Plutonijs (Pu)

radioactive chemical element with the atomic number of 94 and symbol Pu

Atomic Number	94
Atomic Weight	244
Masas skaitlis	221

Group
Period	7
Block	f

protons	94 p⁺
neitrons	127 n⁰
elektrons	94 e^-

Animated Bora atoma struktūras modelis of Pu (Plutonijs)

Fizikāla Īpašība

Atoma Rādiuss	175 pm 278 pm
molar volume
Covalent Radius	172 pm 135 pm 187 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius	100 pm 86 pm 96 pm 74 pm 71 pm 116,8 pm
Crystal Radius	114 pm 100 pm 110 pm 88 pm 85 pm 130,8 pm
Van der Waals radius	243 pm 252 pm 342,4 pm
blīvums	19,7 g/cm³ 16 630 kg/m³

Chemical Property

enerģija

proton affinity
Elektrontieksme
jonizācijas potenciāls	6,0258 eV/particle 11,5 eV/particle 21 eV/particle 35 eV/particle 49 eV/particle 80 eV/particle 95 eV/particle 109 eV/particle 124 eV/particle 139 eV/particle 159 eV/particle 179 eV/particle 200 eV/particle 219 eV/particle 258 eV/particle 278 eV/particle 389 eV/particle 416 eV/particle 444 eV/particle 474 eV/particle 503 eV/particle 532 eV/particle 575 eV/particle 605 eV/particle 637 eV/particle 668 eV/particle 820 eV/particle 850 eV/particle 890 eV/particle 930 eV/particle 1 030 eV/particle 1 070 eV/particle 1 180 eV/particle 1 220 eV/particle 1 340 eV/particle 1 420 eV/particle 1 500 eV/particle 1 580 eV/particle 1 660 eV/particle 1 700 eV/particle 1 820 eV/particle 1 890 eV/particle 1 990 eV/particle 2 070 eV/particle 2 150 eV/particle 2 200 eV/particle 2 310 eV/particle 2 390 eV/particle 2 774 eV/particle 2 844 eV/particle 2 918 eV/particle 2 997 eV/particle 3 072 eV/particle 3 146 eV/particle 3 290 eV/particle 3 366 eV/particle 3 449 eV/particle 3 527 eV/particle 3 836 eV/particle 3 911 eV/particle 3 993 eV/particle 4 068 eV/particle 4 496 eV/particle 4 585 eV/particle 4 807 eV/particle 4 890 eV/particle 7 820 eV/particle 7 990 eV/particle 8 170 eV/particle 8 360 eV/particle 8 540 eV/particle 8 720 eV/particle 9 130 eV/particle 9 310 eV/particle 9 520 eV/particle 9 700 eV/particle 10 230 eV/particle 10 390 eV/particle 10 570 eV/particle 10 730 eV/particle 12 060 eV/particle 12 260 eV/particle 12 660 eV/particle 12 840 eV/particle 26 480 eV/particle 26 920 eV/particle 27 400 eV/particle 27 840 eV/particle 32 800 eV/particle 33 400 eV/particle 34 100 eV/particle 34 625,8 eV/particle 136 299,2 eV/particle 138 646 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	343,5 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	2,8 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	345 kJ/mol
elektrons

electron shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2

vērtības elektrons	2 ⓘ

elektronu konfigurācija	[Rn] 5f⁶ 7s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 5f⁶ 7s²

Oksidēšanas pakāpe	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
elektronegativitāte	0.16137 1.3
Electrophilicity Index
fundamentālais agregātstāvoklis

agregātstāvoklis	Solid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	3 501,15 K
Melting Point	913,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trīskāršais punkts
appearance
krāsa	Silver #ffffff #006bff #006bff
appearance	silvery white, tarnishing to dark gray in air
Laušanas koeficients
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
Termiskā izplešanās
Molārā siltumietilpība
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	0,67 MS/m
īpatnējā pretestība	0,0000015 Ω*m
Supravadītspēja
Magnētisms
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,0000000317 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000007735 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,0006282
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
struktūra
Crystal Structure	Simple Monoclinic (MCL)
lattice constant
Lattice Angles	π/2, 1.776571, π/2
mechanical property
Cietība
tilpuma elastības modulis
shear modulus	43 GPa
Junga modulis	96 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0,21
skaņas ātrums	2 260 m/s
klasifikācija
Category	Actinides, Actinides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number	38
Mendeleev Number	24
Pettifor Number	43
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	synthetic

