Plutonium (Pu)

radioactive chemical element with the atomic number of 94 and symbol Pu

Atomic Number	94
Atomic Weight	244
Nombor jisim	221

Group
Period	7
Block	f

proton	94 p⁺
neutron	127 n⁰
Elektron	94 e^-

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	175 pm 278 pm
molar volume
Jejari kovalen	172 pm 135 pm 187 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius	100 pm 86 pm 96 pm 74 pm 71 pm 116.8 pm
Crystal Radius	114 pm 100 pm 110 pm 88 pm 85 pm 130.8 pm
Jejari van der Waals	243 pm 252 pm 342.4 pm
ketumpatan	19.7 g/cm³ 16,630 kg/m³

Sifat Kimia

{ERROR}

tenaga

proton affinity
Pertalian elektron
ionization energy	6.0258 eV/particle 11.5 eV/particle 21 eV/particle 35 eV/particle 49 eV/particle 80 eV/particle 95 eV/particle 109 eV/particle 124 eV/particle 139 eV/particle 159 eV/particle 179 eV/particle 200 eV/particle 219 eV/particle 258 eV/particle 278 eV/particle 389 eV/particle 416 eV/particle 444 eV/particle 474 eV/particle 503 eV/particle 532 eV/particle 575 eV/particle 605 eV/particle 637 eV/particle 668 eV/particle 820 eV/particle 850 eV/particle 890 eV/particle 930 eV/particle 1,030 eV/particle 1,070 eV/particle 1,180 eV/particle 1,220 eV/particle 1,340 eV/particle 1,420 eV/particle 1,500 eV/particle 1,580 eV/particle 1,660 eV/particle 1,700 eV/particle 1,820 eV/particle 1,890 eV/particle 1,990 eV/particle 2,070 eV/particle 2,150 eV/particle 2,200 eV/particle 2,310 eV/particle 2,390 eV/particle 2,774 eV/particle 2,844 eV/particle 2,918 eV/particle 2,997 eV/particle 3,072 eV/particle 3,146 eV/particle 3,290 eV/particle 3,366 eV/particle 3,449 eV/particle 3,527 eV/particle 3,836 eV/particle 3,911 eV/particle 3,993 eV/particle 4,068 eV/particle 4,496 eV/particle 4,585 eV/particle 4,807 eV/particle 4,890 eV/particle 7,820 eV/particle 7,990 eV/particle 8,170 eV/particle 8,360 eV/particle 8,540 eV/particle 8,720 eV/particle 9,130 eV/particle 9,310 eV/particle 9,520 eV/particle 9,700 eV/particle 10,230 eV/particle 10,390 eV/particle 10,570 eV/particle 10,730 eV/particle 12,060 eV/particle 12,260 eV/particle 12,660 eV/particle 12,840 eV/particle 26,480 eV/particle 26,920 eV/particle 27,400 eV/particle 27,840 eV/particle 32,800 eV/particle 33,400 eV/particle 34,100 eV/particle 34,625.8 eV/particle 136,299.2 eV/particle 138,646 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	343.5 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	2.8 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	345 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2

Elektron valens	2 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[Rn] 5f⁶ 7s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 5f⁶ 7s²

Keadaan pengoksidaan	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Keelektronegatifan	0.16137 1.3
Electrophilicity Index
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	3,501.15 K
Melting Point	913.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
rupa
warna	Black #ffffff #006bff #006bff
rupa	silvery white, tarnishing to dark gray in air
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Kekonduksian elektrik	0.67 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik	0.0000015 Ω*m
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0.0000000317 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0.000000007735 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0.0006282
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant
Lattice Angles	π/2, 1.776571, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal
shear modulus	43 GPa
Young's modulus	96 GPa
Nisbah Poisson	0.21
Kelajuan bunyi	2,260 m/s
pengelasan
Category	Actinides, Actinides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number	38
Mendeleev Number	24
Pettifor Number	43
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	synthetic

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	132 ± 20 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section	1.7
Neutron Mass Absorption
Nombor kuantum	7F0
space group	11 (P121/m1)

Isotopes of Plutonium

Stable Isotopes	0
Unstable Isotopes	27
Natural Isotopes	0

²²¹Pu

Nombor jisim	221
nombor neutron	127
Jisim Atom Relatif	221.038572 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²²Pu

Nombor jisim	222
nombor neutron	128
Jisim Atom Relatif	222.037638 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²³Pu

Nombor jisim	223
nombor neutron	129
Jisim Atom Relatif	223.038777 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁴Pu

Nombor jisim	224
nombor neutron	130
Jisim Atom Relatif	224.037875 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁵Pu

Nombor jisim	225
nombor neutron	131
Jisim Atom Relatif	225.03897 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁶Pu

Nombor jisim	226
nombor neutron	132
Jisim Atom Relatif	226.03825 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)
SF (spontaneous fission)

²²⁷Pu

Nombor jisim	227
nombor neutron	133
Jisim Atom Relatif	227.039474 ± 0.000107 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)

²²⁸Pu

Nombor jisim	228
nombor neutron	134
Jisim Atom Relatif	228.038763325 ± 0.000025069 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.1 ± 1.3 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

²²⁹Pu

Nombor jisim	229
nombor neutron	135
Jisim Atom Relatif	229.040145099 ± 0.000065092 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	91 ± 26 s
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	50%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	50%
SF (spontaneous fission)	7%

