0022222222222222
|
Half Life | 34.14 ± 0.06 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.138 ± 0.003
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 99.44% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 0.56% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 214 |
G-Factor | 0.241 ± 0.016
|
Half Life | 5.51 ± 0.13 ms
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1967 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 215 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 90 ± 4 ns
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 216 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 700 ± 20 ns
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 217 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 22 ± 5 us
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 218 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 1.4 ± 0.5 ms
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 219 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 22.5 ± 1.7 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -1.19 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 220 |
G-Factor | -0.66 ± 0.01
|
Half Life | 27.4 ± 0.3 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.487 ± 0.008
|
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β− (β− decay) | 0.35% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 221 |
G-Factor | 0.628 ± 0.008
|
Half Life | 4.801 ± 0.005 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -1.02 ± 0.03
|
Discovery Year | 1947 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β− (β− decay) | 0.0048% |
14C | 8.8% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 222 |
G-Factor | 0.315 ± 0.005
|
Half Life | 14.2 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.51 ± 0.04
|
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 223 |
G-Factor | 0.77333333333333 ± 0.0066666666666667
|
Half Life | 22 ± 0.07 m
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 1.18 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1939 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
α (α emission) | 0.006% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 224 |
G-Factor | 0.4 ± 0.01
|
Half Life | 3.33 ± 0.1 m
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.523 ± 0.009
|
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 225 |
G-Factor | 0.70666666666667 ± 0.0066666666666667
|
Half Life | 3.95 ± 0.14 m
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 1.33 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 226 |
G-Factor | 0.0712 ± 0.0014
|
Half Life | 48.5 ± 0.7 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | -1.37 ± 0.03
|
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 227 |
G-Factor | 2.98 ± 0.04
|
Half Life | 2.47 ± 0.03 m
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1972 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 228 |
G-Factor | -0.38 ± 0.005
|
Half Life | 38 ± 1 s
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 2.41 ± 0.06
|
Discovery Year | 1972 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 229 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 50.2 ± 0.4 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 230 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 19.1 ± 0.5 s
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1987 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 231 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 17.6 ± 0.6 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1985 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 232 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 5.5 ± 0.6 s
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1990 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− SF (β−-delayed fission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 233 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 900 ± 100 ms
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2010 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
Francium was discovered in 1939 by Marguerite Perey of the Curie Institute in Paris, France. It was discovered when she was researching the radioactive decay of actinium-227. Marguerite Perey discovered that francium-223 is made naturally when actinium-227 emits an alpha-particle. Francium was named after France
Discoverers | Marguerite Derey |
---|---|
Discovery Location | France |
Discovery Year | 1939 |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Named for France, the nation of its discovery. |
Pronunciation | FRAN-si-em (English) |
Formed by decay of actinium. Chemical properties similar to cesium. Decays to radium or astatine.
Abundance | |
---|---|
Abundance in Earth's crust | |
Abundance in Oceans | |
Abundance in Human Body | 0 %
|
Abundance in Meteor | |
Abundance in Sun | |
Abundance in Universe | 0 %
|