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	132 ± 20 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section	1,7
Neutron Mass Absorption
quantum number	7F0
space group	11 (P121/m1)

Isotopes of Plutonium

Stable Isotopes	0
Unstable Isotopes	27
Natural Isotopes	0

²²¹Pu

Masas skaitlis	221
neutron number	127
Relative Atomic Mass	221,038572 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²²Pu

Masas skaitlis	222
neutron number	128
Relative Atomic Mass	222,037638 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²³Pu

Masas skaitlis	223
neutron number	129
Relative Atomic Mass	223,038777 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁴Pu

Masas skaitlis	224
neutron number	130
Relative Atomic Mass	224,037875 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁵Pu

Masas skaitlis	225
neutron number	131
Relative Atomic Mass	225,03897 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁶Pu

Masas skaitlis	226
neutron number	132
Relative Atomic Mass	226,03825 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁷Pu

Masas skaitlis	227
neutron number	133
Relative Atomic Mass	227,039474 ± 0,000107 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)

²²⁸Pu

Masas skaitlis	228
neutron number	134
Relative Atomic Mass	228,038763325 ± 0,000025069 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	2,1 ± 1,3 s
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

²²⁹Pu

Masas skaitlis	229
neutron number	135
Relative Atomic Mass	229,040145099 ± 0,000065092 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	91 ± 26 s
spins	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1994
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	50%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	50%
SF (spontaneous fission)	7%

²³⁰Pu

Masas skaitlis	230
neutron number	136
Relative Atomic Mass	230,039648313 ± 0,000015514 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	105 ± 10 s
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1990
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

²³¹Pu

Masas skaitlis	231
neutron number	137
Relative Atomic Mass	231,041125946 ± 0,000023683 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	8,6 ± 0,5 m
spins	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1999
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
α (α emission)	13%

²³²Pu

Masas skaitlis	232
neutron number	138
Relative Atomic Mass	232,041182133 ± 0,000018126 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	33,7 ± 0,5 m
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1973
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)
α (α emission)	20%

²³³Pu

Masas skaitlis	233
neutron number	139
Relative Atomic Mass	233,042997411 ± 0,000058162 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	20,9 ± 0,4 m
spins	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1957
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.12%

²³⁴Pu

Masas skaitlis	234
neutron number	140
Relative Atomic Mass	234,043317489 ± 0,000007298 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	8,8 ± 0,1 h
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1949
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	94%
α (α emission)	6%

²³⁵Pu

Masas skaitlis	235
neutron number	141
Relative Atomic Mass	235,045284609 ± 0,00002203 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	25,3 ± 0,5 m
spins	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1957
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	99.9972%
α (α emission)	0.0028%

²³⁶Pu

Masas skaitlis	236
neutron number	142
Relative Atomic Mass	236,046056661 ± 0,000001942 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	2,858 ± 0,008 y
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1949
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	1.9%
28Mg	2%
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

²³⁷Pu

Masas skaitlis	237
neutron number	143
Relative Atomic Mass	237,048407888 ± 0,000001821 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	45,64 ± 0,04 d
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1949
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	99.9958%
α (α emission)	0.0042%

²³⁸Pu

Masas skaitlis	238
neutron number	144
Relative Atomic Mass	238,049558175 ± 0,000001221 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	87,7 ± 0,1 y
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1949
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	1.9%
32Si	1.4%
30Mg	6%

²³⁹Pu

Masas skaitlis	239
neutron number	145
Relative Atomic Mass	239,052161596 ± 0,000001194 Da
g-factor	0,404 ± 0,008
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	24,11 ± 0,03 ky
spins	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1946
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	3.1%

²⁴⁰Pu

Masas skaitlis	240
neutron number	146
Relative Atomic Mass	240,05381174 ± 0,000001186 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	6,561 ± 0,007 ky
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1949
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	5.796%
34Si	1.3%

²⁴¹Pu

Masas skaitlis	241
neutron number	147
Relative Atomic Mass	241,056849651 ± 0,000001186 Da
g-factor	-0,2712 ± 0,0056
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	14,329 ± 0,029 y
spins	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	6
atklāšanas datums	1949
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
α (α emission)	0.00245%
SF (spontaneous fission)	2.4%

²⁴²Pu

Masas skaitlis	242
neutron number	148
Relative Atomic Mass	242,058740979 ± 0,000001336 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	375 ± 2 ky
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1950
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	5.51%

