Skandijs (Sc)

chemical element with symbol Sc and atomic number 21

Atomic Number	21
Atomic Weight	44.955908
Masas skaitlis	45

Group	3
Period	4
Block	d

protons	21 p⁺
neitrons	24 n⁰
elektrons	21 e^-

Animated Bora atoma struktūras modelis of Sc (Skandijs)

Fizikāla Īpašība

Atoma Rādiuss	160 pm 263 pm
molar volume	15 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	148 pm 116 pm 114 pm 170 pm
Metallic Radius	144 pm 162 pm
ionic radius	74,5 pm 87 pm
Crystal Radius	88,5 pm 101 pm
Van der Waals radius	230 pm 215 pm 261 pm 329,5 pm
blīvums	2,99 g/cm³ 2 800 kg/m³

Chemical Property

{ERROR}

enerģija

proton affinity	914 kJ/mol
Elektrontieksme	0,188 eV/particle
jonizācijas potenciāls	6,56149 eV/particle 12,79977 eV/particle 24,756838 eV/particle 73,4894 eV/particle 91,949 eV/particle 110,68 eV/particle 138 eV/particle 158,1 eV/particle 180 eV/particle 225,18 eV/particle 249,798 eV/particle 687,36 eV/particle 757,7 eV/particle 833 eV/particle 926,48 eV/particle 1 008,62 eV/particle 1 093,48 eV/particle 1 213,1 eV/particle 1 287,956 eV/particle 5 674,9034 eV/particle 6 033,754 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	332,7 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	15,8 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	377,8 kJ/mol
elektrons

electron shell	2, 8, 9, 2

vērtības elektrons	2 ⓘ

elektronu konfigurācija	[Ar] 3d¹ 4s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹ 4s²

Oksidēšanas pakāpe	0, 1, 2, 3
elektronegativitāte	7,042 eV/particle 0.1193833 1.36
Electrophilicity Index	0,8934589851890408 eV/particle
fundamentālais agregātstāvoklis

agregātstāvoklis
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	3 109,15 K
Melting Point	1 814,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
trīskāršais punkts
appearance
krāsa	Black #ff1493 #e6e6e6 #e6e6e6
appearance	silvery white
Laušanas koeficients
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	15,8 W/(m K)
Termiskā izplešanās	0,0000102 1/K
Molārā siltumietilpība	25,52 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,568 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	1,8 MS/m
īpatnējā pretestība	0,00000055 Ω*m
Supravadītspēja	0,05 K
Magnētisms
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0,000000088 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0,000000003956 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0,0002627
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
struktūra
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3,31 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
Cietība	750 MPa
tilpuma elastības modulis	57 GPa
shear modulus	29 GPa
Junga modulis	74 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0,28
skaņas ātrums
klasifikācija
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	IIIA
IUPAC Group	IIIB
Glawe Number	48
Mendeleev Number	11
Pettifor Number	20
Geochemical Class	first series transition metal
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	892 kJ/mol
polarizability	97 ± 10 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	1 383 a₀ 1 570 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	27,2
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,025
quantum number	2D3/2
space group	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Scandium

Stable Isotopes	1
Unstable Isotopes	28
Natural Isotopes	1

³⁵Sc

Masas skaitlis	35
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	35,029093 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁶Sc

Masas skaitlis	36
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	36,017338 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁷Sc

Masas skaitlis	37
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	37,004058 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁸Sc

Masas skaitlis	38
neutron number	17
Relative Atomic Mass	37,995438 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁹Sc

Masas skaitlis	39
neutron number	18
Relative Atomic Mass	38,984784953 ± 0,000025765 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1988
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)	100%

⁴⁰Sc

Masas skaitlis	40
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	39,977967275 ± 0,000003036 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	182,3 ± 0,7 ms
spins	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1955
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.44%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.017%

⁴¹Sc

Masas skaitlis	41
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	40,969251163 ± 0,000000083 Da
g-factor	1,5509428571429 ± 0,0004
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	596,3 ± 1,7 ms
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,145 ± 0,003
atklāšanas datums	1941
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴²Sc

Masas skaitlis	42
neutron number	21
Relative Atomic Mass	41,965516686 ± 0,000000165 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	680,72 ± 0,26 ms
spins	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
atklāšanas datums	1955
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴³Sc

Masas skaitlis	43
neutron number	22
Relative Atomic Mass	42,961150425 ± 0,000001999 Da
g-factor	1,2931428571429 ± 0,0028571428571429
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	3,891 ± 0,012 h
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,27 ± 0,05
atklāšanas datums	1935
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴⁴Sc

Masas skaitlis	44
neutron number	23
Relative Atomic Mass	43,959402818 ± 0,000001884 Da
g-factor	1,249 ± 0,0025
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	4,0421 ± 0,0025 h
spins	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,1 ± 0,05
atklāšanas datums	1937
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴⁵Sc

Masas skaitlis	45
neutron number	24
Relative Atomic Mass	44,955907051 ± 0,000000712 Da
g-factor	1,3582857142857 ± 0,000022857142857143
natural abundance	100
radioaktivitāte	stable isotope
Pussabrukšanas periods	Not Radioactive ☢️
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,22 ± 0,002
atklāšanas datums	1923
parity	-

