Kobalt (Co)

chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27

Atomic Number	27
Atomic Weight	58.933194
Massagetal	59

Group	9
Period	4
Block	d

proton	27 p⁺
neutron	32 n⁰
elektron	27 e^-

Physical Property

Atoomradius	135 pm 233 pm
molar volume	6,7 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	111 pm 103 pm 96 pm 137 pm 138 pm
Metallic Radius	116 pm 125 pm
Ioonradius	58 pm 67 pm 65 pm 74,5 pm 90 pm 54,5 pm 61 pm 40 pm 53 pm
Crystal Radius	72 pm 81 pm 79 pm 88,5 pm 104 pm 68,5 pm 75 pm 54 pm 67 pm
Van der Waals radius	200 pm 200 pm 223 pm 287,2 pm
density	8,86 g/cm³ 7 750 kg/m³

Chemical Property

energie

proton affinity	742,7 kJ/mol
electron affinity	0,66225646 eV/particle
ionization energy	7,88101 eV/particle 17,0844 eV/particle 33,5 eV/particle 51,27 eV/particle 79,5 eV/particle 102 eV/particle 129 eV/particle 157,8 eV/particle 186,14 eV/particle 275,4 eV/particle 305,32 eV/particle 336,15 eV/particle 378,55 eV/particle 410 eV/particle 441,1 eV/particle 511,96 eV/particle 546,588 eV/particle 1 397,2 eV/particle 1 504,5 eV/particle 1 606 eV/particle 1 724 eV/particle 1 844 eV/particle 1 960,83 eV/particle 2 119,4 eV/particle 2 218,876 eV/particle 9 544,183 eV/particle 10 012,122 eV/particle

Verdampingswarmte	389,1 kJ/mol
smeltingswarmte	15,48 kJ/mol
Vormingsentalpie	426,7 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronskil	2, 8, 15, 2

Valenselektrone	2 ⓘ

elektronkonfigurasie	[Ar] 3d⁷ 4s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁷ 4s²

Oksidasietoestand	-3, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Elektronegatiwiteit	10,86 eV/particle 0.1432363 1.88
Electrophilicity Index	1,2638504937543713 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter	Solid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	3 200,15 K
Melting Point	1 768,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
kleur	Gray #ff1493 #f090a0 #f090a0
appearance	hard lustrous gray metal
Brekingsindeks
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	100 W/(m K)
thermal expansion	0,000013 1/K
molar heat capacity	24,81 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,421 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Geleidingsvermoë	17 MS/m
Elektriese resistiwiteit	0,00000006000000000002 Ω*m
superconductivity
Magnetisme
type	ferromagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature	1 394 K
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal Structure	Simple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant	2,51 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness	700 MPa 5 MPa 1 043 MPa
Massamodulus	180 GPa
Skuifmodulus	75 GPa
Young se modulus	209 GPa
Poisson se verhouding	0,31
Spoed van klank	4 720 m/s
classification
Category	Transition metals, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIIIA
IUPAC Group	VIII
Glawe Number	70
Mendeleev Number	63
Pettifor Number	64
Geochemical Class	first series transition metal
Goldschmidt classification	siderophile

other

Gas Basicity	719,8 kJ/mol
polarizability	55 ± 4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	408 a₀ 461 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	37,2
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,021
quantum number	4F9/2
Ruimtegroep	194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Cobalt

Stable Isotopes	1
Unstable Isotopes	31
Natural Isotopes	1

⁴⁷Co

Massagetal	47
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	47,011401 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

⁴⁸Co

Massagetal	48
neutron number	21
Relative Atomic Mass	48,001857 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

⁴⁹Co

Massagetal	49
neutron number	22
Relative Atomic Mass	48,989501 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

⁵⁰Co

Massagetal	50
neutron number	23
Relative Atomic Mass	49,981117 ± 0,000135 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	38,8 ± 0,2 ms
spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1987
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	70.5%
2p (2-proton emission)

⁵¹Co

Massagetal	51
neutron number	24
Relative Atomic Mass	50,970647 ± 0,000052 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	68,8 ± 1,9 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1987
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	3.8%

⁵²Co

Massagetal	52
neutron number	25
Relative Atomic Mass	51,963130224 ± 0,000005669 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	111,7 ± 2,1 ms
spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1987
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁵³Co