²³⁰Pu

Nombor jisim	230
nombor neutron	136
Jisim Atom Relatif	230.039648313 ± 0.000015514 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	105 ± 10 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1990
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)

²³¹Pu

Nombor jisim	231
nombor neutron	137
Jisim Atom Relatif	231.041125946 ± 0.000023683 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	8.6 ± 0.5 m
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1999
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
α (α emission)	13%

²³²Pu

Nombor jisim	232
nombor neutron	138
Jisim Atom Relatif	232.041182133 ± 0.000018126 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	33.7 ± 0.5 m
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1973
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)
α (α emission)	20%

²³³Pu

Nombor jisim	233
nombor neutron	139
Jisim Atom Relatif	233.042997411 ± 0.000058162 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	20.9 ± 0.4 m
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1957
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.12%

²³⁴Pu

Nombor jisim	234
nombor neutron	140
Jisim Atom Relatif	234.043317489 ± 0.000007298 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	8.8 ± 0.1 h
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1949
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)	94%
α (α emission)	6%

²³⁵Pu

Nombor jisim	235
nombor neutron	141
Jisim Atom Relatif	235.045284609 ± 0.00002203 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	25.3 ± 0.5 m
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1957
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	99.9972%
α (α emission)	0.0028%

²³⁶Pu

Nombor jisim	236
nombor neutron	142
Jisim Atom Relatif	236.046056661 ± 0.000001942 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.858 ± 0.008 y
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1949
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	1.9%
28Mg	2%
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

²³⁷Pu

Nombor jisim	237
nombor neutron	143
Jisim Atom Relatif	237.048407888 ± 0.000001821 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	45.64 ± 0.04 d
Spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1949
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)	99.9958%
α (α emission)	0.0042%

²³⁸Pu

Nombor jisim	238
nombor neutron	144
Jisim Atom Relatif	238.049558175 ± 0.000001221 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	87.7 ± 0.1 y
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1949
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	1.9%
32Si	1.4%
30Mg	6%

²³⁹Pu

Nombor jisim	239
nombor neutron	145
Jisim Atom Relatif	239.052161596 ± 0.000001194 Da
g-factor	0.404 ± 0.008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	24.11 ± 0.03 ky
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1946
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	3.1%

²⁴⁰Pu

Nombor jisim	240
nombor neutron	146
Jisim Atom Relatif	240.05381174 ± 0.000001186 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	6.561 ± 0.007 ky
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1949
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	5.796%
34Si	1.3%

²⁴¹Pu

Nombor jisim	241
nombor neutron	147
Jisim Atom Relatif	241.056849651 ± 0.000001186 Da
g-factor	-0.2712 ± 0.0056
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	14.329 ± 0.029 y
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	6
tarikh penemuan	1949
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
α (α emission)	0.00245%
SF (spontaneous fission)	2.4%

²⁴²Pu

Nombor jisim	242
nombor neutron	148
Jisim Atom Relatif	242.058740979 ± 0.000001336 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	375 ± 2 ky
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1950
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	5.51%

²⁴³Pu

Nombor jisim	243
nombor neutron	149
Jisim Atom Relatif	243.062002068 ± 0.000002728 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	4.9553 ± 0.0025 h
Spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1951
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁴Pu

Nombor jisim	244
nombor neutron	150
Jisim Atom Relatif	244.064204401 ± 0.000002518 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	81.3 ± 0.3 My
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1954
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
α (α emission)	99.877%
SF (spontaneous fission)	0.123%
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	7.3%

²⁴⁵Pu

Nombor jisim	245
nombor neutron	151
Jisim Atom Relatif	245.067824554 ± 0.000014621 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	10.5 ± 0.1 h
Spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1955
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁶Pu

Nombor jisim	246
nombor neutron	152
Jisim Atom Relatif	246.070204172 ± 0.000016087 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	10.84 ± 0.02 d
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1955
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁷Pu

Nombor jisim	247
nombor neutron	153
Jisim Atom Relatif	247.0743 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.27 ± 0.23 d
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1983
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	G.T.Seaborg, J.W.Kennedy, E.M.McMillan, A.C.Wohl
tempat penemuan	United States
tarikh penemuan	1940
Etimologi	Named for the planet Pluto.
sebutan	ploo-TOE-ni-em (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (lautan)
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)	0 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0 %
natural abundance (Matahari)	0 %
Abundance in Universe	0 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

Plutonium on ChemicalAid

Plutonium (Pu)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Plutonium

221Pu

222Pu

223Pu

224Pu

225Pu

226Pu

227Pu

228Pu

229Pu

230Pu

231Pu

232Pu

233Pu

234Pu

235Pu

236Pu

237Pu

238Pu

239Pu

240Pu

241Pu

242Pu

243Pu

244Pu

245Pu

246Pu

247Pu

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

²²¹Pu

²²²Pu

²²³Pu

²²⁴Pu

²²⁵Pu

²²⁶Pu

²²⁷Pu

²²⁸Pu

²²⁹Pu

²³⁰Pu

²³¹Pu

²³²Pu

²³³Pu

²³⁴Pu

²³⁵Pu

²³⁶Pu

²³⁷Pu

²³⁸Pu

²³⁹Pu

²⁴⁰Pu

²⁴¹Pu

²⁴²Pu

²⁴³Pu

²⁴⁴Pu

²⁴⁵Pu

²⁴⁶Pu

²⁴⁷Pu