⁴⁶Sc

Masas skaitlis	46
neutron number	25
Relative Atomic Mass	45,955167034 ± 0,00000072 Da
g-factor	0,76 ± 0,002
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	83,757 ± 0,014 d
spins	4
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,119 ± 0,006
atklāšanas datums	1936
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁷Sc

Masas skaitlis	47
neutron number	26
Relative Atomic Mass	46,952402444 ± 0,000002072 Da
g-factor	1,5257142857143 ± 0,0057142857142857
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	3,3492 ± 0,0006 d
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0,22 ± 0,03
atklāšanas datums	1945
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁸Sc

Masas skaitlis	48
neutron number	27
Relative Atomic Mass	47,952222903 ± 0,000005313 Da
g-factor	0,62283333333333 ± 0,002
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	43,67 ± 0,09 h
spins	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1937
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁹Sc

Masas skaitlis	49
neutron number	28
Relative Atomic Mass	48,950013159 ± 0,000002434 Da
g-factor	1,6028571428571 ± 0,0085714285714286
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	57,18 ± 0,13 m
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1940
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵⁰Sc

Masas skaitlis	50
neutron number	29
Relative Atomic Mass	49,952187437 ± 0,0000027 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	102,5 ± 0,5 s
spins	5
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1959
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵¹Sc

Masas skaitlis	51
neutron number	30
Relative Atomic Mass	50,953568838 ± 0,0000027 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	12,4 ± 0,1 s
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1966
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁵²Sc

Masas skaitlis	52
neutron number	31
Relative Atomic Mass	51,95649617 ± 0,0000033 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	8,2 ± 0,2 s
spins	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1980
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁵³Sc

Masas skaitlis	53
neutron number	32
Relative Atomic Mass	52,958379173 ± 0,000019 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	2,4 ± 0,6 s
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1980
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁵⁴Sc

Masas skaitlis	54
neutron number	33
Relative Atomic Mass	53,963029359 ± 0,000015 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	526 ± 15 ms
spins	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1990
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	16%

⁵⁵Sc

Masas skaitlis	55
neutron number	34
Relative Atomic Mass	54,966889637 ± 0,000067 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	96 ± 2 ms
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1990
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	17%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁶Sc

Masas skaitlis	56
neutron number	35
Relative Atomic Mass	55,972607611 ± 0,000278761 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	26 ± 6 ms
spins	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1997
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁷Sc

Masas skaitlis	57
neutron number	36
Relative Atomic Mass	56,977048 ± 0,000193 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	22 ± 2 ms
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1997
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁸Sc

Masas skaitlis	58
neutron number	37
Relative Atomic Mass	57,983382 ± 0,000204 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods	12 ± 5 ms
spins	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	1997
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁹Sc

Masas skaitlis	59
neutron number	38
Relative Atomic Mass	58,988374 ± 0,000268 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	2009
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶⁰Sc

Masas skaitlis	60
neutron number	39
Relative Atomic Mass	59,995115 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	2009
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶¹Sc

Masas skaitlis	61
neutron number	40
Relative Atomic Mass	61,000537 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	2009
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶²Sc

Masas skaitlis	62
neutron number	41
Relative Atomic Mass	62,007848 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums	2018
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶³Sc

Masas skaitlis	63
neutron number	42
Relative Atomic Mass	63,014031 ± 0,000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitāte	☢️ radioactive element
Pussabrukšanas periods
spins	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
atklāšanas datums
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

vēsture

atklājējs vai izgudrotājs	Lars Nilson
atraduma atrašanās vieta	Sweden
atklāšanas datums	1879
Etimoloģija	Latin: Scandia, Scandinavia.
izruna	SKAN-di-em (angļu)

avots

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	22 mg/kg
natural abundance (okeāns)	0,0000006 mg/L
natural abundance (cilvēka ķermenis)
natural abundance (meteoroīds)	0,00064 %
natural abundance (Saule)	0,000004 %
Abundance in Universe	0,000003 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.5434
2	p	3.9454
2	s	6.4264
3	d	13.8801
3	p	11.5938
3	s	10.6602
4	s	16.3676

Skandijs on ChemicalAid

Skandijs (Sc)

Fizikāla Īpašība

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Scandium

35Sc

36Sc

37Sc

38Sc

39Sc

40Sc

41Sc

42Sc

43Sc

44Sc

45Sc

46Sc

47Sc

48Sc

49Sc

50Sc

51Sc

52Sc

53Sc

54Sc

55Sc

56Sc

57Sc

58Sc

59Sc

60Sc

61Sc

62Sc

63Sc

vēsture

avots

Nuclear Screening Constants

³⁵Sc

³⁶Sc

³⁷Sc

³⁸Sc

³⁹Sc

⁴⁰Sc

⁴¹Sc

⁴²Sc

⁴³Sc

⁴⁴Sc

⁴⁵Sc

⁴⁶Sc

⁴⁷Sc

⁴⁸Sc

⁴⁹Sc

⁵⁰Sc

⁵¹Sc

⁵²Sc

⁵³Sc

⁵⁴Sc

⁵⁵Sc

⁵⁶Sc

⁵⁷Sc

⁵⁸Sc

⁵⁹Sc

⁶⁰Sc

⁶¹Sc

⁶²Sc

⁶³Sc