Massagetal	53
neutron number	26
Relative Atomic Mass	52,954203278 ± 0,000001854 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	244,6 ± 2,8 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1970
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵⁴Co

Massagetal	54
neutron number	27
Relative Atomic Mass	53,948459075 ± 0,00000038 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	193,27 ± 0,06 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
ontdekkingsdatum	1952
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵⁵Co

Massagetal	55
neutron number	28
Relative Atomic Mass	54,941996416 ± 0,000000434 Da
g-factor	1,3777142857143 ± 0,00085714285714286
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	17,53 ± 0,03 h
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1938
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵⁶Co

Massagetal	56
neutron number	29
Relative Atomic Mass	55,939838032 ± 0,00000051 Da
g-factor	0,9625 ± 0,0025
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	77,236 ± 0,026 d
spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,25 ± 0,09
ontdekkingsdatum	1941
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵⁷Co

Massagetal	57
neutron number	30
Relative Atomic Mass	56,936289819 ± 0,000000553 Da
g-factor	1,3485714285714 ± 0,0028571428571429
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	271,811 ± 0,032 d
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,54 ± 0,1
ontdekkingsdatum	1941
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁵⁸Co

Massagetal	58
neutron number	31
Relative Atomic Mass	57,935751292 ± 0,000001237 Da
g-factor	2,022 ± 0,004
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	70,844 ± 0,02 d
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,23 ± 0,03
ontdekkingsdatum	1941
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
e⁺ (positron emission)	14.79%
ϵ (electron capture)	85.21%

⁵⁹Co

Massagetal	59
neutron number	32
Relative Atomic Mass	58,933193524 ± 0,000000426 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	100
radioaktiwiteit	Stabiele isotoop
Halfleeftyd	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,42 ± 0,03
ontdekkingsdatum	1923
parity	-

⁶⁰Co

Massagetal	60
neutron number	33
Relative Atomic Mass	59,933815536 ± 0,000000433 Da
g-factor	0,7598 ± 0,0016
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	5,2714 ± 0,0006 y
spin	5
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,46 ± 0,06
ontdekkingsdatum	1941
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶¹Co

Massagetal	61
neutron number	34
Relative Atomic Mass	60,932476031 ± 0,000000901 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	1,649 ± 0,005 h
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1947
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶²Co

Massagetal	62
neutron number	35
Relative Atomic Mass	61,934058198 ± 0,00001994 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	1,54 ± 0,1 m
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1949
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶³Co

Massagetal	63
neutron number	36
Relative Atomic Mass	62,93359963 ± 0,000019941 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	26,9 ± 0,4 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1960
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁴Co

Massagetal	64
neutron number	37
Relative Atomic Mass	63,935810176 ± 0,000021476 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	300 ± 30 ms
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1969
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁵Co

Massagetal	65
neutron number	38
Relative Atomic Mass	64,936462071 ± 0,000002235 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	1,16 ± 0,03 s
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1978
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁶Co

Massagetal	66
neutron number	39
Relative Atomic Mass	65,939442943 ± 0,000015 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	194 ± 17 ms
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1985
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶⁷Co

Massagetal	67
neutron number	40
Relative Atomic Mass	66,940609625 ± 0,000006917 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	329 ± 28 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1985
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶⁸Co

Massagetal	68
neutron number	41
Relative Atomic Mass	67,944559401 ± 0,000004142 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	200 ± 20 ms
spin	7
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1985
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶⁹Co

Massagetal	69
neutron number	42
Relative Atomic Mass	68,945909 ± 0,000092 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	180 ± 20 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1985
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁷⁰Co

Massagetal	70
neutron number	43
Relative Atomic Mass	69,9500534 ± 0,0000118 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	508 ± 7 ms
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1998
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷¹Co

Massagetal	71
neutron number	44
Relative Atomic Mass	70,952366923 ± 0,00049923 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	80 ± 3 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1992
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	3%

⁷²Co

Massagetal	72
neutron number	45
Relative Atomic Mass	71,956736 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	51,5 ± 0,3 ms
spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1992
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	4%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷³Co

Massagetal	73
neutron number	46
Relative Atomic Mass	72,959238 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	42 ± 0,8 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1995
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁴Co

