Brom (Br)

grundstof med atomnummer 35

Atomnummer	35
Atommasse	79.904
mass number	79

Gruppe	17
Periode	4
Blok	p

proton	35 p⁺
neutron	44 n⁰
elektron	35 e^-

Fysisk Egenskab

Atomradius	115 pm 219 pm
molar volume	23,5 cm³/mol
Kovalent Radius	114 pm 109 pm 110 pm 119 pm 120 pm
Metallic Radius	117 pm
Ionisk radius	196 pm 59 pm 31 pm 25 pm 39 pm
Crystal Radius	182 pm 73 pm 45 pm 39 pm 53 pm
Van der Waals-radius	190 pm 183 pm 395 pm 185 pm 222 pm 187 pm 418,9 pm
massefylde	3,1028 g/cm³ 3.120 kg/m³

Kemisk Egenskab

{ERROR}

energi

proton affinity	554,4 kJ/mol
electron affinity	3,3635882 eV/particle
ioniseringsenergi	11,81381 eV/particle 21,591 eV/particle 35 eV/particle 47,78 eV/particle 59,595 eV/particle 85,1 eV/particle 103 eV/particle 192,61 eV/particle 224 eV/particle 261 eV/particle 301 eV/particle 338 eV/particle 393 eV/particle 436 eV/particle 481 eV/particle 530 eV/particle 577 eV/particle 716,3 eV/particle 760,99 eV/particle 809,8 eV/particle 870 eV/particle 920,8 eV/particle 963 eV/particle 1.070,6 eV/particle 1.119,169 eV/particle 2.731 eV/particle 2.870 eV/particle 3.020 eV/particle 3.169 eV/particle 3.361 eV/particle 3.523,1 eV/particle 3.735 eV/particle 3.868,986 eV/particle 16.317,01 eV/particle 16.937,126 eV/particle

Fordampningsvarme	29,56 kJ/mol
smeltevarme	10,57 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	111,85 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronskal	2, 8, 18, 7

Valenselektron	7 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵

Oxidationstrin	-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
Elektronegativitet	15,88 eV/particle 0.2412578 2.96
Electrophilicity Index	3,4075054710599915 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

stoffase
gaseous state of matter
Kogepunkt	331,95 K
Smeltepunkt	265,95 K
critical pressure	10,34 MPa
critical temperature	588,15 K
trippelpunkt	265,9 K 5,879 kPa
appearance
farve	Sort #a52a2a #a62929 #a62929
appearance
Brydningsindeks	1,001132
materialeegenskab
Varmeledningsevne	0,005 W/(m K)
Termisk ekspansion
molar heat capacity	75,69 J/(mol K)
Varmefylde	0,474 J/(g⋅K)
Adiabateksponenten
electrical properties
type	Insulator
specifik ledningsevne	0,0000000000000001 MS/m
Elektrisk resistivitet	10.000.000.000 Ω*m
superledning
Magnetisme
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0,0000000049 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0,000000000783 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0,0000153
magnetic ordering
Curietemperaturen
Néel temperature
struktur
Krystalstruktur	{ERROR}
lattice constant	6,67 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hårdhed
Kompressibilitetsmodul	1,9 GPa
Forskydningsmodul
E-modul
Poissons forhold
speed of sound
klassificering
Kategori	Actinider, Halogens
CAS Group	VIIB
IUPAC Group	VIIA
Glawe Number	100
Mendeleev Number	108
Pettifor Number	98
Geochemical Class	semi-volatile
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

øvrige

Gas Basicity	531,2 kJ/mol
polarizability	21 ± 1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	162 a₀ 187 a₀
allotrope	Dibromine
Neutron cross section	6,8
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,002
quantum number	2P3/2
rumgruppe	64 (Cmca)

Isotopes of Bromine

Stable Isotopes	2
Unstable Isotopes	32
Natural Isotopes	2

⁶⁵Br

mass number	65
neutron number	30
Relative Atomic Mass	64,982297 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)

