Brom (Br)

grundämne

Atomnummer	35
Atommassa	79.904
masstal	79

Grupp	17
Period	4
Block	p

Protoner	35 p⁺
Neutroner	44 n⁰
Electrons	35 e^-

Egenskaper

energi
atomradie	115 pm 219 pm
molvolym	23,5 cm³/mol
kovalent radie	114 pm 109 pm 110 pm 119 pm 120 pm
Metallic Radius	117 pm
ionic radius	196 pm 59 pm 31 pm 25 pm 39 pm
Crystal Radius	182 pm 73 pm 45 pm 39 pm 53 pm
Van der Waalsradie	190 pm 183 pm 395 pm 185 pm 222 pm 187 pm 418,9 pm
densitet	3,1028 g/cm³ 3 120 kg/m³
proton affinity	554,4 kJ/mol
Elektronaffinitet	3,3635882 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi	11,81381 eV/particle 21,591 eV/particle 35 eV/particle 47,78 eV/particle 59,595 eV/particle 85,1 eV/particle 103 eV/particle 192,61 eV/particle 224 eV/particle 261 eV/particle 301 eV/particle 338 eV/particle 393 eV/particle 436 eV/particle 481 eV/particle 530 eV/particle 577 eV/particle 716,3 eV/particle 760,99 eV/particle 809,8 eV/particle 870 eV/particle 920,8 eV/particle 963 eV/particle 1 070,6 eV/particle 1 119,169 eV/particle 2 731 eV/particle 2 870 eV/particle 3 020 eV/particle 3 169 eV/particle 3 361 eV/particle 3 523,1 eV/particle 3 735 eV/particle 3 868,986 eV/particle 16 317,01 eV/particle 16 937,126 eV/particle

ångbildningsvärme	29,56 kJ/mol
smältvärme	10,57 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi	111,85 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell	2, 8, 18, 7

valenselektron	7

elektronkonfiguration	[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵

oxidationstal	-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
elektronegativitet	15,88 eV/particle 0.2412578 2.96
Electrophilicity	3,4075054710599915 eV/particle
Phases
aggregationstillstånd	Flytande
Gas Phase
Kokpunkt	331,95 K
Smältpunkt	265,95 K
critical pressure	10,34 MPa
critical temperature	588,15 K
trippelpunkt	265,9 K 5,879 kPa
Visual
färg	Röd #a52a2a #a62929 #a62929
appearance
Brytningsindex	1,001132
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga	0,005 W/(m K)
termisk expansion
molar heat capacity	75,69 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet	0,474 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Insulator
elektrisk konduktivitet	0,0000000000000001 MS/m
resistivitet	10 000 000 000 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
type	diamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)	−0,0000000049 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)	−0,000000000783 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)	−0,0000153
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
Kristallstruktur	Bascentrerat ortorombiskt (ORC)
Gitterkonstant	6,67 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
Kompressibilitet	1,9 GPa
skjuvmodul
Young's modulus
Poissons konstant
ljudhastighet
klassificering
Kategori	Halogener, Halogens
CAS Group	VIIB
IUPAC Group	VIIA
Glawe Number	100
Mendeleev Number	108
Pettifor Number	98
Geochemical Class	semi-volatile
Goldschmidt classification	litophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity	531,2 kJ/mol
Dipole Polarizability	21 ± 1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	162 a₀ 187 a₀
Allotropes	Dibromine
Träffyta	6,8
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,002
kvanttal	2P3/2
rymdgrupp	64 (Cmca)

Bromisotoper

Stabila isotoper	2
Instabila isotoper	32
Radioactive Isotopes	28

⁶⁵Br

natural abundance
relative atomic mass	64,982297 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal	65
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	-

⁶⁵Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)	%

⁶⁶Br

natural abundance
relative atomic mass	65,974697 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal	66
g-factor	0
Halveringstid
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	+