Massagetal	74
neutron number	47
Relative Atomic Mass	73,963993 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	31,3 ± 1,3 ms
spin	7
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1995
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	18%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁵Co

Massagetal	75
neutron number	48
Relative Atomic Mass	74,967192 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	26,5 ± 1,2 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	1995
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	16%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁶Co

Massagetal	76
neutron number	49
Relative Atomic Mass	75,972453 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	23 ± 6 ms
spin	8
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	2010
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁷Co

Massagetal	77
neutron number	50
Relative Atomic Mass	76,976479 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd	15 ± 6 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	2014
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
3n (3-neutron emission)

⁷⁸Co

Massagetal	78
neutron number	51
Relative Atomic Mass	77,983553 ± 0,000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit	☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum	2017
parity

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

geskiedenis

Ontdek deur	George Brandt
ligging van ontdekking	Sweden
ontdekkingsdatum	1739
etimologie	German: kobold (goblin).
uitspraak	KO-bolt (Engels)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	25 mg/kg
natural abundance (oseaan)	0,00002 mg/L
natural abundance (human body)	0,000002 %
natural abundance (Meteoroïde)	0,059 %
natural abundance (Son)	0,0004 %
Abundance in Universe	0,0003 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.6332
2	p	3.9076
2	s	7.595
3	d	15.1446
3	p	13.5654
3	s	12.6777
4	s	21.4236

Kobalt on ChemicalAid

AGROVOC ID	c_1702
Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300221155
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3511
BNCF	22939
BNF-kode	119794179
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	kobalt
CAB ID	105528
CA PROP 65 ID	cobalt-metal-powder
CAS Registry Number	7440-48-4
CPV Supplementary	AA16
Canadian Encyclopedia article ID	cobalt
ChEBI ID	27638
Common Procurement Vocabulary	14733000
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID9011040
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID1031040
DrugBank ID	14574
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.325
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/cobalt-chemical-element
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	cobalt
EuroVoc ID	6018
Freebase-kode	/m/025tkrf
French Vikidia ID	Cobalt
GEMET ID	1532
GND ID	4070047-1
Golden ID	Cobalt-RGEZNX
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	2075823
Grove Art Online ID	T2071458
HCIS ID	1033
HSDB ID	519
ICSC ID	0782
IEDB Epitope ID	114073
InChIKey	GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Cobalt
LCCN	sh85027513
Latvian National Encyclopedia Online ID	112080
MeSH descriptor ID	D003035
NALT ID	27388
NDF-RT ID	N0000022936
NDL-kode	00566072
NKC-kode	ph543047
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007284052205171
OmegaWiki Defined Meaning	645
OpenAlex ID	C515602321
PSH ID	5779
Probes And Drugs ID	PD094484
RxNorm ID	1310300
Spanish Cultural Heritage thesauri ID	materias/1010032
Spanish Vikidia ID	Cobalto
Store norske leksikon ID	kobolt
Treccani ID	cobalto
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	285732
UNII	3G0H8C9362
USGS Thesaurus ID	1433
WikiSkripta ID	30617
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14659468-n
YSO ID	15221
Yle topic ID	18-14370
ZVG number	7270

Kobalt (Co)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Cobalt

47Co

48Co

49Co

50Co

51Co

52Co

53Co

54Co

55Co

56Co

57Co

58Co

59Co

60Co

61Co

62Co

63Co

64Co

65Co

66Co

67Co

68Co

69Co

70Co

71Co

72Co

73Co

74Co

75Co

76Co

77Co

78Co

geskiedenis

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁴⁷Co

⁴⁸Co

⁴⁹Co

⁵⁰Co

⁵¹Co

⁵²Co

⁵³Co

⁵⁴Co

⁵⁵Co

⁵⁶Co

⁵⁷Co

⁵⁸Co

⁵⁹Co

⁶⁰Co

⁶¹Co

⁶²Co

⁶³Co

⁶⁴Co

⁶⁵Co

⁶⁶Co

⁶⁷Co

⁶⁸Co

⁶⁹Co

⁷⁰Co

⁷¹Co

⁷²Co

⁷³Co

⁷⁴Co

⁷⁵Co

⁷⁶Co

⁷⁷Co

⁷⁸Co