Thorium (Th)

Properties

Abundance
CAS Number	7440-29-1
PubChem CID	23960
Atomic Radius	179
Atomic Volume	19.9
Atomic Weight	232.038
Block	f
Boiling Point	4,788
Bulk Modulus
Category	Actinides
Crystal Structure	Face Centered Cubic
Color	Silver
Covalent Radius	206
Density	11.7
Electrical Resistivity
Electron Configuration	[Rn] 6d² 7s²
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2
Electronegativity	1.3
Electrons	90
Group	na
Heat of Fusion	16
Heat of Vaporization	530
Ionization Potential	6.307
Magnetic Ordering
Magnetic Susceptibility
Mass	232.038
Mass Number	90
Melting Point	1,842
Name	Thorium
Neutrons	142
Atomic Number	232
Oxidation States	2, 3, 4
Period	7
Phase	Solid
Poisson Ratio
Protons	90
Shear Modulus
Specific Heat Capacity	0.113
Symbol	Th
Thermal Conductivity	0.54
Van der Waals radius
Young's Modulus
Abundance in Earth's crust	0.0006%
Abundance in Universe	4×10^-8%

Th Thorium 90 232.0381 7 f 90 1750.0 4790.0 [Rn] 6d2 7s2 2 8 18 32 18 10 2 11.7 0.0006% Silver Cubic: Face centered 1.3 {"1":"587","2":"1110","3":"1930","4":"2780"} 587 4 1.8 19.9 15.65 543.92 0.113 54.0 1 1.406×10¹⁰¹⁰y AlphaEmission Solid, Conductor, Actinide, Radioactive, Natural THOR-i-em Heavy, gray, soft, malleable, ductile, radioactive metal. Used in making strong alloys. Also in ultraviolet photoelectric cells. It is a common ingredient in high-quality lenses. Bombarded with neutrons make uranium-233, a nuclear fuel. Found in various minerals like monazite and thorite. KQ64Jm3dmSs Thorium

Torbern Bergman obtained from scheelite an oxide of a new element in 1781.

In 1783, José and Fausto Elhuyar found an acid made from wolframite that was identical to tungstic acid.

Later that year, in Spain, the brothers succeeded in isolating tungsten by reduction of this acid with charcoal, and they are credited with the discovery of the element. From Swedish, tung sten meaning heavy stone 90 1829 JÃ¶ns Berzelius Sweden Named after "Thor", the mythological Scandinavian god of war

Isotopes of Tungsten

Standard Atomic Weight

232.0377(4)

Stable Isotopes

²³²Th

Unstable Isotopes

²⁰⁹Th ²¹⁰Th ²¹¹Th ²¹²Th ²¹³Th ²¹⁴Th ²¹⁵Th ²¹⁶Th ²¹⁷Th ²¹⁸Th ²¹⁹Th ²²⁰Th ²²¹Th ²²²Th ²²³Th ²²⁴Th ²²⁵Th ²²⁶Th ²²⁷Th ²²⁸Th ²²⁹Th ²³⁰Th ²³¹Th ²³³Th ²³⁴Th ²³⁵Th ²³⁶Th ²³⁷Th ²³⁸Th

Tungsten is considered to be of low toxicity

The chemical symbol, W, comes from the original name of the element, Wolfram

Tungsten and its alloys are widely used for filaments in electric bulbs and electronic tubes.

Tungsten carbide is of great importance to the metal-working, mining, and petroleum industries.

Tungsten oxides are used in ceramic glazes and calcium/magnesium tungstates are used widely in fluorescent lighting.

Thorium on ChemicalAid