Plutonium (Pu)

grundämne

Atomnummer	94
Atommassa	244
masstal	221

Grupp
Period	7
Block	f

Protoner	94 p⁺
Neutroner	127 n⁰
Electrons	94 e^-

Animated Bohrs atommodell of Pu (Plutonium)

Egenskaper

energi
atomradie	175 pm 278 pm
molvolym
kovalent radie	172 pm 135 pm 187 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius	100 pm 86 pm 96 pm 74 pm 71 pm 116,8 pm
Crystal Radius	114 pm 100 pm 110 pm 88 pm 85 pm 130,8 pm
Van der Waalsradie	243 pm 252 pm 342,4 pm
densitet	19,7 g/cm³ 16 630 kg/m³
proton affinity
Elektronaffinitet
joniseringsenergi	6,0258 eV/particle 11,5 eV/particle 21 eV/particle 35 eV/particle 49 eV/particle 80 eV/particle 95 eV/particle 109 eV/particle 124 eV/particle 139 eV/particle 159 eV/particle 179 eV/particle 200 eV/particle 219 eV/particle 258 eV/particle 278 eV/particle 389 eV/particle 416 eV/particle 444 eV/particle 474 eV/particle 503 eV/particle 532 eV/particle 575 eV/particle 605 eV/particle 637 eV/particle 668 eV/particle 820 eV/particle 850 eV/particle 890 eV/particle 930 eV/particle 1 030 eV/particle 1 070 eV/particle 1 180 eV/particle 1 220 eV/particle 1 340 eV/particle 1 420 eV/particle 1 500 eV/particle 1 580 eV/particle 1 660 eV/particle 1 700 eV/particle 1 820 eV/particle 1 890 eV/particle 1 990 eV/particle 2 070 eV/particle 2 150 eV/particle 2 200 eV/particle 2 310 eV/particle 2 390 eV/particle 2 774 eV/particle 2 844 eV/particle 2 918 eV/particle 2 997 eV/particle 3 072 eV/particle 3 146 eV/particle 3 290 eV/particle 3 366 eV/particle 3 449 eV/particle 3 527 eV/particle 3 836 eV/particle 3 911 eV/particle 3 993 eV/particle 4 068 eV/particle 4 496 eV/particle 4 585 eV/particle 4 807 eV/particle 4 890 eV/particle 7 820 eV/particle 7 990 eV/particle 8 170 eV/particle 8 360 eV/particle 8 540 eV/particle 8 720 eV/particle 9 130 eV/particle 9 310 eV/particle 9 520 eV/particle 9 700 eV/particle 10 230 eV/particle 10 390 eV/particle 10 570 eV/particle 10 730 eV/particle 12 060 eV/particle 12 260 eV/particle 12 660 eV/particle 12 840 eV/particle 26 480 eV/particle 26 920 eV/particle 27 400 eV/particle 27 840 eV/particle 32 800 eV/particle 33 400 eV/particle 34 100 eV/particle 34 625,8 eV/particle 136 299,2 eV/particle 138 646 eV/particle

ångbildningsvärme	343,5 kJ/mol
smältvärme	2,8 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi	345 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2

valenselektron	2

elektronkonfiguration	[Rn] 5f⁶ 7s²

oxidationstal	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
elektronegativitet	0.16137 1.3
Electrophilicity
Phases
aggregationstillstånd	Fast
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt	3 501,15 K
Smältpunkt	913,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg	Silver #ffffff #006bff #006bff
appearance	silvery white, tarnishing to dark gray in air
Brytningsindex
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
termisk expansion
molar heat capacity
Specifik värmekapacitet
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
elektrisk konduktivitet	0,67 MS/m
resistivitet	0,0000015 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
type	paramagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)	0,0000000317 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)	0,000000007735 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)	0,0006282
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
Kristallstruktur	Enkelt monoklint (MCL)
Gitterkonstant
Lattice Angles	π/2, 1.776571, π/2
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
Kompressibilitet
skjuvmodul	43 GPa
Young's modulus	96 GPa
Poissons konstant	0,21
ljudhastighet	2 260 m/s
klassificering
Kategori	Aktinider, Actinides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number	38
Mendeleev Number	24
Pettifor Number	43
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	synthetic
övrigt
Gas Basicity
Dipole Polarizability	132 ± 20 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
Allotropes
Träffyta	1,7
Neutron Mass Absorption
kvanttal	7F0
rymdgrupp	11 (P121/m1)

Plutoniumisotoper

Stabila isotoper	0
Instabila isotoper	27
Radioactive Isotopes	27

²²¹Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	221,038572 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal	221
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	+

²²¹Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	%
SF (spontaneous fission)	%

²²²Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	222,037638 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal	222
g-factor	0
Halveringstid
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	+

²²²Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	%
SF (spontaneous fission)	%

²²³Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	223,038777 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal	223
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	+

²²³Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	%
SF (spontaneous fission)	%

