Bromin, ²Brom (Br)

chemical element with symbol Br and atomic number 35

Atomic Number	35
Atomic Weight	79.904
Nombor jisim	79

Group	17
Period	4
Block	p

proton	35 p⁺
neutron	44 n⁰
Elektron	35 e^-

Animated Model Bohr of Br (Bromin, ²Brom)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	115 pm 219 pm
molar volume	23.5 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen	114 pm 109 pm 110 pm 119 pm 120 pm
Metallic Radius	117 pm
ionic radius	196 pm 59 pm 31 pm 25 pm 39 pm
Crystal Radius	182 pm 73 pm 45 pm 39 pm 53 pm
Jejari van der Waals	190 pm 183 pm 395 pm 185 pm 222 pm 187 pm 418.9 pm
ketumpatan	3.1028 g/cm³ 3,120 kg/m³

Sifat Kimia

{ERROR}

tenaga

proton affinity	554.4 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron	3.3635882 eV/particle
ionization energy	11.81381 eV/particle 21.591 eV/particle 35 eV/particle 47.78 eV/particle 59.595 eV/particle 85.1 eV/particle 103 eV/particle 192.61 eV/particle 224 eV/particle 261 eV/particle 301 eV/particle 338 eV/particle 393 eV/particle 436 eV/particle 481 eV/particle 530 eV/particle 577 eV/particle 716.3 eV/particle 760.99 eV/particle 809.8 eV/particle 870 eV/particle 920.8 eV/particle 963 eV/particle 1,070.6 eV/particle 1,119.169 eV/particle 2,731 eV/particle 2,870 eV/particle 3,020 eV/particle 3,169 eV/particle 3,361 eV/particle 3,523.1 eV/particle 3,735 eV/particle 3,868.986 eV/particle 16,317.01 eV/particle 16,937.126 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	29.56 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	10.57 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	111.85 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 8, 18, 7

Elektron valens	7 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵

Keadaan pengoksidaan	-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
Keelektronegatifan	15.88 eV/particle 0.2412578 2.96
Electrophilicity Index	3.4075054710599915 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	331.95 K
Melting Point	265.95 K
critical pressure	10.34 MPa
critical temperature	588.15 K
triple point	265.9 K 5.879 kPa
rupa
warna	Black #a52a2a #a62929 #a62929
rupa
indeks biasan	1.001132
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity	0.005 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity	75.69 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.474 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Insulator
Kekonduksian elektrik	0.0000000000000001 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik	10,000,000,000 Ω*m
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000049 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.000000000783 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000153
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	6.67 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal	1.9 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
Kelajuan bunyi
pengelasan
Category	Actinides, Halogens
CAS Group	VIIB
IUPAC Group	VIIA
Glawe Number	100
Mendeleev Number	108
Pettifor Number	98
Geochemical Class	semi-volatile
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	531.2 kJ/mol
polarizability	21 ± 1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	162 a₀ 187 a₀
allotrope	Dibromine
Neutron cross section	6.8
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.002
Nombor kuantum	2P3/2
space group	64 (Cmca)

Isotopes of Bromine

Stable Isotopes	2
Unstable Isotopes	32
Natural Isotopes	2

⁶⁵Br

Nombor jisim	65
nombor neutron	30
Jisim Atom Relatif	64.982297 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

⁶⁶Br

Nombor jisim	66
nombor neutron	31
Jisim Atom Relatif	65.974697 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

⁶⁷Br

Nombor jisim	67
nombor neutron	32
Jisim Atom Relatif	66.965078 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

⁶⁸Br

Nombor jisim	68
nombor neutron	33
Jisim Atom Relatif	67.958356 ± 0.000278 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1995
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

⁶⁹Br

Nombor jisim	69
nombor neutron	34
Jisim Atom Relatif	68.95033841 ± 0.000045091 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1988
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)	100%

⁷⁰Br

Nombor jisim	70
nombor neutron	35
Jisim Atom Relatif	69.944792321 ± 0.000016 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	78.8 ± 0.3 ms
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1978
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁷¹Br

Nombor jisim	71
nombor neutron	36
Jisim Atom Relatif	70.939342153 ± 0.000005799 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	21.4 ± 0.6 s
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1981
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷²Br

Nombor jisim	72
nombor neutron	37
Jisim Atom Relatif	71.936594606 ± 0.0000011 Da
g-factor	0.6 ± 0.1
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	78.6 ± 2.4 s
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1970
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷³Br

Nombor jisim	73
nombor neutron	38
Jisim Atom Relatif	72.931673441 ± 0.000007237 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	3.4 ± 0.2 m
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1970
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁴Br

Nombor jisim	74
nombor neutron	39
Jisim Atom Relatif	73.929910279 ± 0.000006264 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	25.4 ± 0.3 m
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1952
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁵Br

Nombor jisim	75
nombor neutron	40
Jisim Atom Relatif	74.925810566 ± 0.0000046 Da
g-factor	0.50666666666667 ± 0.12
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	96.7 ± 1.3 m
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁶Br

Nombor jisim	76
nombor neutron	41
Jisim Atom Relatif	75.924541574 ± 0.000010007 Da
g-factor	0.5477 ± 0.0001
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	16.2 ± 0.2 h
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.251 ± 0.004
tarikh penemuan	1952
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁷Br

Nombor jisim	77
nombor neutron	42
Jisim Atom Relatif	76.921379193 ± 0.000003017 Da
g-factor	0.64873333333333 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	57.04 ± 0.12 h
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.5 ± 0.02
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁸Br

