Bromi

Bromi (Br)

chemical element with symbol Br and atomic number 35
Atomic Number35
Atomic Weight79.904
mass number79
Group17
Period4
Blockp
protoni35 p+
nyutroni44 n0
elektroni35 e-
Animated Bohr model of Br (Bromi)

Physical Property

Atomic Radius
115 pm
molar volume
Covalent Radius
114 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
196 pm
Crystal Radius
182 pm
Van der Waals radius
185 pm
msongamano
3.1028 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Bromi020406080100120140160180200pmAtomic RadiusCovalent RadiusMetallic RadiusVan der Waals radius

Chemical Property

nishati
proton affinity
554.4 kJ/mol
electron affinity
3.3635882 eV/particle
ionization energy
11.81381 eV/particle
ionization energy of Br (Bromi)
enthalpy of vaporization
29.56 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion
10.57 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
111.85 kJ/mol
elektroni
Mzingo elektroni2, 8, 18, 7
Bohr model: Br (Bromi)
valence electron7
Lewis structure: Br (Bromi)
electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p5
Enhanced Bohr model of Br (Bromi)
Orbital Diagram of Br (Bromi)
oxidation number-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
electronegativity
2.96
Electrophilicity Index
3.4075054710599915 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter
phase of matterLiquid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
331.95 K
Melting Point
265.95 K
critical pressure
10.34 MPa
critical temperature
588.15 K
Kiwango utatu
265.9 K
5.879 kPa
appearance
Rangi
Red
appearance
refractive index
1.001132
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
0.005 W/(m K)
thermal expansion
molar heat capacity
75.69 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.474 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeInsulator
electrical conductivity
0.0000000000000001 MS/m
electrical resistivity
10,000,000,000 m Ω
superconductivity
Uga sumaku
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0.0000000049 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0.000000000783 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0.0000153
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal StructureBase Centered Orthorhombic (ORC)
lattice constant
6.67 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
bulk modulus
1.9 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Poisson's ratio
speed of sound
classification
CategoryHalogens, Halogens
CAS GroupVIIB
IUPAC GroupVIIA
Glawe Number100
Mendeleev Number108
Pettifor Number98
Geochemical Classsemi-volatile
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
531.2 kJ/mol
polarizability
21 ± 1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
162 a₀
allotropeDibromine
Neutron cross section
6.8
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.002
quantum number2P3/2
space group64 (Cmca)

Isotopes of Bromine

Stable Isotopes2
Unstable Isotopes32
Natural Isotopes2
Isotopic Composition7950.65%7950.65%8149.35%8149.35%

65Br

mass number65
neutron number30
relative atomic mass
64.982297 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

66Br

mass number66
neutron number31
relative atomic mass
65.974697 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

67Br

mass number67
neutron number32
relative atomic mass
66.965078 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

68Br

mass number68
neutron number33
relative atomic mass
67.958356 ± 0.000278 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1995
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)

69Br

mass number69
neutron number34
relative atomic mass
68.95033841 ± 0.000045091 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1988
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
p (proton emission)100%

70Br

mass number70
neutron number35
relative atomic mass
69.944792321 ± 0.000016 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
78.8 ± 0.3 ms
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1978
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

71Br

mass number71
neutron number36
relative atomic mass
70.939342153 ± 0.000005799 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
21.4 ± 0.6 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1981
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

72Br

mass number72
neutron number37
relative atomic mass
71.936594606 ± 0.0000011 Da
g-factor
0.6 ± 0.1
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
78.6 ± 2.4 s
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1970
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

73Br

mass number73
neutron number38
relative atomic mass
72.931673441 ± 0.000007237 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
3.4 ± 0.2 m
spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1970
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

74Br

mass number74
neutron number39
relative atomic mass
73.929910279 ± 0.000006264 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
25.4 ± 0.3 m
spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
Uvumbuzi1952
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

75Br

mass number75
neutron number40
relative atomic mass
74.925810566 ± 0.0000046 Da
g-factor
0.50666666666667 ± 0.12
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
96.7 ± 1.3 m
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1948
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

76Br

mass number76
neutron number41
relative atomic mass
75.924541574 ± 0.000010007 Da
g-factor
0.5477 ± 0.0001
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
16.2 ± 0.2 h
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.251 ± 0.004
Uvumbuzi1952
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