²⁴³Pu

Masas skaitlis	243
neutron number	149
Relative Atomic Mass	243,062002068 ± 0,000002728 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	4,9553 ± 0,0025 h
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1951
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁴Pu

Masas skaitlis	244
neutron number	150
Relative Atomic Mass	244,064204401 ± 0,000002518 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	81,3 ± 0,3 My
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1954
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
α (α emission)	99.877%
SF (spontaneous fission)	0.123%
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	7.3%

²⁴⁵Pu

Masas skaitlis	245
neutron number	151
Relative Atomic Mass	245,067824554 ± 0,000014621 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	10,5 ± 0,1 h
spins	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1955
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁶Pu

Masas skaitlis	246
neutron number	152
Relative Atomic Mass	246,070204172 ± 0,000016087 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	10,84 ± 0,02 d
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1955
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁷Pu

Masas skaitlis	247
neutron number	153
Relative Atomic Mass	247,0743 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	2,27 ± 0,23 d
spins	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1983
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

vēsture

atklājējs vai izgudrotājs	G.T.Seaborg, J.W.Kennedy, E.M.McMillan, A.C.Wohl
atraduma atrašanās vieta	United States
atklāšanas datums	1940
Etimoloģija	Named for the planet Pluto.
izruna	ploo-TOE-ni-em (angļu)

avots

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (okeāns)
natural abundance (cilvēka ķermenis)	0 %
natural abundance (meteoroīds)	0 %
natural abundance (Saule)	0 %
Abundance in Universe	0 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

Plutonijs on ChemicalAid

Austrālijas Izglītības vārdnīcas identifikators	scot/3558
BNCF	23908
CAB ID	7538
CAS reģistrācijas numurs	7440-07-5
ChEBI ID	33388
ChemSpider ID	22382
Common Procurement Vocabulary	09342000
Cultureel Woordenboek ID	natuurkunde-scheikunde-en-sterrenkunde/plutonium
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID2047646
DSSTox identifikators	DTXSID4064682
Den Store Danske ID	plutonium
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.288
Encyclopædia Britannica tiešsaistes ID	science/plutonium
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	plutonium
EuroVoc ID	2429
Freebase identifikators	/m/026mkzy
French Vikidia ID	Plutonium
GND identifikators	4136381-4
InChI	InChI=1S/Pu
InChIKey	OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Plutonium
KEGG ID	C19159
Katalāņu Lielās enciklopēdijas kods	0132875
Krievijas Lielās enciklopēdijas tiešsaistes kods	3146707
LCCN identifikators	sh85103582
LEM ID	LEM201007253
MeSH ID	D011005
NDL identifikators	00569238
Namuwiki ID	플루토늄
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007558091105171
OmegaWiki definētā nozīme	2844
OpenAlex ID	C540271850
PDB structure ID	4ZHD
PSH ID	5778
PubChem ID (CID)	23940
Quora temata ID	Plutonium
RxNorm ID	1600135
Römpp online ID	RD-16-02849
Store norske leksikon ID	plutonium
Treccani ID	plutonio
UK Archival Thesaurus ID	f2/mt225/4347/5016
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	12167
UNESCO Thesaurus ID	concept14021
UNII	53023GN24M
USGS Thesaurus ID	1539
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14673953-n
YSO ID	4992

Plutonijs (Pu)

Fizikāla Īpašība

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Plutonium

221Pu

222Pu

223Pu

224Pu

225Pu

226Pu

227Pu

228Pu

229Pu

230Pu

231Pu

232Pu

233Pu

234Pu

235Pu

236Pu

237Pu

238Pu

239Pu

240Pu

241Pu

242Pu

243Pu

244Pu

245Pu

246Pu

247Pu

vēsture

avots

Nuclear Screening Constants

²²¹Pu

²²²Pu

²²³Pu

²²⁴Pu

²²⁵Pu

²²⁶Pu

²²⁷Pu

²²⁸Pu

²²⁹Pu

²³⁰Pu

²³¹Pu

²³²Pu

²³³Pu

²³⁴Pu

²³⁵Pu

²³⁶Pu

²³⁷Pu

²³⁸Pu

²³⁹Pu

²⁴⁰Pu

²⁴¹Pu

²⁴²Pu

²⁴³Pu

²⁴⁴Pu

²⁴⁵Pu

²⁴⁶Pu

²⁴⁷Pu