⁶⁶Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)	%

⁶⁷Br

natural abundance
relative atomic mass	66,965078 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal	67
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum
Paritet	-

⁶⁷Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)	%

⁶⁸Br

natural abundance
relative atomic mass	67,958356 ± 0,000278 Da
masstal	68
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1995
Paritet	+

⁶⁸Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)	%

⁶⁹Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	68,95033841 ± 0,000045091 Da
masstal	69
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1988
Paritet	-

⁶⁹Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
p (proton emission)	100%

⁷⁰Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	69,944792321 ± 0,000016 Da
masstal	70
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	78,8 ± 0,3 ms
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1978
Paritet	+

⁷⁰Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	%

⁷¹Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	70,939342153 ± 0,000005799 Da
masstal	71
g-factor
Halveringstid	21,4 ± 0,6 s
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1981
Paritet

⁷¹Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷²Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	71,936594606 ± 0,0000011 Da
masstal	72
g-factor	0,6 ± 0,1
Halveringstid	78,6 ± 2,4 s
Spinn	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1970
Paritet	+

⁷²Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷³Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	72,931673441 ± 0,000007237 Da
masstal	73
g-factor
Halveringstid	3,4 ± 0,2 m
Spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1970
Paritet	-

⁷³Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁴Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	73,929910279 ± 0,000006264 Da
masstal	74
g-factor	0
Halveringstid	25,4 ± 0,3 m
Spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
upptäcktsdatum	1952
Paritet	-

⁷⁴Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁵Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	74,925810566 ± 0,0000046 Da
masstal	75
g-factor	0,50666666666667 ± 0,12
Halveringstid	96,7 ± 1,3 m
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1948
Paritet	-

⁷⁵Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁶Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	75,924541574 ± 0,000010007 Da
masstal	76
g-factor	0,5477 ± 0,0001
Halveringstid	16,2 ± 0,2 h
Spinn	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,251 ± 0,004
upptäcktsdatum	1952
Paritet	-

⁷⁶Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁷Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	76,921379193 ± 0,000003017 Da
masstal	77
g-factor	0,64873333333333 ± 0,0004
Halveringstid	57,04 ± 0,12 h
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,5 ± 0,02
upptäcktsdatum	1948
Paritet	-

⁷⁷Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁷⁸Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	77,921145858 ± 0,000003842 Da
masstal	78
g-factor	0,13 ± 0,03
Halveringstid	6,45 ± 0,04 m
Spinn	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1937
Paritet	+

⁷⁸Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	0.01%

⁷⁹Br

natural abundance	50,65 ± 0,09
relative atomic mass	78,918337574 ± 0,000001074 Da
masstal	79
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,3087 ± 0,0002
upptäcktsdatum	1920
Paritet	-

⁸⁰Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	79,918529784 ± 0,000001065 Da
masstal	80
g-factor	0,5135 ± 0,0006
Halveringstid	17,68 ± 0,02 m
Spinn	1
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,182 ± 0,003
upptäcktsdatum	1937
Paritet	+

⁸⁰Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	91.7%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	8.3%

⁸¹Br

natural abundance	49,35 ± 0,09
relative atomic mass	80,916288197 ± 0,000001049 Da
masstal	81
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1920
Paritet	-

⁸²Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	81,916801752 ± 0,000001042 Da
masstal	82
g-factor	0,32512 ± 0,00012
Halveringstid	35,282 ± 0,007 h
Spinn	5
nuclear quadrupole moment	0,697 ± 0,01
upptäcktsdatum	1937
Paritet	-

⁸²Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸³Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	82,915175285 ± 0,000004073 Da
masstal	83
g-factor
Halveringstid	2,374 ± 0,004 h
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1937
Paritet	-

⁸³Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁴Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	83,916496417 ± 0,000027622 Da
masstal	84
g-factor	0,95 ± 0,35
Halveringstid	31,76 ± 0,08 m
Spinn	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1943
Paritet	-

