Atomic Number | 92 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 238.02891 |
Mass Number | 238 |
Group | |
---|---|
Period | 7 |
Block | f |
Protons | 92 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 146 n0 |
Electrons | 92 e- |
Atomic Radius | 175 pm
|
---|---|
Molar Volume | 12.5 cm³/mol
|
Covalent Radius | 170 pm
|
Metallic Radius | |
Ionic Radius | 102.5 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 116.5 pm
|
Van der Waals Radius | 241 pm
|
Density | 19.1 g/cm³
|
Energy | |
---|---|
Proton Affinity | 995.2 kJ/mol
|
Electron Affinity | |
Ionization Energy | 6.19405 eV/particle
|
Heat of Vaporization | 417 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Fusion | 12.6 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Formation | 533 kJ/mol
|
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2 |
Valence Electrons | 2 ⓘ |
Electron Configuration | [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2ⓘ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 5f3 6d1 7s2 |
Oxidation States | -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
Electronegativity |
1.7
|
Electrophilicity Index | |
States of Matter | |
Phase | Solid |
Gas Phase | |
Boiling Point | 4,404.15 K
|
Melting Point | 1,408.15 K
|
Critical Pressure | |
Critical Temperature | |
Triple Point | |
Visual | |
Uranium is a Silver. U has a CPK of #ff1493, Jmol of #008fff, and MOLCAS GV of #008fff. | |
Color | Silver
|
Appearance | |
Refractive Index | |
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | 27.5 W/(m K)
|
Thermal Expansion | 0.0000139 1/K
|
Molar Heat Capacity | 27.665 J/(mol K)
|
Specific Heat Capacity | 0.116 J/(g⋅K)
|
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | Conductor |
Electrical Conductivity | 3.6 MS/m
|
Electrical Resistivity | 0.00000028 m Ω
|
Superconducting Point | 0.69 K
|
Magnetism | |
Type | paramagnetic |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | 0.0000000216 m³/Kg
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | 0.00000000514 m³/mol
|
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | 0.000411
|
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
The Crystal Structure of Uranium is ORC. The lattice constant of U is 2.85 Å. The lattice angles of Element 92 are π/2, π/2, π/2. | |
Crystal Structure | Base Centered Orthorhombic (ORC) |
Lattice Constant | 2.85 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Mechanical Properties | |
Uranium has a Brinell of 2400 MPa, Mohs hardness of 6 MPa, and Vickers of 1960 MPa. The Bulk Modulus of U is 100 GPa. The Shear Modulus of Element 92 is 111 GPa. The Young Modulus of Uranium (U) is 208 GPa. The Poisson Ratio of Uranium is 0.23. The Speed of Sound of U is 3155 m/s. | |
Hardness | 6 MPa
|
Bulk Modulus | 100 GPa
|
Shear Modulus | 111 GPa
|
Young's Modulus | 208 GPa
|
Poisson Ratio | 0.23
|
Speed of Sound | 3,155 m/s
|
Classification | |
The Glawe Number of Uranium is 36. The Mendeleev Number of U is 20. The Pettifor Number of Element 92 is 45. The Geochemical Class of Uranium (U) is rare earth & related. The Goldschmidt Class of Uranium is litophile. | |
Category | Actinides, Actinides |
CAS Group | |
IUPAC Group | |
Glawe Number | 36 |
Mendeleev Number | 20 |
Pettifor Number | 45 |
Geochemical Class | rare earth & related |
Goldschmidt Class | litophile |
The Gas Basicity of Uranium is 973.2 kJ/mol. The Dipole Polarizability of U is 129 plus or minus 17 a₀. The Allotropes of Element 92 is . The Neutron Cross Section of Uranium (U) is 7.57. The Neutron Mass Absorption of Uranium is 0.0005. The Quantum Numbers of U is 5L6. The Space Group of Element 92 is 63 (Cmcm).
