Atomic Number | 93 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 237 |
Mass Number | 219 |
Group | |
---|---|
Period | 7 |
Block | f |
Protons | 93 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 126 n0 |
Electrons | 93 e- |
Atomic Radius | |
---|---|
Molar Volume | |
Covalent Radius | |
Metallic Radius | |
Ionic Radius | |
Crystal Radius | |
Van der Waals Radius | |
Density |
Energy | |
---|---|
Proton Affinity | |
Electron Affinity | |
Ionization Energy | |
Heat of Vaporization | |
Heat of Fusion | |
Heat of Formation | |
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 32, 22, 9, 2 |
Valence Electrons | 2 ⓘ |
Electron Configuration | [Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2ⓘ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 5f4 6d1 7s2 |
Oxidation States | 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 |
Electronegativity |
1.3
|
Electrophilicity Index | |
States of Matter | |
Phase | Solid |
Gas Phase | |
Boiling Point | |
Melting Point | |
Critical Pressure | |
Critical Temperature | |
Triple Point | |
Visual | |
Neptunium is a Silver. Np has a CPK of #ffffff, Jmol of #0080ff, and MOLCAS GV of #0080ff. The Appearance of Element 93 is silvery metallic. | |
Color | Silver
|
Appearance | silvery metallic |
Refractive Index | |
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | |
Thermal Expansion | |
Molar Heat Capacity | |
Specific Heat Capacity | |
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | Conductor |
Electrical Conductivity | |
Electrical Resistivity | |
Superconducting Point | |
Magnetism | |
Type | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | |
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
The Crystal Structure of Neptunium is ORC. The lattice constant of Np is 4.72 Å. The lattice angles of Element 93 are π/2, π/2, π/2. | |
Crystal Structure | Simple Orthorhombic (ORC) |
Lattice Constant | |
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Mechanical Properties | |
Hardness | |
Bulk Modulus | |
Shear Modulus | |
Young's Modulus | |
Poisson Ratio | |
Speed of Sound | |
Classification | |
The Glawe Number of Neptunium is 37. The Mendeleev Number of Np is 22. The Pettifor Number of Element 93 is 44. The Goldschmidt Class of Neptunium (Np) is synthetic. | |
Category | Actinides, Actinides |
CAS Group | |
IUPAC Group | |
Glawe Number | 37 |
Mendeleev Number | 22 |
Pettifor Number | 44 |
Geochemical Class | |
Goldschmidt Class | synthetic |
The Dipole Polarizability of Neptunium is 151 plus or minus 20 a₀. The Allotropes of Np is . The Neutron Cross Section of Element 93 is 180. The Quantum Numbers of Neptunium (Np) is 6L11/2. The Space Group of Neptunium is 62 (Pnma).
Gas Basicity | |
---|---|
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
Allotropes | |
Neutron Cross Section | 180
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | |
Quantum Numbers | 6L11/2 |
Space Group | 62 (Pnma) |
Stable Isotopes | 0 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 27 |
Natural Isotopes | 0 |
Mass Number | 219 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 126 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 570 ± 450 us
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2015 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 220 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 127 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 29 ± 11 ns
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2019 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 221 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 128 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | |
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) |
Mass Number | 222 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 129 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 480 ± 190 ns
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2020 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 223 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 130 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 2.5 ± 0.8 us
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2017 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 224 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 131 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 48 ± 19 us
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2018 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 225 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 132 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 6.5 ± 3.5 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 226 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 133 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 35 ± 10 ms
|
Spin | |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1990 |
Parity |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 227 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 134 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 510 ± 60 ms
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1990 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 228 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 135 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 61.4 ± 1.4 s
|
Spin | 4 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 59% |
α (α emission) | 41% |
β+ SF (β+-delayed fission) | 0.012% |
Mass Number | 229 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 136 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 4 ± 0.18 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 68% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 230 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 137 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 4.6 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 4 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 97% |
α (α emission) | 3% |
Mass Number | 231 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 138 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 48.8 ± 0.2 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1950 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 98% |
α (α emission) | 2% |
Mass Number | 232 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 139 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 14.7 ± 0.3 m
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1950 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
α (α emission) |
Mass Number | 233 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 140 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 36.2 ± 0.1 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1950 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
α (α emission) | 0.0007% |
Mass Number | 234 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 141 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 4.4 ± 0.1 d
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
Mass Number | 235 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 142 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 396.1 ± 1.2 d
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 99.9974% |
α (α emission) | 0.0026% |
Mass Number | 236 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 143 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 153 ± 5 ky
|
Spin | 6 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 86.3% |
β− (β− decay) | 13.5% |
α (α emission) | 0.16% |
Mass Number | 237 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 144 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 2.144 ± 0.007 My
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 3.886 ± 0.006
|
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
SF (spontaneous fission) | 2% |
30Mg | 4% |
Mass Number | 238 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 145 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 2.099 ± 0.002 d
|
Spin | 2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 239 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 146 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 2.356 ± 0.003 d
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1940 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
α (α emission) |
Mass Number | 240 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 147 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 61.9 ± 0.2 m
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1953 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 241 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 148 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 13.9 ± 0.2 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1959 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
α (α emission) |
Mass Number | 242 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 149 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 2.2 ± 0.2 m
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1979 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 243 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 150 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 1.85 ± 0.15 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1979 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 244 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 151 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 2.29 ± 0.16 m
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1987 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 245 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 152 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | |
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) |
Neptunium was the first synthetic transuranium element of the actinide series to be discovered. Neptunium was first produced by Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson in 1940 at Berkeley Radiation Laboratory of the University of California. The team produced the neptunium isotope 239Np by bombarding uranium with slow moving neutrons. Named after the planet Neptune
Discoverers | E.M. McMillan, P.H. Abelson |
---|---|
Discovery Location | United States |
Discovery Year | 1940 |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Named for the planet Neptune. |
Pronunciation | nep-TOO-ni-em (English) |
Produced by bombarding uranium with slow neutrons.
Abundance | |
---|---|
Abundance in Earth's crust | |
Natural Abundance (Oceans) | |
Natural Abundance (Human Body) | 0 %
|
Natural Abundance (Meteor) | 0 %
|
Natural Abundance (Sun) | 0 %
|
Abundance in Universe | 0 %
|