Gadolinium

Gadolinium (Gd)

element with the atomic number of 64
Atomic Number64
Atomic Weight157.25
Massagetal158
Group
Period6
Blockf
proton64 p+
neutron94 n0
elektron64 e-
Animated Bohr model of Gd (Gadolinium)

Physical Property

Atoomradius
molar volume
Covalent Radius
Metallic Radius
Ioonradius
Crystal Radius
Van der Waals radius
density
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Gadolinium0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240pmAtoomradiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

energie
proton affinity
electron affinity
ionization energy
ionization energy of Gd (Gadolinium)
Verdampingswarmte
smeltingswarmte
Vormingsentalpie
elektron
Elektronskil2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Bohr model: Gd (Gadolinium)
Valenselektrone2
Lewisteorie: Gd (Gadolinium)
elektronkonfigurasie[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f7 5d1 6s2
Enhanced Bohr model of Gd (Gadolinium)
Orbital Diagram of Gd (Gadolinium)
Oksidasietoestand0, 1, 2, 3
Elektronegatiwiteit
1.2
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
kleur
Silver
appearancesilvery white
Brekingsindeks
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Geleidingsvermoë
Elektriese resistiwiteit
superconductivity
Magnetisme
typeferromagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
hardness
Massamodulus
Skuifmodulus
Young se modulus
Poisson se verhouding
0,26
Spoed van klank
classification
CategoryLanthanides, Lanthanides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number26
Mendeleev Number27
Pettifor Number27
Geochemical Classrare earth & related
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
49 000
Neutron Mass Absorption
7,3
quantum number9D2
Ruimtegroep194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Gadolinium

Stable Isotopes5
Unstable Isotopes35
Natural Isotopes7
Isotopic Composition15824.84%15824.84%16021.86%16021.86%15620.47%15620.47%15514.80%15514.80%15715.65%15715.65%1542.18%1542.18%1520.20%1520.20%

133Gd

Massagetal133
neutron number69
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

134Gd

Massagetal134
neutron number70
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

135Gd

Massagetal135
neutron number71
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
1,1 ± 0,2 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1996
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)2%

136Gd

Massagetal136
neutron number72
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum2000
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

137Gd

Massagetal137
neutron number73
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
2,2 ± 0,2 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1999
parity

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

138Gd

Massagetal138
neutron number74
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
4,7 ± 0,9 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1985
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

139Gd

Massagetal139
neutron number75
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
5,7 ± 0,3 s
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1983
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

140Gd

Massagetal140
neutron number76
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
15,8 ± 0,4 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1985
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)67%
ϵ (electron capture)33%

141Gd

Massagetal141
neutron number77
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
14 ± 4 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1986
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.03%

142Gd

Massagetal142
neutron number78
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
70,2 ± 0,6 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1986
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
ϵ (electron capture)52%
e+ (positron emission)48%

143Gd

Massagetal143
neutron number79
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
39 ± 2 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1975
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)

144Gd

Massagetal144
neutron number80
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
4,47 ± 0,06 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1968
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

145Gd

Massagetal145
neutron number81
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
23 ± 0,4 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1959
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

146Gd

Massagetal146
neutron number82
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
48,27 ± 0,09 d
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1957
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

147Gd

Massagetal147
neutron number83
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,29142857142857 ± 0,025714285714286
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
38,06 ± 0,12 h
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1957
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

148Gd

Massagetal148
neutron number84
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
71,3 ± 1 y
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1953
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

149Gd

Massagetal149
neutron number85
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,25142857142857 ± 0,011428571428571
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
9,28 ± 0,1 d
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1951
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)4.3%

150Gd

Massagetal150
neutron number86
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
1,79 ± 0,08 My
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1953
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

151Gd

Massagetal151
neutron number87
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,22 ± 0,017142857142857
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
123,9 ± 1 d
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1950
parity-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%
α (α emission)1.1%

152Gd

Massagetal152
neutron number88
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0,2 ± 0,03
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
108 ± 8 Ty
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1938
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

153Gd

Massagetal153
neutron number89
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,25333333333333 ± 0,053333333333333
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
240,6 ± 0,7 d
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1947
parity-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

154Gd

Massagetal154
neutron number90
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
2,18 ± 0,02
radioaktiwiteitStabiele isotoop
HalfleeftydNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1938
parity+

155Gd

Massagetal155
neutron number91
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,17273333333333 ± 0,00026666666666667
natural abundance
14,8 ± 0,09
radioaktiwiteitStabiele isotoop
HalfleeftydNot Radioactive ☢️
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,27 ± 0,03
ontdekkingsdatum1933
parity-

156Gd

Massagetal156
neutron number92
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
20,47 ± 0,03
radioaktiwiteitStabiele isotoop
HalfleeftydNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1933
parity+

157Gd

Massagetal157
neutron number93
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,22653333333333 ± 0,0004
natural abundance
15,65 ± 0,04
radioaktiwiteitStabiele isotoop
HalfleeftydNot Radioactive ☢️
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,35 ± 0,03
ontdekkingsdatum1933
parity-

158Gd

Massagetal158
neutron number94
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
24,84 ± 0,08
radioaktiwiteitStabiele isotoop
HalfleeftydNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1933
parity+

159Gd

Massagetal159
neutron number95
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,29333333333333 ± 0,02
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
18,479 ± 0,004 h
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

160Gd

Massagetal160
neutron number96
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
21,86 ± 0,03
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1933
parity+

decay modeintensity
(double β decay)

161Gd

Massagetal161
neutron number97
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
3,646 ± 0,003 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

162Gd

Massagetal162
neutron number98
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
8,4 ± 0,2 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1967
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

163Gd

Massagetal163
neutron number99
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
68 ± 3 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum1982
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

164Gd

Massagetal164
neutron number100
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
45 ± 3 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1988
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

165Gd

Massagetal165
neutron number101
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
11,6 ± 1 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1998
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

166Gd

Massagetal166
neutron number102
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
5,1 ± 0,8 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum2005
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

167Gd

Massagetal167
neutron number103
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
4,2 ± 0,3 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum2012
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

168Gd

Massagetal168
neutron number104
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
3,03 ± 0,16 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum1985
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

169Gd

Massagetal169
neutron number105
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
750 ± 210 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum2012
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

170Gd

Massagetal170
neutron number106
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
420 ± 130 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum2012
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

171Gd

Massagetal171
neutron number107
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
ontdekkingsdatum2018
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

172Gd

Massagetal172
neutron number108
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
radioaktiwiteit☢️ radioactive element
Halfleeftyd
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
ontdekkingsdatum2018
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
Gadolinium

geskiedenis

Ontdek deurJean de Marignac
ligging van ontdekkingSwitzerland
ontdekkingsdatum1880
etimologieNamed after the mineral gadolinite.
uitspraakGAD-eh-LIN-i-em (Engels)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (oseaan)
natural abundance (human body)
natural abundance (Meteoroïde)
0,000023 %
natural abundance (Son)
0,0000002 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.2565
2p4.2946
2s16.783
3d13.723
3p19.8508
3s20.2903
4d34.3664
4f38.9864
4p31.3532
4s30.556
5p47.236
5s45.118
6s55.7854