Atomic Number | 89 |
---|---|
Atomic Weight | 227 |
Mass Number | 205 |
Group | 3 |
---|---|
Period | 7 |
Block | d |
Protons | 89 p+ |
---|---|
Neutrons | 116 n0 |
Electrons | 89 e- |
Atomic Radius | 195 pm
|
---|---|
Molar Volume | 22.54 cm³/mol
|
Covalent Radius | 186 pm
|
Metallic Radius | |
Ionic Radius | 112 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 126 pm
|
Van der Waals Radius |
247 pm
|
Density | 10 g/cm³
|
Energy | |
---|---|
Proton Affinity | |
Electron Affinity | 0.35 eV/particle
|
Ionization Energy | 5.380226 eV/particle
|
Heat of Vaporization | 292.9 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Fusion | 10.5 kJ/mol
|
Heat of Formation | 406 kJ/mol
|
Electrons | |
Electron Shells | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 9, 2 |
Valence Electrons | 2 ⓘ |
Electron Configuration | [Rn] 6d1 7s2ⓘ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 6d1 7s2 |
Oxidation States | 2, 3 |
Electronegativity |
1.1
|
Electrophilicity Index | 0.8159546412794374 eV/particle
|
States of Matter | |
Phase | Solid |
Gas Phase | |
Boiling Point | 3,473.15 K
|
Melting Point | 1,323.15 K
|
Critical Pressure | |
Critical Temperature | |
Triple Point | |
Visual | |
Actinium is a Silver. Ac has a CPK of #ffffff, Jmol of #70abfa, and MOLCAS GV of #70abfa. | |
Color | Silver
|
Appearance | |
Refractive Index | |
Thermodynamic Properties | |
Thermal Conductivity | |
Thermal Expansion | |
Molar Heat Capacity | 27.2 J/(mol K)
|
Specific Heat Capacity | 0.12 J/(g⋅K)
|
Heat Capacity Ratio (Adiabatic Index) | |
Electrical Properties | |
Type | |
Electrical Conductivity | |
Electrical Resistivity | |
Superconducting Point | |
Magnetism | |
Type | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Mass) | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Molar) | |
Magnetic Susceptibility (Volume) | |
Magnetic Ordering | |
Curie Point | |
Neel Point | |
Structure | |
The Crystal Structure of Actinium is FCC. The lattice constant of Ac is 5.31 Å. The lattice angles of Element 89 are π/2, π/2, π/2. | |
Crystal Structure | Face Centered Cubic (FCC) |
Lattice Constant | 5.31 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, π/2 |
Mechanical Properties | |
Hardness | |
Bulk Modulus | |
Shear Modulus | |
Young's Modulus | |
Poisson Ratio | |
Speed of Sound | |
Classification | |
The CAS Group of Actinium is IIIA. The IUPAC Group of Ac is IIIB. The Glawe Number of Element 89 is 33. The Mendeleev Number of Actinium (Ac) is 14. The Pettifor Number of Actinium is 48. The Geochemical Class of Ac is U/Th decay series. The Goldschmidt Class of Element 89 is synthetic. | |
Category | Actinides, Actinides |
CAS Group | IIIA |
IUPAC Group | IIIB |
Glawe Number | 33 |
Mendeleev Number | 14 |
Pettifor Number | 48 |
Geochemical Class | U/Th decay series |
Goldschmidt Class | synthetic |
The Dipole Polarizability of Actinium is 203 plus or minus 12 a₀. The Allotropes of Ac is . The Neutron Cross Section of Element 89 is 880. The Neutron Mass Absorption of Actinium (Ac) is 0.078. The Quantum Numbers of Actinium is 2D3/2. The Space Group of Ac is 225 (Fm_3m).
