Selenium (Se)

chemical element with symbol Se and atomic number 34

Atomic Number	34
Atomic Weight	78.971
Nombor jisim	80

Group	16
Period	4
Block	p

proton	34 p⁺
neutron	46 n⁰
Elektron	34 e^-

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	115 pm 224 pm
molar volume	16.5 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen	116 pm 107 pm 107 pm 117 pm 120 pm
Metallic Radius	117 pm 140 pm
ionic radius	198 pm 50 pm 28 pm 42 pm
Crystal Radius	184 pm 64 pm 42 pm 56 pm
Jejari van der Waals	190 pm 190 pm 403 pm 190 pm 229 pm 420.5 pm
ketumpatan	4.809 g/cm³ 3,990 kg/m³

Sifat Kimia

tenaga

proton affinity
Pertalian elektron	2.02067 eV/particle
ionization energy	9.752392 eV/particle 21.196 eV/particle 31.697 eV/particle 42.947 eV/particle 68.3 eV/particle 81.827 eV/particle 155.33 eV/particle 184 eV/particle 219 eV/particle 255 eV/particle 291 eV/particle 342.9 eV/particle 383 eV/particle 426 eV/particle 473 eV/particle 517 eV/particle 650.5 eV/particle 693.38 eV/particle 739.8 eV/particle 798 eV/particle 845.8 eV/particle 887 eV/particle 989.6 eV/particle 1,036.362 eV/particle 2,540.7 eV/particle 2,674 eV/particle 2,820 eV/particle 2,964 eV/particle 3,146 eV/particle 3,301.8 eV/particle 3,507 eV/particle 3,636.526 eV/particle 15,367.4907 eV/particle 15,968.083 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	59.7 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	5.23 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	227.2 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 8, 18, 6

Elektron valens	6 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁴ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁴

Keadaan pengoksidaan	-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Keelektronegatifan	14.34 eV/particle 0.2240328 2.55
Electrophilicity Index	2.2408492709619536 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim	Solid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	958.15 K 958.15 K
Melting Point	453.15 K 493.95 K
critical pressure	27.2 MPa
critical temperature	1,766.15 K 1,766.15 K
triple point
rupa
warna	Gray #ff1493 #ffa100 #ffa100
rupa	black, red, and gray (not pictured) allotropes
indeks biasan	1.000895
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity	0.52 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity	25.363 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.321 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type
Kekonduksian elektrik
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.000000004 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.000000000316 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000193
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	Simple Monoclinic (HEX)
lattice constant	4.36 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, 1.58493, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	736 MPa 2 MPa
Modulus pukal	8.3 GPa
shear modulus	3.7 GPa
Young's modulus	10 GPa
Nisbah Poisson	0.33
Kelajuan bunyi	3,350 m/s
pengelasan
Category	Other nonmetals, Nonmetals
CAS Group	VIB
IUPAC Group	VIA
Glawe Number	95
Mendeleev Number	101
Pettifor Number	93
Geochemical Class	semi-volatile
Goldschmidt classification	chalcophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	28.9 ± 1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	210 a₀ 233 a₀
allotrope	Amorphous Red Selenium, Amorphous Black Selenium, Monoclinic Selenium, Hexagonal Selenium
Neutron cross section	11.7
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0056
Nombor kuantum	3P2
space group	14 (P121/c1)

Isotopes of Selenium

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	30
Natural Isotopes	6

⁶³Se

Nombor jisim	63
nombor neutron	29
jisim atom relatif	62.981911 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	13.2 ± 3.9 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2016
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	89%
2p (2-proton emission)	0.5%

⁶⁴Se

Nombor jisim	64
nombor neutron	30
jisim atom relatif	63.971165 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	22.6 ± 0.2 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	2005
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁶⁵Se

Nombor jisim	65
nombor neutron	31
jisim atom relatif	64.964552 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	34.2 ± 0.7 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1993
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	87%

⁶⁶Se

Nombor jisim	66
nombor neutron	32
jisim atom relatif	65.955276 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	54 ± 4 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1993
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁶⁷Se

Nombor jisim	67
nombor neutron	33
jisim atom relatif	66.949994 ± 0.000072 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	133 ± 4 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1991
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.5%

⁶⁸Se

Nombor jisim	68
nombor neutron	34
jisim atom relatif	67.941825236 ± 0.000000532 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	35.5 ± 0.7 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1990
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁶⁹Se