Nombor jisim	78
nombor neutron	43
Jisim Atom Relatif	77.921145858 ± 0.000003842 Da
g-factor	0.13 ± 0.03
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	6.45 ± 0.04 m
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1937
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	0.01%

⁷⁹Br

Nombor jisim	79
nombor neutron	44
Jisim Atom Relatif	78.918337574 ± 0.000001074 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	50.65 ± 0.09
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.3087 ± 0.0002
tarikh penemuan	1920
parity	-

⁸⁰Br

Nombor jisim	80
nombor neutron	45
Jisim Atom Relatif	79.918529784 ± 0.000001065 Da
g-factor	0.5135 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	17.68 ± 0.02 m
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.182 ± 0.003
tarikh penemuan	1937
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	91.7%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	8.3%

⁸¹Br

Nombor jisim	81
nombor neutron	46
Jisim Atom Relatif	80.916288197 ± 0.000001049 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	49.35 ± 0.09
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1920
parity	-

⁸²Br

Nombor jisim	82
nombor neutron	47
Jisim Atom Relatif	81.916801752 ± 0.000001042 Da
g-factor	0.32512 ± 0.00012
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	35.282 ± 0.007 h
Spin	5
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.697 ± 0.01
tarikh penemuan	1937
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸³Br

Nombor jisim	83
nombor neutron	48
Jisim Atom Relatif	82.915175285 ± 0.000004073 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.374 ± 0.004 h
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1937
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁴Br

Nombor jisim	84
nombor neutron	49
Jisim Atom Relatif	83.916496417 ± 0.000027622 Da
g-factor	0.95 ± 0.35
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	31.76 ± 0.08 m
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1943
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁵Br

Nombor jisim	85
nombor neutron	50
Jisim Atom Relatif	84.915645758 ± 0.000003304 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.9 ± 0.06 m
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1943
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁶Br

Nombor jisim	86
nombor neutron	51
Jisim Atom Relatif	85.918805432 ± 0.000003304 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	55.1 ± 0.4 s
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1962
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁷Br

Nombor jisim	87
nombor neutron	52
Jisim Atom Relatif	86.920674016 ± 0.000003404 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	55.68 ± 0.12 s
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1943
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.6%

⁸⁸Br

Nombor jisim	88
nombor neutron	53
Jisim Atom Relatif	87.92408329 ± 0.000003404 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	16.34 ± 0.08 s
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.58%

⁸⁹Br

Nombor jisim	89
nombor neutron	54
Jisim Atom Relatif	88.926704558 ± 0.000003504 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	4.357 ± 0.022 s
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1959
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	13.8%

⁹⁰Br

Nombor jisim	90
nombor neutron	55
Jisim Atom Relatif	89.931292848 ± 0.000003604 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.91 ± 0.01 s
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1959
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	25.3%

⁹¹Br

Nombor jisim	91
nombor neutron	56
Jisim Atom Relatif	90.934398617 ± 0.000003804 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	543 ± 4 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1974
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	29.5%

⁹²Br

Nombor jisim	92
nombor neutron	57
Jisim Atom Relatif	91.939631595 ± 0.000007202 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	314 ± 16 ms
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1974
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	33.1%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹³Br

Nombor jisim	93
nombor neutron	58
Jisim Atom Relatif	92.94322 ± 0.0004625 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	152 ± 8 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1981
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	64%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁴Br

Nombor jisim	94
nombor neutron	59
Jisim Atom Relatif	93.948846 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	70 ± 20 ms
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1981
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	68%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁵Br

Nombor jisim	95
nombor neutron	60
Jisim Atom Relatif	94.952925 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1997
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁶Br

Nombor jisim	96
nombor neutron	61
Jisim Atom Relatif	95.95898 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1997
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁷Br

Nombor jisim	97
nombor neutron	62
Jisim Atom Relatif	96.963499 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1997
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁹⁸Br

Nombor jisim	98
nombor neutron	63
Jisim Atom Relatif	97.969887 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2010
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	Antoine J. Balard
tempat penemuan	France
tarikh penemuan	1826
Etimologi	Greek: brômos (stench).
sebutan	BRO-meen (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	2.4 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)	67.3 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)	0.00029 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0.00012 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
Abundance in Universe	0.0000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.7529
2	p	3.9436
2	s	9.3566
3	d	15.4409
3	p	15.4292
3	s	14.7815
4	p	25.972
4	s	24.4472

Bromin, ²Brom on ChemicalAid

Bromin, ²Brom (Br)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Bromine

65Br

66Br

67Br

68Br

69Br

70Br

71Br

72Br

73Br

74Br

75Br

76Br

77Br

78Br

79Br

80Br

81Br

82Br

83Br

84Br

85Br

86Br

87Br

88Br

89Br

90Br

91Br

92Br

93Br

94Br

95Br

96Br

97Br

98Br

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁶⁵Br

⁶⁶Br

⁶⁷Br

⁶⁸Br

⁶⁹Br

⁷⁰Br

⁷¹Br

⁷²Br

⁷³Br

⁷⁴Br

⁷⁵Br

⁷⁶Br

⁷⁷Br

⁷⁸Br

⁷⁹Br

⁸⁰Br

⁸¹Br

⁸²Br

⁸³Br

⁸⁴Br

⁸⁵Br

⁸⁶Br

⁸⁷Br

⁸⁸Br

⁸⁹Br

⁹⁰Br

⁹¹Br

⁹²Br

⁹³Br

⁹⁴Br

⁹⁵Br

⁹⁶Br

⁹⁷Br

⁹⁸Br