⁶⁶Br

mass number	66
neutron number	31
Relative Atomic Mass	65,974697 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)

⁶⁷Br

mass number	67
neutron number	32
Relative Atomic Mass	66,965078 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)

⁶⁸Br

mass number	68
neutron number	33
Relative Atomic Mass	67,958356 ± 0,000278 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1995
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)

⁶⁹Br

mass number	69
neutron number	34
Relative Atomic Mass	68,95033841 ± 0,000045091 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1988
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)	100%

⁷⁰Br

mass number	70
neutron number	35
Relative Atomic Mass	69,944792321 ± 0,000016 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	78,8 ± 0,3 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1978
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁷¹Br

mass number	71
neutron number	36
Relative Atomic Mass	70,939342153 ± 0,000005799 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	21,4 ± 0,6 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1981
Paritet

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷²Br

mass number	72
neutron number	37
Relative Atomic Mass	71,936594606 ± 0,0000011 Da
g-factor	0,6 ± 0,1
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	78,6 ± 2,4 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1970
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷³Br

mass number	73
neutron number	38
Relative Atomic Mass	72,931673441 ± 0,000007237 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	3,4 ± 0,2 m
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1970
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁴Br

mass number	74
neutron number	39
Relative Atomic Mass	73,929910279 ± 0,000006264 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	25,4 ± 0,3 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
opdagelsesdato	1952
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁵Br

mass number	75
neutron number	40
Relative Atomic Mass	74,925810566 ± 0,0000046 Da
g-factor	0,50666666666667 ± 0,12
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	96,7 ± 1,3 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1948
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁶Br

mass number	76
neutron number	41
Relative Atomic Mass	75,924541574 ± 0,000010007 Da
g-factor	0,5477 ± 0,0001
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	16,2 ± 0,2 h
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,251 ± 0,004
opdagelsesdato	1952
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁷Br

mass number	77
neutron number	42
Relative Atomic Mass	76,921379193 ± 0,000003017 Da
g-factor	0,64873333333333 ± 0,0004
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	57,04 ± 0,12 h
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,5 ± 0,02
opdagelsesdato	1948
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁸Br

mass number	78
neutron number	43
Relative Atomic Mass	77,921145858 ± 0,000003842 Da
g-factor	0,13 ± 0,03
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	6,45 ± 0,04 m
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1937
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	0.01%

⁷⁹Br

mass number	79
neutron number	44
Relative Atomic Mass	78,918337574 ± 0,000001074 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	50,65 ± 0,09
radioaktivitet	stable isotope
halveringstid	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,3087 ± 0,0002
opdagelsesdato	1920
Paritet	-

⁸⁰Br

mass number	80
neutron number	45
Relative Atomic Mass	79,918529784 ± 0,000001065 Da
g-factor	0,5135 ± 0,0006
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	17,68 ± 0,02 m
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,182 ± 0,003
opdagelsesdato	1937
Paritet	+

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	91.7%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	8.3%

⁸¹Br

mass number	81
neutron number	46
Relative Atomic Mass	80,916288197 ± 0,000001049 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	49,35 ± 0,09
radioaktivitet	stable isotope
halveringstid	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1920
Paritet	-

⁸²Br

mass number	82
neutron number	47
Relative Atomic Mass	81,916801752 ± 0,000001042 Da
g-factor	0,32512 ± 0,00012
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	35,282 ± 0,007 h
spin	5
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,697 ± 0,01
opdagelsesdato	1937
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸³Br

mass number	83
neutron number	48
Relative Atomic Mass	82,915175285 ± 0,000004073 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,374 ± 0,004 h
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1937
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁴Br

mass number	84
neutron number	49
Relative Atomic Mass	83,916496417 ± 0,000027622 Da
g-factor	0,95 ± 0,35
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	31,76 ± 0,08 m
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1943
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁵Br

mass number	85
neutron number	50
Relative Atomic Mass	84,915645758 ± 0,000003304 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	2,9 ± 0,06 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1943
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁶Br

mass number	86
neutron number	51
Relative Atomic Mass	85,918805432 ± 0,000003304 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	55,1 ± 0,4 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1962
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁷Br

mass number	87
neutron number	52
Relative Atomic Mass	86,920674016 ± 0,000003404 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	55,68 ± 0,12 s
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1943
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.6%