²²⁴Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	224,037875 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal	224
g-factor	0
Halveringstid
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	+

²²⁴Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	%
SF (spontaneous fission)	%

²²⁵Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	225,03897 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal	225
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	+

²²⁵Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	%
SF (spontaneous fission)	%

²²⁶Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	226,03825 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal	226
g-factor	0
Halveringstid
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	+

²²⁶Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	%
SF (spontaneous fission)	%

²²⁷Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	227,039474 ± 0,000107 Da
masstal	227
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	+

²²⁷Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	%

²²⁸Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	228,038763325 ± 0,000025069 Da
masstal	228
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	2,1 ± 1,3 s
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1994
Paritet	+

²²⁸Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

²²⁹Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	229,040145099 ± 0,000065092 Da
masstal	229
g-factor
Halveringstid	91 ± 26 s
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1994
Paritet	+

²²⁹Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	50%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	50%
SF (spontaneous fission)	7%

²³⁰Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	230,039648313 ± 0,000015514 Da
masstal	230
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	105 ± 10 s
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1990
Paritet	+

²³⁰Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%

²³¹Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	231,041125946 ± 0,000023683 Da
masstal	231
g-factor
Halveringstid	8,6 ± 0,5 m
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1999
Paritet	+

²³¹Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	%
α (α emission)	13%

²³²Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	232,041182133 ± 0,000018126 Da
masstal	232
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	33,7 ± 0,5 m
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1973
Paritet	+

²³²Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)	%
α (α emission)	20%

²³³Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	233,042997411 ± 0,000058162 Da
masstal	233
g-factor
Halveringstid	20,9 ± 0,4 m
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1957
Paritet	+

²³³Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
α (α emission)	0.12%

²³⁴Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	234,043317489 ± 0,000007298 Da
masstal	234
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	8,8 ± 0,1 h
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1949
Paritet	+

²³⁴Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)	94%
α (α emission)	6%

²³⁵Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	235,045284609 ± 0,00002203 Da
masstal	235
g-factor
Halveringstid	25,3 ± 0,5 m
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1957
Paritet	+

²³⁵Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	99.9972%
α (α emission)	0.0028%

²³⁶Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	236,046056661 ± 0,000001942 Da
masstal	236
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	2,858 ± 0,008 y
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1949
Paritet	+

²³⁶Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	1.9%
28Mg	2%
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)	%

²³⁷Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	237,048407888 ± 0,000001821 Da
masstal	237
g-factor
Halveringstid	45,64 ± 0,04 d
Spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1949
Paritet	-

²³⁷Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
ϵ (electron capture)	99.9958%
α (α emission)	0.0042%

²³⁸Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	238,049558175 ± 0,000001221 Da
masstal	238
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	87,7 ± 0,1 y
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1949
Paritet	+

²³⁸Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	1.9%
32Si	1.4%
30Mg	6%

²³⁹Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	239,052161596 ± 0,000001194 Da
masstal	239
g-factor	0,404 ± 0,008
Halveringstid	24,11 ± 0,03 ky
Spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1946
Paritet	+

²³⁹Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	3.1%

²⁴⁰Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	240,05381174 ± 0,000001186 Da
masstal	240
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	6,561 ± 0,007 ky
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1949
Paritet	+

²⁴⁰Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	5.796%
34Si	1.3%

²⁴¹Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	241,056849651 ± 0,000001186 Da
masstal	241
g-factor	−0,2712 ± 0,0056
Halveringstid	14,329 ± 0,029 y
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	6
upptäcktsdatum	1949
Paritet	+

²⁴¹Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
α (α emission)	0.00245%
SF (spontaneous fission)	2.4%

²⁴²Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	242,058740979 ± 0,000001336 Da
masstal	242
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	375 ± 2 ky
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1950
Paritet	+

²⁴²Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	100%
SF (spontaneous fission)	5.51%

²⁴³Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	243,062002068 ± 0,000002728 Da
masstal	243
g-factor
Halveringstid	4,9553 ± 0,0025 h
Spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1951
Paritet	+

²⁴³Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁴Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	244,064204401 ± 0,000002518 Da
masstal	244
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	81,3 ± 0,3 My
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1954
Paritet	+

²⁴⁴Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
α (α emission)	99.877%
SF (spontaneous fission)	0.123%
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	7.3%

²⁴⁵Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	245,067824554 ± 0,000014621 Da
masstal	245
g-factor
Halveringstid	10,5 ± 0,1 h
Spinn	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1955
Paritet	-

²⁴⁵Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁶Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	246,070204172 ± 0,000016087 Da
masstal	246
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	10,84 ± 0,02 d
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1955
Paritet	+

²⁴⁶Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

²⁴⁷Pu

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	247,0743 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal	247
g-factor
Halveringstid	2,27 ± 0,23 d
Spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1983
Paritet	+

²⁴⁷Pu Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnare	G.T.Seaborg, J.W.Kennedy, E.M.McMillan, A.C.Wohl
fyndplats	United States
upptäcktsdatum	1940
etymologi	Named for the planet Pluto.
uttal	ploo-TOE-ni-em (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
Abundance in Oceans
Abundance in Human Body	0 %
Abundance in Meteor	0 %
Abundance in Sun	0 %
Abundance in Universe	0 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

