Plutonium (Pu)

grundstof med atomnummer 94

Atomnummer	94
Atommasse	244
mass number	221

Gruppe
Periode	7
Blok	f

proton	94 p⁺
neutron	127 n⁰
elektron	94 e^-

Animated Bohrs atommodel of Pu (Plutonium)

Fysisk Egenskab

Atomradius	175 pm 278 pm
molar volume
Kovalent Radius	172 pm 135 pm 187 pm
Metallic Radius
Ionisk radius	100 pm 86 pm 96 pm 74 pm 71 pm 116,8 pm
Crystal Radius	114 pm 100 pm 110 pm 88 pm 85 pm 130,8 pm
Van der Waals-radius	243 pm 252 pm 342,4 pm
massefylde	19,7 g/cm³ 16.630 kg/m³

Kemisk Egenskab

energi

proton affinity
electron affinity
ioniseringsenergi	6,0258 eV/particle 11,5 eV/particle 21 eV/particle 35 eV/particle 49 eV/particle 80 eV/particle 95 eV/particle 109 eV/particle 124 eV/particle 139 eV/particle 159 eV/particle 179 eV/particle 200 eV/particle 219 eV/particle 258 eV/particle 278 eV/particle 389 eV/particle 416 eV/particle 444 eV/particle 474 eV/particle 503 eV/particle 532 eV/particle 575 eV/particle 605 eV/particle 637 eV/particle 668 eV/particle 820 eV/particle 850 eV/particle 890 eV/particle 930 eV/particle 1.030 eV/particle 1.070 eV/particle 1.180 eV/particle 1.220 eV/particle 1.340 eV/particle 1.420 eV/particle 1.500 eV/particle 1.580 eV/particle 1.660 eV/particle 1.700 eV/particle 1.820 eV/particle 1.890 eV/particle 1.990 eV/particle 2.070 eV/particle 2.150 eV/particle 2.200 eV/particle 2.310 eV/particle 2.390 eV/particle 2.774 eV/particle 2.844 eV/particle 2.918 eV/particle 2.997 eV/particle 3.072 eV/particle 3.146 eV/particle 3.290 eV/particle 3.366 eV/particle 3.449 eV/particle 3.527 eV/particle 3.836 eV/particle 3.911 eV/particle 3.993 eV/particle 4.068 eV/particle 4.496 eV/particle 4.585 eV/particle 4.807 eV/particle 4.890 eV/particle 7.820 eV/particle 7.990 eV/particle 8.170 eV/particle 8.360 eV/particle 8.540 eV/particle 8.720 eV/particle 9.130 eV/particle 9.310 eV/particle 9.520 eV/particle 9.700 eV/particle 10.230 eV/particle 10.390 eV/particle 10.570 eV/particle 10.730 eV/particle 12.060 eV/particle 12.260 eV/particle 12.660 eV/particle 12.840 eV/particle 26.480 eV/particle 26.920 eV/particle 27.400 eV/particle 27.840 eV/particle 32.800 eV/particle 33.400 eV/particle 34.100 eV/particle 34.625,8 eV/particle 136.299,2 eV/particle 138.646 eV/particle

Fordampningsvarme	343,5 kJ/mol
smeltevarme	2,8 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	345 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronskal	2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2

Valenselektron	2 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Rn] 5f⁶ 7s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 5f⁶ 7s²

Oxidationstrin	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Elektronegativitet	0.16137 1.3
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter

stoffase	Fast stof
gaseous state of matter
Kogepunkt	3.501,15 K
Smeltepunkt	913,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
appearance
farve	Silver #ffffff #006bff #006bff
appearance	silvery white, tarnishing to dark gray in air
Brydningsindeks
materialeegenskab
Varmeledningsevne
Termisk ekspansion
molar heat capacity
Varmefylde
Adiabateksponenten
electrical properties
type	Conductor
specifik ledningsevne	0,67 MS/m
Elektrisk resistivitet	0,0000015 Ω*m
superledning
Magnetisme
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,0000000317 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000007735 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,0006282
magnetic ordering
Curietemperaturen
Néel temperature
struktur
Krystalstruktur	Simpel Monoklin (MCL)
lattice constant
Lattice Angles	π/2, 1.776571, π/2
mechanical property
hårdhed
Kompressibilitetsmodul
Forskydningsmodul	43 GPa
E-modul	96 GPa
Poissons forhold	0,21
speed of sound	2.260 m/s
klassificering
Kategori	Actinider, Actinides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number	38
Mendeleev Number	24
Pettifor Number	43
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	synthetic