Stable Isotopes | 0 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 29 |
Natural Isotopes | 3 |
Mass Number | 215 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 123 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 1.4 ± 0.9 ms
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2015 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 216 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 124 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 6.9 ± 2.9 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2015 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 217 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 125 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 850 ± 710 us
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2000 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β− (β− decay) |
Mass Number | 218 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 126 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 354 ± 91 us
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1992 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 219 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 127 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 60 ± 7 us
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1993 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 220 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 128 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | |
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 221 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 129 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 660 ± 140 ns
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2015 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 222 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 130 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 4.7 ± 0.7 us
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1983 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 223 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 131 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 65 ± 12 us
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1991 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 224 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 132 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 396 ± 17 us
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1991 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 225 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 133 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 62 ± 4 ms
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1989 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 226 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 134 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 269 ± 6 ms
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1973 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 227 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 135 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 1.1 ± 0.1 m
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1952 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 228 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 136 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 9.1 ± 0.2 m
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 97.5% |
ϵ (electron capture) | 2.5% |
Mass Number | 229 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 137 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 57.8 ± 0.5 m
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 80% |
α (α emission) | 20% |
Mass Number | 230 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 138 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 20.23 ± 0.02 d
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
22Ne | 4.8% |
SF (spontaneous fission) |
Mass Number | 231 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 139 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 4.2 ± 0.1 d
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
α (α emission) | 0.004% |
Mass Number | 232 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 140 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 68.9 ± 0.4 y
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
24Ne (heavy cluster emission) | 8.9% |
SF (spontaneous fission) | 2.7% |
28Mg | 5% |
Mass Number | 233 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 141 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | -0.236 ± 0.02
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 159.19 ± 0.15 ky
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 3.663 ± 0.008
|
Discovery Year | 1947 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
SF (spontaneous fission) | 6% |
24Ne (heavy cluster emission) | 7.2% |
28Mg | 1.3% |
Mass Number | 234 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 142 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | 0.0054 ± 0.0005
|
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 245.5 ± 0.6 ky
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1912 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
SF (spontaneous fission) | 1.64% |
28Mg | 1.4% |
26Ne | 9% |
Mass Number | 235 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 143 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | -0.10857142857143 ± 0.0085714285714286
|
Abundance | 0.7204 ± 0.0006
|
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 704 ± 1 My
|
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 4.936 ± 0.006
|
Discovery Year | 1935 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
SF (spontaneous fission) | 7% |
20Ne | 8% |
25Ne | 8% |
28Mg | 8% |
Mass Number | 236 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 144 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 23.42 ± 0.04 My
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1951 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
SF (spontaneous fission) | 9.4% |
Mass Number | 237 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 145 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 6.752 ± 0.002 d
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1940 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 238 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 146 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | 99.2742 ± 0.001
|
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 4.463 ± 0.003 Gy
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1896 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
SF (spontaneous fission) | 5.44% |
2β− (double β− decay) | 2.2% |
Mass Number | 239 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 147 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 23.45 ± 0.02 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1937 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 240 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 148 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 14.1 ± 0.1 h
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1953 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
α (α emission) |
Mass Number | 241 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 149 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | |
Spin | 7/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) |
Mass Number | 242 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 150 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 16.8 ± 0.5 m
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1979 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Uranium was discovered in 1789 by the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. In 1841, Eugène-Melchior Péligot isolated the first sample of uranium metal by heating uranium tetrachloride with potassium. Antoine Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity by using uranium in 1896. Named after the planet Uranus
Discoverers | Martin Klaproth |
---|---|
Discovery Location | Germany |
Discovery Year | 1789 |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Named for the planet Uranus. |
Pronunciation | yoo-RAY-ni-em (English) |
Occurs in many rocks, but in large amounts only in such minerals as pitchblende and carnotite.
Abundance | |
---|---|
Abundance in Earth's crust | 2.7 mg/kg
|
Natural Abundance (Oceans) | 0.0032 mg/L
|
Natural Abundance (Human Body) | 0.0000001 %
|
Natural Abundance (Meteor) | 0.00000098 %
|
Natural Abundance (Sun) | 0.0000001 %
|
Abundance in Universe | 0.00000002 %
|