77Br

mass number77
neutron number42
relative atomic mass
76.921379193 ± 0.000003017 Da
g-factor
0.64873333333333 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
57.04 ± 0.12 h
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.5 ± 0.02
Uvumbuzi1948
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

78Br

mass number78
neutron number43
relative atomic mass
77.921145858 ± 0.000003842 Da
g-factor
0.13 ± 0.03
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
6.45 ± 0.04 m
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1937
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β (β decay)0.01%

79Br

mass number79
neutron number44
relative atomic mass
78.918337574 ± 0.000001074 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
50.65 ± 0.09
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.3087 ± 0.0002
Uvumbuzi1920
parity-

80Br

mass number80
neutron number45
relative atomic mass
79.918529784 ± 0.000001065 Da
g-factor
0.5135 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
17.68 ± 0.02 m
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.182 ± 0.003
Uvumbuzi1937
parity+

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)91.7%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)8.3%

81Br

mass number81
neutron number46
relative atomic mass
80.916288197 ± 0.000001049 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
49.35 ± 0.09
Unururifustable isotope
NusumaishaNot Radioactive ☢️
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1920
parity-

82Br

mass number82
neutron number47
relative atomic mass
81.916801752 ± 0.000001042 Da
g-factor
0.32512 ± 0.00012
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
35.282 ± 0.007 h
spin5
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.697 ± 0.01
Uvumbuzi1937
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

83Br

mass number83
neutron number48
relative atomic mass
82.915175285 ± 0.000004073 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
2.374 ± 0.004 h
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1937
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

84Br

mass number84
neutron number49
relative atomic mass
83.916496417 ± 0.000027622 Da
g-factor
0.95 ± 0.35
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
31.76 ± 0.08 m
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1943
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

85Br

mass number85
neutron number50
relative atomic mass
84.915645758 ± 0.000003304 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
2.9 ± 0.06 m
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1943
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

86Br

mass number86
neutron number51
relative atomic mass
85.918805432 ± 0.000003304 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
55.1 ± 0.4 s
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1962
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%

87Br

mass number87
neutron number52
relative atomic mass
86.920674016 ± 0.000003404 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
55.68 ± 0.12 s
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1943
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)2.6%

88Br

mass number88
neutron number53
relative atomic mass
87.92408329 ± 0.000003404 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
16.34 ± 0.08 s
spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1948
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)6.58%

89Br

mass number89
neutron number54
relative atomic mass
88.926704558 ± 0.000003504 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
4.357 ± 0.022 s
spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1959
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)13.8%

90Br

mass number90
neutron number55
relative atomic mass
89.931292848 ± 0.000003604 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
1.91 ± 0.01 s
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1959
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)25.3%

91Br

mass number91
neutron number56
relative atomic mass
90.934398617 ± 0.000003804 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
543 ± 4 ms
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1974
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)29.5%

92Br

mass number92
neutron number57
relative atomic mass
91.939631595 ± 0.000007202 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
314 ± 16 ms
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1974
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)33.1%
2n (2-neutron emission)

93Br

mass number93
neutron number58
relative atomic mass
92.94322 ± 0.0004625 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
152 ± 8 ms
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1981
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)64%
2n (2-neutron emission)

94Br

mass number94
neutron number59
relative atomic mass
93.948846 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
70 ± 20 ms
spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1981
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)68%
2n (2-neutron emission)

95Br

mass number95
neutron number60
relative atomic mass
94.952925 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1997
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

96Br

mass number96
neutron number61
relative atomic mass
95.95898 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1997
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

97Br

mass number97
neutron number62
relative atomic mass
96.963499 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi1997
parity-

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

98Br

mass number98
neutron number63
relative atomic mass
97.969887 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Unururifu☢️ radioactive element
Nusumaisha
spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
Uvumbuzi2010
parity

hali ya kuozaintensity
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
Bromine vial in acrylic cube

historia

mgunduzi au mvumbuziAntoine J. Balard
location of discoveryFrance
Uvumbuzi1826
EtimolojiaGreek: brômos (stench).
pronunciationBRO-meen (Kiingereza)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
2.4 mg/kg
natural abundance (Bahari)
67.3 mg/L
natural abundance (Mwili)
0.00029 %
natural abundance (Kimondo)
0.00012 %
natural abundance (Jua)
Abundance in Universe
0.0000007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.7529
2p3.9436
2s9.3566
3d15.4409
3p15.4292
3s14.7815
4p25.972
4s24.4472