⁸⁴Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁵Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	84,915645758 ± 0,000003304 Da
masstal	85
g-factor
Halveringstid	2,9 ± 0,06 m
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1943
Paritet	-

⁸⁵Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁶Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	85,918805432 ± 0,000003304 Da
masstal	86
g-factor
Halveringstid	55,1 ± 0,4 s
Spinn	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1962
Paritet	-

⁸⁶Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁸⁷Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	86,920674016 ± 0,000003404 Da
masstal	87
g-factor
Halveringstid	55,68 ± 0,12 s
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1943
Paritet	-

⁸⁷Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.6%

⁸⁸Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	87,92408329 ± 0,000003404 Da
masstal	88
g-factor
Halveringstid	16,34 ± 0,08 s
Spinn	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1948
Paritet	-

⁸⁸Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	6.58%

⁸⁹Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	88,926704558 ± 0,000003504 Da
masstal	89
g-factor
Halveringstid	4,357 ± 0,022 s
Spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1959
Paritet	-

⁸⁹Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	13.8%

⁹⁰Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	89,931292848 ± 0,000003604 Da
masstal	90
g-factor
Halveringstid	1,91 ± 0,01 s
Spinn
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1959
Paritet

⁹⁰Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	25.3%

⁹¹Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	90,934398617 ± 0,000003804 Da
masstal	91
g-factor
Halveringstid	543 ± 4 ms
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1974
Paritet	-

⁹¹Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	29.5%

⁹²Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	91,939631595 ± 0,000007202 Da
masstal	92
g-factor
Halveringstid	314 ± 16 ms
Spinn	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1974
Paritet	-

⁹²Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	33.1%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

⁹³Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	92,94322 ± 0,0004625 Da
masstal	93
g-factor
Halveringstid	152 ± 8 ms
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1981
Paritet	-

⁹³Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	64%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

⁹⁴Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	93,948846 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal	94
g-factor
Halveringstid	70 ± 20 ms
Spinn	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1981
Paritet	-

⁹⁴Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	68%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

⁹⁵Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	94,952925 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal	95
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1997
Paritet	-

⁹⁵Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

⁹⁶Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	95,95898 ± 0,000322 Da
masstal	96
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1997
Paritet

⁹⁶Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

⁹⁷Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	96,963499 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal	97
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	1997
Paritet	-

⁹⁷Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

⁹⁸Br

natural abundance	Radioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass	97,969887 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal	98
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum	2010
Paritet

⁹⁸Br Decay Modes

decay mode	Intensitet
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	%
2n (2-neutron emission)	%

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnare	Antoine J. Balard
fyndplats	France
upptäcktsdatum	1826
etymologi	Greek: brômos (stench).
uttal	BRO-meen (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust	2,4 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans	67,3 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body	0,00029 %
Abundance in Meteor	0,00012 %
Abundance in Sun
Abundance in Universe	0,0000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.7529
2	p	3.9436
2	s	9.3566
3	d	15.4409
3	p	15.4292
3	s	14.7815
4	p	25.972
4	s	24.4472

Brom on ChemicalAid

AGROVOC-ID	c_1106
ALLFO-ID	7981
Art & Architecture Thesaurus-ID	300389668
Australian Educational Vocabulary-ID	scot/2843
BNCF	31087
BNF-ID	12166058m
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie-ID	brom
CAS-nummer	7726-95-6
ChEBI-ID	33117
Den Store Danske-ID	brom
Enciclopedia Treccani	bromo
Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID	science/bromine
Encyclopædia Universalis-ID	brome
Freebase-ID	/m/025svll
Hrvatska enciklopedija-ID	9679
Human Metabolome Database ID	HMDB0031434
Internetowa encyklopedia PWN-ID	3880864
J9U-ID	987007292426505171
KBpedia-ID	Bromine
MeSH-ID	D001966
NDL-ID	00572452
NKC-ID	ph543046
Namuwiki-ID	브로민
OmegaWiki Definierad Betydelse	434
OpenAlex-ID	C517835270
PSH-ID	5813
Stora ryska encyklopedin-ID	1884358
Store medisinske leksikon-ID	brom
Store norske leksikon-ID	brom
Vikidia-ID (franska)	Brome
Vikidia-ID (spanska)	Bromo
artikel i encyklopedin Krugosvet	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/BROM.html
id-nummer i Deutsche Nationalbibliotheks katalog	4146635-4
id-nummer i USA:s kongressbiblioteks katalog	sh85017053
synset-ID på WordNet 3.1	14656307-n
ämnes-ID på Quora	Bromine