⁸⁸Br

mass number	88
neutron number	53
Relative Atomic Mass	87,92408329 ± 0,000003404 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	16,34 ± 0,08 s
spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1948
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.58%

⁸⁹Br

mass number	89
neutron number	54
Relative Atomic Mass	88,926704558 ± 0,000003504 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	4,357 ± 0,022 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1959
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	13.8%

⁹⁰Br

mass number	90
neutron number	55
Relative Atomic Mass	89,931292848 ± 0,000003604 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	1,91 ± 0,01 s
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1959
Paritet

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	25.3%

⁹¹Br

mass number	91
neutron number	56
Relative Atomic Mass	90,934398617 ± 0,000003804 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	543 ± 4 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1974
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	29.5%

⁹²Br

mass number	92
neutron number	57
Relative Atomic Mass	91,939631595 ± 0,000007202 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	314 ± 16 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1974
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	33.1%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹³Br

mass number	93
neutron number	58
Relative Atomic Mass	92,94322 ± 0,0004625 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	152 ± 8 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1981
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	64%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁴Br

mass number	94
neutron number	59
Relative Atomic Mass	93,948846 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid	70 ± 20 ms
spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1981
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	68%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁵Br

mass number	95
neutron number	60
Relative Atomic Mass	94,952925 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1997
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁶Br

mass number	96
neutron number	61
Relative Atomic Mass	95,95898 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1997
Paritet

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁷Br

mass number	97
neutron number	62
Relative Atomic Mass	96,963499 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	1997
Paritet	-

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁸Br

mass number	98
neutron number	63
Relative Atomic Mass	97,969887 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivitet	☢️ radioactive element
halveringstid
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
opdagelsesdato	2010
Paritet

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

historie

opdager eller opfinder	Antoine J. Balard
fundsted	France
opdagelsesdato	1826
etymologi	Greek: brômos (stench).
udtale	BRO-meen (engelsk)

source

Forekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust	2,4 mg/kg
natural abundance (verdenshave)	67,3 mg/L
natural abundance (menneskelige krop)	0,00029 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0,00012 %
natural abundance (Solen)
Abundance in Universe	0,0000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.7529
2	p	3.9436
2	s	9.3566
3	d	15.4409
3	p	15.4292
3	s	14.7815
4	p	25.972
4	s	24.4472

Brom on ChemicalAid

Brom (Br)

Fysisk Egenskab

Kemisk Egenskab

øvrige

Isotopes of Bromine

65Br

66Br

67Br

68Br

69Br

70Br

71Br

72Br

73Br

74Br

75Br

76Br

77Br

78Br

79Br

80Br

81Br

82Br

83Br

84Br

85Br

86Br

87Br

88Br

89Br

90Br

91Br

92Br

93Br

94Br

95Br

96Br

97Br

98Br

historie

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁶⁵Br

⁶⁶Br

⁶⁷Br

⁶⁸Br

⁶⁹Br

⁷⁰Br

⁷¹Br

⁷²Br

⁷³Br

⁷⁴Br

⁷⁵Br

⁷⁶Br

⁷⁷Br

⁷⁸Br

⁷⁹Br

⁸⁰Br

⁸¹Br

⁸²Br

⁸³Br

⁸⁴Br

⁸⁵Br

⁸⁶Br

⁸⁷Br

⁸⁸Br

⁸⁹Br

⁹⁰Br

⁹¹Br

⁹²Br

⁹³Br

⁹⁴Br

⁹⁵Br

⁹⁶Br

⁹⁷Br

⁹⁸Br