Atomic Number | 87 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 223 |
Mass Number | 197 |
Group | 1 |
---|---|
Period | 7 |
Block | s |
Protons | 87 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 110 n0 |
Electrons | 87 e- |
Physical Properties | |
---|---|
Atomic Radius | |
Molar Volume | |
Covalent Radius | 223 pm
|
Metallic Radius | |
Ionic Radius | 180 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 194 pm
|
Van der Waals Radius |
348 pm
|
Density | 1.87 g/cm³
|
Energy | |
Proton Affinity | |
Electron Affinity | 0.486 eV/particle
|
Ionization Energy | 4.0727409 eV/particle
|
Heat of Vaporization | |
Heat of Fusion | 15 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Formation | |
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 1 |
Valence Electrons | 1 |
Electron Configuration | [Rn] 7s1 |
Oxidation States | 1 |
Electronegativity |
0.7
|
Electrophilicity | 0.7242688826969913 eV/particle
|
Phases | |
Phase | Solid |
Gas Phase | |
Boiling Point | |
Melting Point | 294.15 K
|
Critical Pressure | |
Critical Temperature | |
Triple Point | |
Visual | |
Francium is a Silver. Fr has a CPK of #ffffff, Jmol of #420066, and MOLCAS GV of #420066. | |
Color | Silver
|
Appearance | |
Refractive Index | |
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | |
Thermal Expansion | |
Molar Heat Capacity | |
Specific Heat Capacity | |
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | |
Electrical Conductivity | |
Electrical Resistivity | |
Superconducting Point | |
Magnetism | |
Type | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | |
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
The Crystal Structure of Francium is BCC. The lattice angles of Fr is . | |
Crystal Structure | (BCC) |
Lattice Constant | |
Lattice Angles | |
Mechanical Properties | |
Hardness | |
Bulk Modulus | |
Shear Modulus | |
Young Modulus | |
Poisson Ratio | |
Speed of Sound | |
Classification | |
The CAS Group of Francium is IA. The IUPAC Group of Fr is IA. The Glawe Number of Element 87 is 7. The Mendeleev Number of Francium (Fr) is 6. The Pettifor Number of Francium is 7. The Geochemical Class of Fr is U/Th decay series. The Goldschmidt Class of Element 87 is synthetic. | |
Category | Alkali metals, Alkali metals |
CAS Group | IA |
IUPAC Group | IA |
Glawe Number | 7 |
Mendeleev Number | 6 |
Pettifor Number | 7 |
Geochemical Class | U/Th decay series |
Goldschmidt Class | synthetic |
Other | |
The Dipole Polarizability of Francium is 317.8 plus or minus 2.4 a₀. The Allotropes of Fr is . The Quantum Numbers of Element 87 is 2S1/2. The Space Group of Francium (Fr) is (). | |
Gas Basicity | |
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
Allotropes | |
Neutron Cross Section | |
Neutron Mass Absorption | |
Quantum Numbers | 2S1/2 |
Space Group | () |
Stable Isotopes | 0 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 37 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 37 |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 197 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 2.3 ± 1.9 ms
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2013 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 198 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 15 ± 3 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2013 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 199 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 6.6 ± 2.2 ms
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1999 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 200 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 47.5 ± 2.8 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1995 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 201 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 62.8 ± 1.9 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1980 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 202 |
G-Factor | 1.3 ± 0.016666666666667
|
Half Life | 372 ± 12 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1980 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 203 |
G-Factor | 0.83111111111111 ± 0.0088888888888889
|
Half Life | 550 ± 10 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.47 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1967 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 204 |
G-Factor | 1.33 ± 0.01
|
Half Life | 1.75 ± 0.26 s
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.141 ± 0.009
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 96% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 205 |
G-Factor | 0.84444444444444 ± 0.0066666666666667
|
Half Life | 3.9 ± 0.07 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.305 ± 0.018
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 98.5% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 1.5% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 206 |
G-Factor | 1.3233333333333 ± 0.016666666666667
|
Half Life | |
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.354 ± 0.009
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 88.4% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 11.6% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 207 |
G-Factor | 0.86 ± 0.0088888888888889
|
Half Life | 14.8 ± 0.1 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.24 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 95% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 208 |
G-Factor | 0.67285714285714 ± 0.0057142857142857
|
Half Life | 59.1 ± 0.3 s
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.052 ± 0.011
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 89% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 11% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 209 |
G-Factor | 0.87333333333333 ± 0.011111111111111
|
Half Life | 50.5 ± 0.7 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.26 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 89% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 11% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 210 |