Gas Basicity | |
---|---|
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
Allotropes | |
Neutron Cross Section | 880
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0.078
|
Quantum Numbers | 2D3/2 |
Space Group | 225 (Fm_3m) |
Stable Isotopes | 0 |
---|---|
Unstable Isotopes | 33 |
Natural Isotopes | 0 |
Mass Number | 205 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 116 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 80 ± 60 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2014 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 206 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 117 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 25 ± 7 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1998 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 207 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 118 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 31 ± 8 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 208 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 119 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 97 ± 15 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1994 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 209 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 120 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 94 ± 10 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 210 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 121 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 350 ± 40 ms
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 211 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 122 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 213 ± 25 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 212 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 123 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 895 ± 28 ms
|
Spin | 7 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 213 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 124 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 738 ± 16 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 214 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 125 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 8.2 ± 0.2 s
|
Spin | 5 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 93% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 7% |
Mass Number | 215 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 126 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 171 ± 10 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 0.09% |
Mass Number | 216 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 127 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 440 ± 16 us
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1967 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 217 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 128 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0.85111111111111 ± 0.011111111111111
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 69 ± 4 ns
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1972 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 218 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 129 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 1 ± 0.04 us
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 219 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 130 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 9.4 ± 1 us
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 220 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 131 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 26.36 ± 0.19 ms
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1970 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) |
Mass Number | 221 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 132 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 52 ± 2 ms
|
Spin | 9/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1968 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
Mass Number | 222 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 133 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 5 ± 0.5 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1949 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 99% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 1% |
Mass Number | 223 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 134 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 2.1 ± 0.05 m
|
Spin | 5/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 99% |
ϵ (electron capture) |
Mass Number | 224 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 135 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | 0
|
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 2.78 ± 0.16 h
|
Spin | 0 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1948 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 90.5% |
α (α emission) | 9.5% |
β− (β− decay) |
Mass Number | 225 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 136 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 9.919 ± 0.0021 d
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1947 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 100% |
14C | 5.3% |
Mass Number | 226 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 137 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 29.37 ± 0.12 h
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1950 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 83% |
ϵ (electron capture) | 17% |
α (α emission) | 0.006% |
Mass Number | 227 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 138 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 21.772 ± 0.003 y
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1851 |
Parity | - |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 98.62% |
α (α emission) | 1.38% |
Mass Number | 228 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 139 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 6.15 ± 0.02 h
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1908 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 229 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 140 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 62.7 ± 0.5 m
|
Spin | 3/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1952 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 230 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 141 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 122 ± 3 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1973 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
β− SF (β−-delayed fission) | 1.2% |
Mass Number | 231 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 142 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 7.5 ± 0.1 m
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1973 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 232 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 143 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 1.98 ± 0.08 m
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1986 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 233 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 144 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 143 ± 10 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 1983 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 234 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 145 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 45 ± 2 s
|
Spin | 1 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 1986 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 235 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 146 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 62 ± 4 s
|
Spin | 1/2 |
Quadrupole Moment | 0
|
Discovery Year | 2006 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
Mass Number | 236 |
---|---|
Neutron Number | 147 |
Relative Atomic Mass | |
G-Factor | |
Abundance | |
Radioactivity | ☢️ Radioactive |
Half Life | 4.5 ± 3.6 m
|
Spin | 3 |
Quadrupole Moment | |
Discovery Year | 2010 |
Parity | + |
Decay Mode | Intensity |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
André-Louis Debierne, a French chemist, discovered actinium in 1899. He separated it from pitchblende residues left by Marie and Pierre Curie after they had extracted radium. Friedrich Oskar Giesel independently discovered actinium in 1902 as a substance being similar to lanthanum. From the Greek aktis, aktinos, meaning beam or ray
Discoverers | André Debierne |
---|---|
Discovery Location | France |
Discovery Year | 1899 |
Etymology (Name Origin) | Greek: akis, aktinos (ray). |
Pronunciation | ak-TIN-i-em (English) |
Extremely rare, found in all uranium ores. Usually obtained by treating radium with neutrons in a reactor.
Abundance | |
---|---|
Abundance in Earth's crust | 0.00000000055 mg/kg
|
Natural Abundance (Oceans) | |
Natural Abundance (Human Body) | 0 %
|
Natural Abundance (Meteor) | |
Natural Abundance (Sun) | 0 %
|
Abundance in Universe | 0 %
|