Gadolinij[um]

Gadolinij[um] (Gd)

hemijski element sa simbolom Gd i atomskim brojem 64
Atomic Number64
Atomic Weight157.25
Maseni broj158
Group
Period6
Blockf
Proton64 p+
Neutron94 n0
Elektron64 e-
Animated Bohrov model atoma of Gd (Gadolinij[um])

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus
Molarni volumen
covalent radius
Metallic Radius
Ionski radijus
Crystal Radius
Van der Waalsov radijus
gustoća
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Gadolinij[um]0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240pmAtomski RadijusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waalsov radijus

Chemical Property

energija
proton affinity
electron affinity
ionization energy
ionization energy of Gd (Gadolinij[um])
Toplota isparavanja
toplota topljenja
standard enthalpy of formation
Elektron
electron shell2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Bohrov model atoma: Gd (Gadolinij[um])
Valentni elektron2
Lewis structure: Gd (Gadolinij[um])
electron configuration[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 4f7 5d1 6s2
Enhanced Bohrov model atoma of Gd (Gadolinij[um])
Orbital Diagram of Gd (Gadolinij[um])
oksidacijsko stanje0, 1, 2, 3
Elektronegativnost
1.2
Electrophilicity Index
fundamental state of matter
agregatno stanjeSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
Kritična temperatura
Trojna tačka
appearance
boja
Silver
appearancesilvery white
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Specifična električna provodljivost
electrical resistivity
Superprovodljivost
Magnetizam
typeferromagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Kirijeva tačka
Néel temperature
struktura
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal (HEX)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, 2 π/3
mechanical property
Tvrdoća
bulk modulus
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
0,26
Brzina zvuka
klasifikacija
CategoryLanthanides, Lanthanides
CAS Group
IUPAC Group
Glawe Number26
Mendeleev Number27
Pettifor Number27
Geochemical Classrare earth & related
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
49.000
Neutron Mass Absorption
7,3
Kvantni brojevi9D2
space group194 (P63/mmc)

Isotopes of Gadolinium

Stable Isotopes5
Unstable Isotopes35
Natural Isotopes7
Isotopic Composition15824.84%15824.84%16021.86%16021.86%15620.47%15620.47%15514.80%15514.80%15715.65%15715.65%1542.18%1542.18%1520.20%1520.20%

133Gd

Maseni broj133
broj neutrona69
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

134Gd

Maseni broj134
broj neutrona70
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

135Gd

Maseni broj135
broj neutrona71
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,1 ± 0,2 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1996
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)2%

136Gd

Maseni broj136
broj neutrona72
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića2000
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

137Gd

Maseni broj137
broj neutrona73
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
2,2 ± 0,2 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1999
parity

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

138Gd

Maseni broj138
broj neutrona74
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
4,7 ± 0,9 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1985
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

139Gd

Maseni broj139
broj neutrona75
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
5,7 ± 0,3 s
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1983
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

140Gd

Maseni broj140
broj neutrona76
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
15,8 ± 0,4 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1985
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
e+ (positron emission)67%
ϵ (electron capture)33%

141Gd

Maseni broj141
broj neutrona77
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
14 ± 4 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1986
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.03%

142Gd

Maseni broj142
broj neutrona78
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
70,2 ± 0,6 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1986
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
ϵ (electron capture)52%
e+ (positron emission)48%

143Gd

Maseni broj143
broj neutrona79
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
39 ± 2 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1975
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)

144Gd

Maseni broj144
broj neutrona80
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
4,47 ± 0,06 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1968
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

145Gd

Maseni broj145
broj neutrona81
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
23 ± 0,4 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1959
parity+

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

146Gd

Maseni broj146
broj neutrona82
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
48,27 ± 0,09 d
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1957
parity+

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

147Gd

Maseni broj147
broj neutrona83
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,29142857142857 ± 0,025714285714286
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
38,06 ± 0,12 h
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1957
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