G-Factor | 0.73 ± 0.0083333333333333
|
Half Life | 3.18 ± 0.06 m
|
Spin | 6 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.21 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 71% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 211 |
G-Factor | 0.88222222222222 ± 0.011111111111111
|
Half Life | 3.1 ± 0.02 m
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.21 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 87% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 13% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 212 |
G-Factor | 0.918 ± 0.01
|
Half Life | 20 ± 0.6 m
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.1 ± 0.002
|
Discovery Year | 1950 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 57% |
α (α emission) | 43% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 213 |
G-Factor | 0.88666666666667 ± 0.0022222222222222
|
Half Life | 34.14 ± 0.06 s
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -0.138 ± 0.003
|
Discovery Year | 1964 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 99.44% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 0.56% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 214 |
G-Factor | 0.241 ± 0.016
|
Half Life | 5.51 ± 0.13 ms
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1967 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 215 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 90 ± 4 ns
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 216 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 700 ± 20 ns
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 217 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 22 ± 5 us
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 218 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 1.4 ± 0.5 ms
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 219 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 22.5 ± 1.7 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -1.19 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 220 |
G-Factor | -0.66 ± 0.01
|
Half Life | 27.4 ± 0.3 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.487 ± 0.008
|
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β− (β− decay) | 0.35% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 221 |
G-Factor | 0.628 ± 0.008
|
Half Life | 4.801 ± 0.005 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | -1.02 ± 0.03
|
Discovery Year | 1947 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β− (β− decay) | 0.0048% |
14C | 8.8% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 222 |
G-Factor | 0.315 ± 0.005
|
Half Life | 14.2 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.51 ± 0.04
|
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 223 |
G-Factor | 0.77333333333333 ± 0.0066666666666667
|
Half Life | 22 ± 0.07 m
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 1.18 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1939 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
α (α emission) | 0.006% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 224 |
G-Factor | 0.4 ± 0.01
|
Half Life | 3.33 ± 0.1 m
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0.523 ± 0.009
|
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 225 |
G-Factor | 0.70666666666667 ± 0.0066666666666667
|
Half Life | 3.95 ± 0.14 m
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 1.33 ± 0.02
|
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 226 |
G-Factor | 0.0712 ± 0.0014
|
Half Life | 48.5 ± 0.7 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | -1.37 ± 0.03
|
Discovery Year | 1969 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 227 |
G-Factor | 2.98 ± 0.04
|
Half Life | 2.47 ± 0.03 m
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1972 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 228 |
G-Factor | -0.38 ± 0.005
|
Half Life | 38 ± 1 s
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 2.41 ± 0.06
|
Discovery Year | 1972 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 229 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 50.2 ± 0.4 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1975 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 230 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 19.1 ± 0.5 s
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1987 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 231 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 17.6 ± 0.6 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1985 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 232 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 5.5 ± 0.6 s
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1990 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− SF (β−-delayed fission) | % |
Abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
Relative Atomic Mass | |
Mass Number | 233 |
G-Factor | |
Half Life | 900 ± 100 ms
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2010 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
Francium was discovered in 1939 by Marguerite Perey of the Curie Institute in Paris, France. It was discovered when she was researching the radioactive decay of actinium-227. Marguerite Perey discovered that francium-223 is made naturally when actinium-227 emits an alpha-particle. Francium was named after France
Discoverers | Marguerite Derey |
---|---|
Discovery Location | France |
Discovery Year | 1939 |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Named for France, the nation of its discovery. |
Pronunciation | FRAN-si-em (English) |
Formed by decay of actinium. Chemical properties similar to cesium. Decays to radium or astatine.
Abundance | |
---|---|
Abundance in Earth's crust | |
Abundance in Oceans | |
Abundance in Human Body | 0 %
|
Abundance in Meteor | |
Abundance in Sun | |
Abundance in Universe | 0 %
|