Brom (Br)

Egenskaper

Bromisotoper

65Br

65Br Decay Modes

66Br

66Br Decay Modes

67Br

67Br Decay Modes

68Br

68Br Decay Modes

69Br

69Br Decay Modes

70Br

70Br Decay Modes

71Br

71Br Decay Modes

72Br

72Br Decay Modes

73Br

73Br Decay Modes

74Br

74Br Decay Modes

75Br

75Br Decay Modes

76Br

76Br Decay Modes

77Br

77Br Decay Modes

78Br

78Br Decay Modes

79Br

80Br

80Br Decay Modes

81Br

82Br

82Br Decay Modes

83Br

83Br Decay Modes

84Br

84Br Decay Modes

85Br

85Br Decay Modes

86Br

86Br Decay Modes

87Br

87Br Decay Modes

88Br

88Br Decay Modes

89Br

89Br Decay Modes

90Br

90Br Decay Modes

91Br

91Br Decay Modes

92Br

92Br Decay Modes

93Br

93Br Decay Modes

94Br

94Br Decay Modes

95Br

95Br Decay Modes

96Br

96Br Decay Modes

97Br

97Br Decay Modes

98Br

98Br Decay Modes

historia

Sources

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁶⁵Br

⁶⁵Br Decay Modes

⁶⁶Br

⁶⁶Br Decay Modes

⁶⁷Br

⁶⁷Br Decay Modes

⁶⁸Br

⁶⁸Br Decay Modes

⁶⁹Br

⁶⁹Br Decay Modes

⁷⁰Br

⁷⁰Br Decay Modes

⁷¹Br

⁷¹Br Decay Modes

⁷²Br

⁷²Br Decay Modes

⁷³Br

⁷³Br Decay Modes

⁷⁴Br

⁷⁴Br Decay Modes

⁷⁵Br

⁷⁵Br Decay Modes

⁷⁶Br

⁷⁶Br Decay Modes

⁷⁷Br

⁷⁷Br Decay Modes

⁷⁸Br

⁷⁸Br Decay Modes

⁷⁹Br

⁸⁰Br

⁸⁰Br Decay Modes

⁸¹Br

⁸²Br

⁸²Br Decay Modes

⁸³Br

⁸³Br Decay Modes

⁸⁴Br

⁸⁴Br Decay Modes

⁸⁵Br

⁸⁵Br Decay Modes

⁸⁶Br

⁸⁶Br Decay Modes

⁸⁷Br

⁸⁷Br Decay Modes

⁸⁸Br

⁸⁸Br Decay Modes

⁸⁹Br

⁸⁹Br Decay Modes

⁹⁰Br

⁹⁰Br Decay Modes

⁹¹Br

⁹¹Br Decay Modes

⁹²Br

⁹²Br Decay Modes

⁹³Br

⁹³Br Decay Modes

⁹⁴Br

⁹⁴Br Decay Modes

⁹⁵Br

⁹⁵Br Decay Modes

⁹⁶Br

⁹⁶Br Decay Modes

⁹⁷Br

⁹⁷Br Decay Modes

⁹⁸Br

⁹⁸Br Decay Modes