Plutonium on ChemicalAid

ALLFO-ID	4992
Australian Educational Vocabulary-ID	scot/3558
BNCF	23908
CAB ID	7538
CAS-nummer	7440-07-5
ChEBI-ID	33388
ChemSpider-ID	22382
Common Procurement Vocabulary	09342000
Cultureel Woordenboek-ID	natuurkunde-scheikunde-en-sterrenkunde/plutonium
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID2047646
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID4064682
Den Store Danske-ID	plutonium
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.288
Enciclopedia Treccani	plutonio
Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID	science/plutonium
Encyclopædia Universalis-ID	plutonium
EuroVoc-ID	2429
Freebase-ID	/m/026mkzy
Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana-ID	0132875
InChI	InChI=1S/Pu
InChIKey	OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
J9U-ID	987007558091105171
KBpedia-ID	Plutonium
KEGG-ID	C19159
LEM ID	LEM201007253
MeSH-ID	D011005
NDL-ID	00569238
Namuwiki-ID	플루토늄
OmegaWiki Definierad Betydelse	2844
OpenAlex-ID	C540271850
PDB struktur-ID	4ZHD
PSH-ID	5778
PubChem-ID (CID)	23940
RxNorm-ID	1600135
Römpp online ID	RD-16-02849
Stora ryska encyklopedin-ID	3146707
Store norske leksikon-ID	plutonium
UK Archival Thesaurus-ID	f2/mt225/4347/5016
UK Parliament thesaurus-ID	12167
UNESCO Thesaurus-ID	concept14021
UNII	53023GN24M
Vikidia-ID (franska)	Plutonium
id-nummer i Deutsche Nationalbibliotheks katalog	4136381-4
id-nummer i USA:s kongressbiblioteks katalog	sh85103582
synset-ID på WordNet 3.1	14673953-n
ämnes-ID på Quora	Plutonium

Plutonium (Pu)

Egenskaper

Plutoniumisotoper

221Pu

221Pu Decay Modes

222Pu

222Pu Decay Modes

223Pu

223Pu Decay Modes

224Pu

224Pu Decay Modes

225Pu

225Pu Decay Modes

226Pu

226Pu Decay Modes

227Pu

227Pu Decay Modes

228Pu

228Pu Decay Modes

229Pu

229Pu Decay Modes

230Pu

230Pu Decay Modes

231Pu

231Pu Decay Modes

232Pu

232Pu Decay Modes

233Pu

233Pu Decay Modes

234Pu

234Pu Decay Modes

235Pu

235Pu Decay Modes

236Pu

236Pu Decay Modes

237Pu

237Pu Decay Modes

238Pu

238Pu Decay Modes

239Pu

239Pu Decay Modes

240Pu

240Pu Decay Modes

241Pu

241Pu Decay Modes

242Pu

242Pu Decay Modes

243Pu

243Pu Decay Modes

244Pu

244Pu Decay Modes

245Pu

245Pu Decay Modes

246Pu

246Pu Decay Modes

247Pu

247Pu Decay Modes

historia

Sources

Nuclear Screening Constants

²²¹Pu

²²¹Pu Decay Modes

²²²Pu

²²²Pu Decay Modes

²²³Pu

²²³Pu Decay Modes

²²⁴Pu

²²⁴Pu Decay Modes

²²⁵Pu

²²⁵Pu Decay Modes

²²⁶Pu

²²⁶Pu Decay Modes

²²⁷Pu

²²⁷Pu Decay Modes

²²⁸Pu

²²⁸Pu Decay Modes

²²⁹Pu

²²⁹Pu Decay Modes

²³⁰Pu

²³⁰Pu Decay Modes

²³¹Pu

²³¹Pu Decay Modes

²³²Pu

²³²Pu Decay Modes

²³³Pu

²³³Pu Decay Modes

²³⁴Pu

²³⁴Pu Decay Modes

²³⁵Pu

²³⁵Pu Decay Modes

²³⁶Pu

²³⁶Pu Decay Modes

²³⁷Pu

²³⁷Pu Decay Modes

²³⁸Pu

²³⁸Pu Decay Modes

²³⁹Pu

²³⁹Pu Decay Modes

²⁴⁰Pu

²⁴⁰Pu Decay Modes

²⁴¹Pu

²⁴¹Pu Decay Modes

²⁴²Pu

²⁴²Pu Decay Modes

²⁴³Pu

²⁴³Pu Decay Modes

²⁴⁴Pu

²⁴⁴Pu Decay Modes

²⁴⁵Pu

²⁴⁵Pu Decay Modes

²⁴⁶Pu

²⁴⁶Pu Decay Modes

²⁴⁷Pu

²⁴⁷Pu Decay Modes