Nombor jisim	69
nombor neutron	35
jisim atom relatif	68.939414845 ± 0.000001599 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	27.4 ± 0.2 s
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1974
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.052%

⁷⁰Se

Nombor jisim	70
nombor neutron	36
jisim atom relatif	69.933515521 ± 0.0000017 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	41.1 ± 0.3 m
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1950
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷¹Se

Nombor jisim	71
nombor neutron	37
jisim atom relatif	70.932209431 ± 0.000003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	4.74 ± 0.05 m
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1957
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷²Se

Nombor jisim	72
nombor neutron	38
jisim atom relatif	71.927140506 ± 0.0000021 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	8.4 ± 0.08 d
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁷³Se

Nombor jisim	73
nombor neutron	39
jisim atom relatif	72.926754881 ± 0.000007969 Da
g-factor	0.19822222222222 ± 0.0028888888888889
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	7.15 ± 0.09 h
Spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁴Se

Nombor jisim	74
nombor neutron	40
jisim atom relatif	73.922475933 ± 0.000000015 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0.86 ± 0.03
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1922
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

⁷⁵Se

Nombor jisim	75
nombor neutron	41
jisim atom relatif	74.92252287 ± 0.000000078 Da
g-factor	0.2732 ± 0.004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	119.78 ± 0.03 d
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	1.1 ± 0.2
tarikh penemuan	1947
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁷⁶Se

Nombor jisim	76
nombor neutron	42
jisim atom relatif	75.919213702 ± 0.000000017 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	9.23 ± 0.07
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1922
parity	+

⁷⁷Se

Nombor jisim	77
nombor neutron	43
jisim atom relatif	76.91991415 ± 0.000000067 Da
g-factor	1.06712 ± 0.0001
natural abundance	7.6 ± 0.07
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1922
parity	-

⁷⁸Se

Nombor jisim	78
nombor neutron	44
jisim atom relatif	77.917309244 ± 0.000000191 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	23.69 ± 0.22
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1922
parity	+

⁷⁹Se

Nombor jisim	79
nombor neutron	45
jisim atom relatif	78.918499252 ± 0.000000238 Da
g-factor	-0.29085714285714 ± 0.0042857142857143
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	327 ± 28 ky
Spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.8 ± 0.2
tarikh penemuan	1950
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁰Se

Nombor jisim	80
nombor neutron	46
jisim atom relatif	79.916521761 ± 0.000001016 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	49.8 ± 0.36
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1922
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)

⁸¹Se

Nombor jisim	81
nombor neutron	47
jisim atom relatif	80.917993019 ± 0.000001049 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	18.45 ± 0.12 m
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸²Se

Nombor jisim	82
nombor neutron	48
jisim atom relatif	81.916699531 ± 0.0000005 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	8.82 ± 0.15
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	87.6 ± 1.5 Ey
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1922
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸³Se

Nombor jisim	83
nombor neutron	49
jisim atom relatif	82.919118604 ± 0.000003259 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	22.25 ± 0.04 m
Spin	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1937
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁴Se

Nombor jisim	84
nombor neutron	50
jisim atom relatif	83.918466761 ± 0.000002105 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	3.26 ± 0.1 m
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1960
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁵Se

Nombor jisim	85
nombor neutron	51
jisim atom relatif	84.922260758 ± 0.000002804 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	32.9 ± 0.3 s
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1960
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁶Se

Nombor jisim	86
nombor neutron	52
jisim atom relatif	85.924311732 ± 0.000002705 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	14.3 ± 0.3 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1973
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁸⁷Se

Nombor jisim	87
nombor neutron	53
jisim atom relatif	86.928688616 ± 0.000002405 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	5.5 ± 0.06 s
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1968
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.6%

⁸⁸Se

Nombor jisim	88
nombor neutron	54
jisim atom relatif	87.93141749 ± 0.000003604 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.53 ± 0.06 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1970
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.99%

⁸⁹Se

Nombor jisim	89
nombor neutron	55
jisim atom relatif	88.936669058 ± 0.000004003 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	430 ± 50 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	7.8%

⁹⁰Se

Nombor jisim	90
nombor neutron	56
jisim atom relatif	89.940096 ± 0.000354 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	210 ± 80 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1994
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁹¹Se