øvrige

Gas Basicity
polarizability	132 ± 20 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section	1,7
Neutron Mass Absorption
quantum number	7F0
rumgruppe	11 (P121/m1)

Isotopes of Plutonium

Stable Isotopes	0
Unstable Isotopes	27
Natural Isotopes	0

²²¹Pu

mass number	221
neutron number	127
Relative Atomic Mass	221,038572 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²²Pu

mass number	222
neutron number	128
Relative Atomic Mass	222,037638 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²³Pu

mass number	223
neutron number	129
Relative Atomic Mass	223,038777 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁴Pu

mass number	224
neutron number	130
Relative Atomic Mass	224,037875 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁵Pu

mass number	225
neutron number	131
Relative Atomic Mass	225,03897 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁶Pu

mass number	226
neutron number	132
Relative Atomic Mass	226,03825 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁷Pu

mass number	227
neutron number	133
Relative Atomic Mass	227,039474 ± 0,000107 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)

²²⁸Pu

mass number	228
neutron number	134
Relative Atomic Mass	228,038763325 ± 0,000025069 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,1 ± 1,3 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1994
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

²²⁹Pu

mass number	229
neutron number	135
Relative Atomic Mass	229,040145099 ± 0,000065092 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	91 ± 26 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1994
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	50%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	50%
SF (spontaneous fission)	7%

²³⁰Pu

mass number	230
neutron number	136
Relative Atomic Mass	230,039648313 ± 0,000015514 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	105 ± 10 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1990
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

²³¹Pu

mass number	231
neutron number	137
Relative Atomic Mass	231,041125946 ± 0,000023683 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	8,6 ± 0,5 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1999
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
α (α emission)	13%

²³²Pu

mass number	232
neutron number	138
Relative Atomic Mass	232,041182133 ± 0,000018126 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	33,7 ± 0,5 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1973
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)
α (α emission)	20%

²³³Pu

mass number	233
neutron number	139
Relative Atomic Mass	233,042997411 ± 0,000058162 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	20,9 ± 0,4 m
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1957
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.12%

²³⁴Pu

mass number	234
neutron number	140
Relative Atomic Mass	234,043317489 ± 0,000007298 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	8,8 ± 0,1 h
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1949
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)	94%
α (α emission)	6%

²³⁵Pu

mass number	235
neutron number	141
Relative Atomic Mass	235,045284609 ± 0,00002203 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	25,3 ± 0,5 m
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1957
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	99.9972%
α (α emission)	0.0028%

²³⁶Pu

mass number	236
neutron number	142
Relative Atomic Mass	236,046056661 ± 0,000001942 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,858 ± 0,008 y
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1949
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	1.9%
28Mg	2%
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

²³⁷Pu

mass number	237
neutron number	143
Relative Atomic Mass	237,048407888 ± 0,000001821 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	45,64 ± 0,04 d
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1949
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)	99.9958%
α (α emission)	0.0042%

²³⁸Pu

mass number	238
neutron number	144
Relative Atomic Mass	238,049558175 ± 0,000001221 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	87,7 ± 0,1 y
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1949
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	1.9%
32Si	1.4%
30Mg	6%

²³⁹Pu

mass number	239
neutron number	145
Relative Atomic Mass	239,052161596 ± 0,000001194 Da
g-factor	0,404 ± 0,008
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	24,11 ± 0,03 ky
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1946
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	3.1%

²⁴⁰Pu

mass number	240
neutron number	146
Relative Atomic Mass	240,05381174 ± 0,000001186 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	6,561 ± 0,007 ky
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1949
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	5.796%
34Si	1.3%

²⁴¹Pu

mass number	241
neutron number	147
Relative Atomic Mass	241,056849651 ± 0,000001186 Da
g-factor	-0,2712 ± 0,0056
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	14,329 ± 0,029 y
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	6
opdagelsesdato	1949
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
α (α emission)	0.00245%
SF (spontaneous fission)	2.4%

