Skandij (Sc)

chemical element with symbol Sc and atomic number 21

Atomski broj	21
Relativna atomska masa	44.955908
Maseni broj	45

Skupina	3
Perioda	4
Blok	d

proton	21 p⁺
neutron	24 n⁰
elektron	21 e^-

Animated Bohrov model atoma of Sc (Skandij)

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus	160 pm 263 pm
Molni volumen	15 cm³/mol
Kovalentni Radijus	148 pm 116 pm 114 pm 170 pm
Metallic Radius	144 pm 162 pm
Ionski radijus	74,5 pm 87 pm
Crystal Radius	88,5 pm 101 pm
Van der Waals radius	230 pm 215 pm 261 pm 329,5 pm
gustoća	2,99 g/cm³ 2.800 kg/m³

Kemijsko Svojstvo

{ERROR}

energija

proton affinity	914 kJ/mol
Elektronski afinitet	0,188 eV/particle
ionization energy	6,56149 eV/particle 12,79977 eV/particle 24,756838 eV/particle 73,4894 eV/particle 91,949 eV/particle 110,68 eV/particle 138 eV/particle 158,1 eV/particle 180 eV/particle 225,18 eV/particle 249,798 eV/particle 687,36 eV/particle 757,7 eV/particle 833 eV/particle 926,48 eV/particle 1.008,62 eV/particle 1.093,48 eV/particle 1.213,1 eV/particle 1.287,956 eV/particle 5.674,9034 eV/particle 6.033,754 eV/particle

Toplina isparivanja	332,7 kJ/mol
toplina taljenja	15,8 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	377,8 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronska ljuska	2, 8, 9, 2

valence electron	2 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ar] 3d¹ 4s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹ 4s²

Oksidacijski broj	0, 1, 2, 3
Elektronegativnost	7,042 eV/particle 0.1193833 1.36
Electrophilicity Index	0,8934589851890408 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

agregatno stanje
gaseous state of matter
Vrelište	3.109,15 K
Talište	1.814,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Trojna točka
appearance
boja	Crna #ff1493 #e6e6e6 #e6e6e6
appearance	silvery white
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Toplinska vodljivost	15,8 W/(m K)
Toplinsko istezanje	0,0000102 1/K
molar heat capacity	25,52 J/(mol K)
Specifični toplinski kapacitet	0,568 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	1,8 MS/m
Električna otpornost i provodnost	0,00000055 Ω*m
Supravodljivost	0,05 K
Magnetizam
type	paramagnetic
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Mass)	0,000000088 m³/Kg
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Molar)	0,000000003956 m³/mol
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Volume)	0,0002627
magnetic ordering
Curieva temperatura
Néel temperature
struktura
Kristalna struktura	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3,31 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
Tvrdoća	750 MPa
bulk modulus	57 GPa
shear modulus	29 GPa
Youngov modul elastičnosti	74 GPa
Poissonov omjer	0,28
brzina zvuka
classification
Kategorija	Aktinoidi, Transition metals
CAS Group	IIIA
IUPAC Group	IIIB
Glawe Number	48
Mendeleev Number	11
Pettifor Number	20
Geochemical Class	first series transition metal
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	892 kJ/mol
polarizability	97 ± 10 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	1.383 a₀ 1.570 a₀
allotrope
Nuklearni udarni presjek	27,2
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,025
Kvantni brojevi	2D3/2
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Scandium

Stabilni izotopi	1
Nestabilni izotopi	28
Natural Isotopes	1

³⁵Sc

Maseni broj	35
neutron number	14
Relativna Atomska Masa	35,029093 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁶Sc

Maseni broj	36
neutron number	15
Relativna Atomska Masa	36,017338 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁷Sc

Maseni broj	37
neutron number	16
Relativna Atomska Masa	37,004058 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁸Sc

Maseni broj	38
neutron number	17
Relativna Atomska Masa	37,995438 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁹Sc

Maseni broj	39
neutron number	18
Relativna Atomska Masa	38,984784953 ± 0,000025765 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1988
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)	100%

⁴⁰Sc

Maseni broj	40
neutron number	19
Relativna Atomska Masa	39,977967275 ± 0,000003036 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	182,3 ± 0,7 ms
spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1955
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.44%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.017%

⁴¹Sc

Maseni broj	41
neutron number	20
Relativna Atomska Masa	40,969251163 ± 0,000000083 Da
g-factor	1,5509428571429 ± 0,0004
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	596,3 ± 1,7 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	−0,145 ± 0,003
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1941
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴²Sc

Maseni broj	42
neutron number	21
Relativna Atomska Masa	41,965516686 ± 0,000000165 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	680,72 ± 0,26 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1955
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴³Sc

Maseni broj	43
neutron number	22
Relativna Atomska Masa	42,961150425 ± 0,000001999 Da
g-factor	1,2931428571429 ± 0,0028571428571429
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	3,891 ± 0,012 h
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	−0,27 ± 0,05
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1935
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴⁴Sc

Maseni broj	44
neutron number	23
Relativna Atomska Masa	43,959402818 ± 0,000001884 Da
g-factor	1,249 ± 0,0025
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	4,0421 ± 0,0025 h
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,1 ± 0,05
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1937
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴⁵Sc

