Boron, ²Boru (B)

chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5

Atomic Number	5
Atomic Weight	10.81
mass number	11

Group	13
Period	2
Block	p

proton	5 p⁺
neutron	6 n⁰
elettron	5 e^-

Physical Property

Atomic Radius	85 pm 205 pm
molar volume	4.6 cm³/mol
covalent radius	85 pm 78 pm 73 pm 84 pm
Metallic Radius	80 pm 98 pm
ionic radius	1 pm 11 pm 27 pm
Crystal Radius	15 pm 25 pm 41 pm
Van der Waals radius	180 pm 402 pm 192 pm 215 pm 192 pm 408.3 pm
densità	2.34 g/cm³ 2,080 kg/m³

Chemical Property

{ERROR}

enerġija

proton affinity
electron affinity	0.279723 eV/particle
ionization energy	8.298019 eV/particle 25.15483 eV/particle 37.93058 eV/particle 259.3715 eV/particle 340.226008 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	504.5 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	23.6 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	565 kJ/mol
elettron

electron shell	2, 3

valence electron	3 ⓘ

electron configuration	[He] 2s² 2p¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p¹

oxidation number	-5, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3
electronegativity	12.13 eV/particle 0.184886 2.04
Electrophilicity Index	1.1470276511768214 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	4,273.15 K
Melting Point	2,350.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
appearance
kulur	Black #00ff00 #ffb5b5 #ffb5b5
appearance	black-brown
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	27.4 W/(m K)
thermal expansion	0.000006 1/K
molar heat capacity	11.087 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	1.026 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Insulator
electrical conductivity	0.0000000001 MS/m
electrical resistivity	10,000 Ω*m
superconductivity
magnetism
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000087 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.0000000000941 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000214
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	8.73 Å
Lattice Angles	1.01334, 1.01334, 1.01334
mechanical property
hardness	9.3 MPa 49,000 MPa
bulk modulus	320 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
speed of sound	16,200 m/s
classification
Category	Actinides, Metalloids
CAS Group	IIIB
IUPAC Group	IIIA
Glawe Number	86
Mendeleev Number	81
Pettifor Number	86
Geochemical Class
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	20.5 ± 0.1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	99.5 a₀ 99.2 a₀
allotrope	Alpha Rhombohedral Boron, Beta Rhombohedral Boron, Alpha Tetragonal Boron
Neutron cross section	760
Neutron Mass Absorption	2.4
quantum number	2P1/2
space group	166 (R_3m)

Isotopes of Boron

Stable Isotopes	2
Unstable Isotopes	14
Natural Isotopes	2

⁶B

mass number	6
neutron number	1
Relative Atomic Mass	6.0508 ± 0.00215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
2p (2-proton emission)

⁷B

mass number	7
neutron number	2
Relative Atomic Mass	7.029712 ± 0.000027 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	570 ± 14 ys
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1967
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)	100%

⁸B

mass number	8
neutron number	3
Relative Atomic Mass	8.024607315 ± 0.000001073 Da
g-factor	0.51775 ± 0.00015
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	771.9 ± 0.9 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0643 ± 0.0014
time of discovery or invention	1950
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	100%

⁹B

mass number	9
neutron number	4
Relative Atomic Mass	9.013329645 ± 0.000000969 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	800 ± 300 zs
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1940
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)	100%

¹⁰B

mass number	10
neutron number	5
Relative Atomic Mass	10.012936862 ± 0.000000016 Da
g-factor	0.60015453333333 ± 0.00000026666666666667
natural abundance	19.65 ± 0.44
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0846 ± 0.0002
time of discovery or invention	1920
parity	+

¹¹B

mass number	11
neutron number	6
Relative Atomic Mass	11.009305166 ± 0.000000013 Da
g-factor	1.792252 ± 0.00000066666666666667
natural abundance	80.35 ± 0.44
radioactivity	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.04059 ± 0.0001
time of discovery or invention	1920
parity	-

¹²B

mass number	12
neutron number	7
Relative Atomic Mass	12.014352638 ± 0.000001418 Da
g-factor	1.003 ± 0.001
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	20.2 ± 0.02 ms
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0132 ± 0.0003
time of discovery or invention	1935
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻α (β⁻-delayed α emission)	0.6%

¹³B

mass number	13
neutron number	8
Relative Atomic Mass	13.017779981 ± 0.000001073 Da
g-factor	2.1185333333333 ± 0.00033333333333333
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	17.16 ± 0.18 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0365 ± 0.0008
time of discovery or invention	1956
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.266%

¹⁴B

mass number	14
neutron number	9
Relative Atomic Mass	14.02540401 ± 0.000022773 Da
g-factor	0.5925 ± 0.0025
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	12.36 ± 0.29 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0297 ± 0.0008
time of discovery or invention	1966
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.04%
2n (2-neutron emission)

¹⁵B

mass number	15
neutron number	10
Relative Atomic Mass	15.031087023 ± 0.000022575 Da
g-factor	1.7726666666667 ± 0.01
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	10.18 ± 0.35 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0379 ± 0.0011
time of discovery or invention	1966
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	98.7%
2n (2-neutron emission)	1.5%

¹⁶B

mass number	16
neutron number	11
Relative Atomic Mass	16.039841045 ± 0.000026373 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
time of discovery or invention	2000
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)

¹⁷B

mass number	17
neutron number	12
Relative Atomic Mass	17.046931399 ± 0.000219114 Da
g-factor	1.7 ± 0.013333333333333
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	5.08 ± 0.05 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.0385 ± 0.0015
time of discovery or invention	1973
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	63%
2n (2-neutron emission)	12%
3n (3-neutron emission)	3.5%
4n	0.4%

¹⁸B

mass number	18
neutron number	13
Relative Atomic Mass	18.055601683 ± 0.00021918 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2010
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)	100%

¹⁹B

mass number	19
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	19.064166 ± 0.000564 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	2.92 ± 0.13 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	1984
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	71%
2n (2-neutron emission)	17%
3n (3-neutron emission)	9.1%

²⁰B

mass number	20
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	20.074505644 ± 0.000586538 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2018
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
n (neutron emission)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

²¹B

mass number	21
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	21.084147485 ± 0.00059975 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivity	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
time of discovery or invention	2018
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
2n (2-neutron emission)	100%

storja

discoverer or inventor	Sir H. Davy, J.L. Gay-Lussac, L.J. Thénard
location of discovery	England/France
time of discovery or invention	1808
etimoloġija	From Arabic and Persian words for borax.
pronunciation	BO-ron (Ingliż)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	10 mg/kg
natural abundance (ocean)	4.44 mg/L
natural abundance (human body)	0.00007 %
natural abundance (meteoroid)	0.00016 %
natural abundance (Xemx)	0.0000002 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0000001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.3205
2	p	2.5786
2	s	2.4238

Boron, ²Boru on ChemicalAid

boru

Boron, ²Boru (B)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Boron

6B

7B

8B

9B

10B

11B

12B

13B

14B

15B

16B

17B

18B

19B

20B

21B

storja

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁶B

⁷B

⁸B

⁹B

¹⁰B

¹¹B

¹²B

¹³B

¹⁴B

¹⁵B

¹⁶B

¹⁷B

¹⁸B

¹⁹B

²⁰B

²¹B