148Gd

Maseni broj148
broj neutrona84
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
71,3 ± 1 y
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1953
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

149Gd

Maseni broj149
broj neutrona85
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,25142857142857 ± 0,011428571428571
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
9,28 ± 0,1 d
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1951
parity-

decay modeintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
α (α emission)4.3%

150Gd

Maseni broj150
broj neutrona86
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
1,79 ± 0,08 My
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1953
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

151Gd

Maseni broj151
broj neutrona87
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,22 ± 0,017142857142857
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
123,9 ± 1 d
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1950
parity-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%
α (α emission)1.1%

152Gd

Maseni broj152
broj neutrona88
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0,2 ± 0,03
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
108 ± 8 Ty
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1938
parity+

decay modeintensity
α (α emission)100%
+ (double β+ decay)

153Gd

Maseni broj153
broj neutrona89
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0,25333333333333 ± 0,053333333333333
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
240,6 ± 0,7 d
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1947
parity-

decay modeintensity
ϵ (electron capture)100%

154Gd

Maseni broj154
broj neutrona90
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
2,18 ± 0,02
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1938
parity+

155Gd

Maseni broj155
broj neutrona91
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,17273333333333 ± 0,00026666666666667
natural abundance
14,8 ± 0,09
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,27 ± 0,03
datum otkrića1933
parity-

156Gd

Maseni broj156
broj neutrona92
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
20,47 ± 0,03
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1933
parity+

157Gd

Maseni broj157
broj neutrona93
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,22653333333333 ± 0,0004
natural abundance
15,65 ± 0,04
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1,35 ± 0,03
datum otkrića1933
parity-

158Gd

Maseni broj158
broj neutrona94
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
24,84 ± 0,08
Radioaktivnoststable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspadaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1933
parity+

159Gd

Maseni broj159
broj neutrona95
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
-0,29333333333333 ± 0,02
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
18,479 ± 0,004 h
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

160Gd

Maseni broj160
broj neutrona96
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
21,86 ± 0,03
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1933
parity+

decay modeintensity
(double β decay)

161Gd

Maseni broj161
broj neutrona97
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,646 ± 0,003 m
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1949
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

162Gd

Maseni broj162
broj neutrona98
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
8,4 ± 0,2 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1967
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

163Gd

Maseni broj163
broj neutrona99
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
68 ± 3 s
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića1982
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

164Gd

Maseni broj164
broj neutrona100
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
45 ± 3 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1988
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

165Gd

Maseni broj165
broj neutrona101
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
11,6 ± 1 s
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1998
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

166Gd

Maseni broj166
broj neutrona102
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
5,1 ± 0,8 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića2005
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

167Gd

Maseni broj167
broj neutrona103
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
4,2 ± 0,3 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića2012
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

168Gd

Maseni broj168
broj neutrona104
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
3,03 ± 0,16 s
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića1985
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%

169Gd

Maseni broj169
broj neutrona105
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
750 ± 210 ms
spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića2012
parity-

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

170Gd

Maseni broj170
broj neutrona106
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
420 ± 130 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića2012
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

171Gd

Maseni broj171
broj neutrona107
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
datum otkrića2018
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

172Gd

Maseni broj172
broj neutrona108
Relative Atomic Mass
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Radioaktivnost☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
datum otkrića2018
parity+

decay modeintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
Gadolinium

historija

otkrivač ili izumiteljJean de Marignac
mjesto otkrićaSwitzerland
datum otkrića1880
EtimologijaNamed after the mineral gadolinite.
pronunciationGAD-eh-LIN-i-em (engleski)

izvor

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (okean)
natural abundance (ljudsko tijelo)
natural abundance (Meteoroidi)
0,000023 %
natural abundance (Sunce)
0,0000002 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0000002 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s1.2565
2p4.2946
2s16.783
3d13.723
3p19.8508
3s20.2903
4d34.3664
4f38.9864
4p31.3532
4s30.556
5p47.236
5s45.118
6s55.7854