Nombor jisim	91
nombor neutron	57
jisim atom relatif	90.9457 ± 0.000465 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	270 ± 50 ms
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1975
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	21%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹²Se

Nombor jisim	92
nombor neutron	58
jisim atom relatif	91.94984 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹³Se

Nombor jisim	93
nombor neutron	59
jisim atom relatif	92.956135 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁴Se

Nombor jisim	94
nombor neutron	60
jisim atom relatif	93.96049 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁵Se

Nombor jisim	95
nombor neutron	61
jisim atom relatif	94.9673 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	Jöns Berzelius
tempat penemuan	Sweden
tarikh penemuan	1818
Etimologi	Greek: selênê (moon).
sebutan	si-LEE-ni-em (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	0.05 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)	0.0002 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)	0.000005 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0.0013 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
Abundance in Universe	0.000003 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.7378
2	p	3.9348
2	s	9.1116
3	d	15.523
3	p	15.295
3	s	14.5966
4	p	25.7128
4	s	24.2424

Selenium on ChemicalAid

ChEBI ID	27568
ChemSpider ID	4885617
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID701261
DrugBank ID	11135
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.029.052
HCIS ID	4102
HSDB ID	4493
Human Metabolome Database ID	HMDB0001349
ICSC ID	0072
ID Biblioteca Nacional de España	XX534324
ID BnF	121383271
ID Den Store Danske	selen
ID Encyclopædia Universalis	selenium
ID Ensiklopedia Besar Rusia dalam talian	3546300
ID Ensiklopedia Britannica Dalam Talian	science/selenium
ID Freebase	/m/025sf8g
ID GND	4180872-1
ID Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana	0238414
ID J9U Perpustakaan Negara Israel	987007529471405171
ID KBpedia	Selenium
ID NKCR AUT	ph127055
ID PSH	5808
ID Perbendaharaan Kata Pendidikan Australia	scot/3574
ID Store norske leksikon	selen
ID Tesaurus BNCF	52421
ID Treccani	selenio
ID Vikidia Perancis	Sélénium
ID WordNet 3.1 Synset	14678354-n
ID YSO	10413
ID bahan DSSTox	DTXSID9021261
ID dalam talian Brockhaus Enzyklopädie	selen
ID kewibawaan Perpustakaan Kongres	sh85119688
ID pemerihal MeSH	D012643
ID topik Quora	Selenium-2
ID topik Quora	Selenium-element
InChI	InChI=1S/Se
InChIKey	BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KEGG ID	C01529
Maksud Tertakrif OmegaWiki	3373
NALT ID	33437
NCI Drug Dictionary ID	selenium
NDF-RT ID	N0000148196
OpenAlex ID	C553756173
PatientsLikeMe treatment ID	selenium
Probes And Drugs ID	PD056990
PubChem CID	6326970
RxNorm ID	9641
Store medisinske leksikon ID	selen
UK Archival Thesaurus ID	f2/mt225/4347/9119
UMLS CUI	C0036581
UNII	H6241UJ22B
USGS Thesaurus ID	1572
WikiSkripta ID	12122
ZVG number	7340
kod entiti Bahasa Wolfram	Entity["Mineral", "Selenium"]
nombor pendaftaran CAS	7782-49-2
pengecam AAT	300156319
pengecam NDL	00570819

Selenium (Se)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Selenium

63Se

64Se

65Se

66Se

67Se

68Se

69Se

70Se

71Se

72Se

73Se

74Se

75Se

76Se

77Se

78Se

79Se

80Se

81Se

82Se

83Se

84Se

85Se

86Se

87Se

88Se

89Se

90Se

91Se

92Se

93Se

94Se

95Se

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁶³Se

⁶⁴Se

⁶⁵Se

⁶⁶Se

⁶⁷Se

⁶⁸Se

⁶⁹Se

⁷⁰Se

⁷¹Se

⁷²Se

⁷³Se

⁷⁴Se

⁷⁵Se

⁷⁶Se

⁷⁷Se

⁷⁸Se

⁷⁹Se

⁸⁰Se

⁸¹Se

⁸²Se

⁸³Se

⁸⁴Se

⁸⁵Se

⁸⁶Se

⁸⁷Se

⁸⁸Se

⁸⁹Se

⁹⁰Se

⁹¹Se

⁹²Se

⁹³Se

⁹⁴Se

⁹⁵Se