Maseni broj	45
neutron number	24
Relativna Atomska Masa	44,955907051 ± 0,000000712 Da
g-factor	1,3582857142857 ± 0,000022857142857143
natural abundance	100
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	−0,22 ± 0,002
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1923
Parnost	-

⁴⁶Sc

Maseni broj	46
neutron number	25
Relativna Atomska Masa	45,955167034 ± 0,00000072 Da
g-factor	0,76 ± 0,002
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	83,757 ± 0,014 d
spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,119 ± 0,006
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1936
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁷Sc

Maseni broj	47
neutron number	26
Relativna Atomska Masa	46,952402444 ± 0,000002072 Da
g-factor	1,5257142857143 ± 0,0057142857142857
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	3,3492 ± 0,0006 d
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	−0,22 ± 0,03
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1945
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁸Sc

Maseni broj	48
neutron number	27
Relativna Atomska Masa	47,952222903 ± 0,000005313 Da
g-factor	0,62283333333333 ± 0,002
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	43,67 ± 0,09 h
spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1937
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁹Sc

Maseni broj	49
neutron number	28
Relativna Atomska Masa	48,950013159 ± 0,000002434 Da
g-factor	1,6028571428571 ± 0,0085714285714286
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	57,18 ± 0,13 m
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1940
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵⁰Sc

Maseni broj	50
neutron number	29
Relativna Atomska Masa	49,952187437 ± 0,0000027 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	102,5 ± 0,5 s
spin	5
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1959
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵¹Sc

Maseni broj	51
neutron number	30
Relativna Atomska Masa	50,953568838 ± 0,0000027 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	12,4 ± 0,1 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1966
Parnost

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁵²Sc

Maseni broj	52
neutron number	31
Relativna Atomska Masa	51,95649617 ± 0,0000033 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	8,2 ± 0,2 s
spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1980
Parnost

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁵³Sc

Maseni broj	53
neutron number	32
Relativna Atomska Masa	52,958379173 ± 0,000019 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	2,4 ± 0,6 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1980
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁵⁴Sc

Maseni broj	54
neutron number	33
Relativna Atomska Masa	53,963029359 ± 0,000015 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	526 ± 15 ms
spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1990
Parnost

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	16%

⁵⁵Sc

Maseni broj	55
neutron number	34
Relativna Atomska Masa	54,966889637 ± 0,000067 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	96 ± 2 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1990
Parnost

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	17%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁶Sc

Maseni broj	56
neutron number	35
Relativna Atomska Masa	55,972607611 ± 0,000278761 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	26 ± 6 ms
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1997
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁷Sc

Maseni broj	57
neutron number	36
Relativna Atomska Masa	56,977048 ± 0,000193 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	22 ± 2 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1997
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁸Sc

Maseni broj	58
neutron number	37
Relativna Atomska Masa	57,983382 ± 0,000204 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	12 ± 5 ms
spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1997
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁹Sc

Maseni broj	59
neutron number	38
Relativna Atomska Masa	58,988374 ± 0,000268 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2009
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶⁰Sc

Maseni broj	60
neutron number	39
Relativna Atomska Masa	59,995115 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2009
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶¹Sc

Maseni broj	61
neutron number	40
Relativna Atomska Masa	61,000537 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2009
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶²Sc

Maseni broj	62
neutron number	41
Relativna Atomska Masa	62,007848 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2018
Parnost

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶³Sc

Maseni broj	63
neutron number	42
Relativna Atomska Masa	63,014031 ± 0,000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

povijest

otkrio/izumio	Lars Nilson
location of discovery	Sweden
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1879
Etimologija	Latin: Scandia, Scandinavia.
pronunciation	SKAN-di-em (engleski)

source

Obilnost
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori	22 mg/kg
natural abundance (ocean)	0,0000006 mg/L
natural abundance (tijelo)
natural abundance (meteoroid)	0,00064 %
natural abundance (Sunce)	0,000004 %
Zastupljenost u svemiru	0,000003 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.5434
2	p	3.9454
2	s	6.4264
3	d	13.8801
3	p	11.5938
3	s	10.6602
4	s	16.3676

Skandij on ChemicalAid

Skandij (Sc)

Physical Property

Kemijsko Svojstvo

other

Isotopes of Scandium

35Sc

36Sc

37Sc

38Sc

39Sc

40Sc

41Sc

42Sc

43Sc

44Sc

45Sc

46Sc

47Sc

48Sc

49Sc

50Sc

51Sc

52Sc

53Sc

54Sc

55Sc

56Sc

57Sc

58Sc

59Sc

60Sc

61Sc

62Sc

63Sc

povijest

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

³⁵Sc

³⁶Sc

³⁷Sc

³⁸Sc

³⁹Sc

⁴⁰Sc

⁴¹Sc

⁴²Sc

⁴³Sc

⁴⁴Sc

⁴⁵Sc

⁴⁶Sc

⁴⁷Sc

⁴⁸Sc

⁴⁹Sc

⁵⁰Sc

⁵¹Sc

⁵²Sc

⁵³Sc

⁵⁴Sc

⁵⁵Sc

⁵⁶Sc

⁵⁷Sc

⁵⁸Sc

⁵⁹Sc

⁶⁰Sc

⁶¹Sc

⁶²Sc

⁶³Sc