²⁴²Pu

mass number	242
neutron number	148
Relative Atomic Mass	242,058740979 ± 0,000001336 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	375 ± 2 ky
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1950
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	5.51%

²⁴³Pu

mass number	243
neutron number	149
Relative Atomic Mass	243,062002068 ± 0,000002728 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	4,9553 ± 0,0025 h
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1951
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁴Pu

mass number	244
neutron number	150
Relative Atomic Mass	244,064204401 ± 0,000002518 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	81,3 ± 0,3 My
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1954
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	99.877%
SF (spontaneous fission)	0.123%
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	7.3%

²⁴⁵Pu

mass number	245
neutron number	151
Relative Atomic Mass	245,067824554 ± 0,000014621 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	10,5 ± 0,1 h
spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1955
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁶Pu

mass number	246
neutron number	152
Relative Atomic Mass	246,070204172 ± 0,000016087 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	10,84 ± 0,02 d
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1955
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁷Pu

mass number	247
neutron number	153
Relative Atomic Mass	247,0743 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,27 ± 0,23 d
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1983
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

historie

opdager eller opfinder	G.T.Seaborg, J.W.Kennedy, E.M.McMillan, A.C.Wohl
fundsted	United States
opdagelsesdato	1940
etymologi	Named for the planet Pluto.
udtale	ploo-TOE-ni-em (engelsk)

source

Forekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (verdenshave)
natural abundance (menneskelige krop)	0 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0 %
natural abundance (Solen)	0 %
Abundance in Universe	0 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

Plutonium on ChemicalAid

Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3558
BNCF	23908
CAB ID	7538
CAS-nummer	7440-07-5
ChEBI-ID	33388
ChemSpider ID	22382
Common Procurement Vocabulary	09342000
Cultureel Woordenboek identifikationskode	natuurkunde-scheikunde-en-sterrenkunde/plutonium
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID2047646
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID4064682
Den Store Danske-ID	plutonium
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.288
Enciclopedia Treccani	plutonio
Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID	science/plutonium
Encyclopædia Universalis-ID	plutonium
EuroVoc ID	2429
Freebase-ID	/m/026mkzy
French Vikidia ID	Plutonium
GND-identifikator	4136381-4
InChI	InChI=1S/Pu
InChIKey	OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Plutonium
KEGG-ID	C19159
LCAuth	sh85103582
LEM ID	LEM201007253
MeSH ID	D011005
NDL-nummer	00569238
Namuwiki ID	플루토늄
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007558091105171
OmegaWiki-betydningsdefinition	2844
OpenAlex ID	C540271850
PDB-identifikator	4ZHD
PSH-ID	5778
PubChem CID	23940
Quora emne-ID	Plutonium
RxNorm ID	1600135
Römpp online ID	RD-16-02849
Store katalanske encyklopædi-ID	0132875
Store norske leksikon-ID	plutonium
Store russiske encyklopædi Online-ID	3146707
UK Archival Thesaurus ID	f2/mt225/4347/5016
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	12167
UNESCO-tesaurus identifikationskode	concept14021
UNII	53023GN24M
USGS Thesaurus ID	1539
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14673953-n
YSO ID	4992

Plutonium (Pu)

Fysisk Egenskab

Kemisk Egenskab

øvrige

Isotopes of Plutonium

221Pu

222Pu

223Pu

224Pu

225Pu

226Pu

227Pu

228Pu

229Pu

230Pu

231Pu

232Pu

233Pu

234Pu

235Pu

236Pu

237Pu

238Pu

239Pu

240Pu

241Pu

242Pu

243Pu

244Pu

245Pu

246Pu

247Pu

historie

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

²²¹Pu

²²²Pu

²²³Pu

²²⁴Pu

²²⁵Pu

²²⁶Pu

²²⁷Pu

²²⁸Pu

²²⁹Pu

²³⁰Pu

²³¹Pu

²³²Pu

²³³Pu

²³⁴Pu

²³⁵Pu

²³⁶Pu

²³⁷Pu

²³⁸Pu

²³⁹Pu

²⁴⁰Pu

²⁴¹Pu

²⁴²Pu

²⁴³Pu

²⁴⁴Pu

²⁴⁵Pu

²⁴⁶Pu

²⁴⁷Pu