Calcium (Ca)

chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20

Atomic Number	20
Atomic Weight	40.078
mass number	40

Group	2
Period	4
Block	s

proton	20 p⁺
neutron	20 n⁰
electron	20 e^-

Physical Property

Atomic Radius	180 pm 270 pm
molar volume	29.9 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	171 pm 147 pm 133 pm 170 pm 176 pm
Metallic Radius	174 pm 197 pm
ionic radius	100 pm 106 pm 112 pm 118 pm 123 pm 134 pm
Crystal Radius	114 pm 120 pm 126 pm 132 pm 137 pm 148 pm
Van der Waals radius	240 pm 231 pm 281 pm 231 pm 339.9 pm
density	1.54 g/cm³ 1378 kg/m³

Chemical Property

energia

proton affinity
electron affinity	0.02455 eV/particle
ionization energy	6.1131552 eV/particle 11.871718 eV/particle 50.91315 eV/particle 67.2732 eV/particle 84.338 eV/particle 108.78 eV/particle 127.2 eV/particle 147.24 eV/particle 188.535 eV/particle 211.2751 eV/particle 591.6 eV/particle 658.24 eV/particle 728.6 eV/particle 817.22 eV/particle 893.98 eV/particle 973.7 eV/particle 1086.8 eV/particle 1157.726 eV/particle 5128.8576 eV/particle 5469.8614 eV/particle

enthalpy of vaporization	153.6 kJ/mol
enthalpy of fusion	9.2 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	177.8 kJ/mol
electron

Tegimen electronicum	2, 8, 8, 2

valence electron	2 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ar] 4s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²

oxidation number	1, 2
electronegativity	6.113 eV/particle 0.1154119 1
Electrophilicity Index	0.7734001442996138 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter	Solid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	1757.15 K
Melting Point	1115.15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Punctum triplex
appearance
Color	Silver #808090 #3dff00 #3dff00
appearance
refractive index
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity
thermal expansion	0.0000223 1/K
molar heat capacity	25.929 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.647 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	29 MS/m
electrical resistivity	0.00000003399999999999 Ω*m
Superconductrum
magnetism
type	paramagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	0.0000000138 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	0.0000000005531 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	0.00002139
magnetic ordering
Curie temperature
Néel temperature
structure
Crystal Structure	Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
lattice constant	5.58 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	167 MPa 1.75 MPa
bulk modulus	17 GPa
shear modulus	7.4 GPa
Young's modulus	20 GPa
Poisson's ratio	0.31
celeritas soni	3810 m/s
classificare
Category	Alkaline earth metals, Alkaline earth metals
CAS Group	IIA
IUPAC Group	IIA
Glawe Number	16
Mendeleev Number	7
Pettifor Number	16
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability	160.8 ± 4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	2163 a₀ 2230 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	0.43
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.00037
quantum number	1S0
space group	225 (Fm_3m)

Isotopes of Calcium

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	26
Natural Isotopes	6

³³Ca

mass number	33
neutron number	13
Relative Atomic Mass	33.033312 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

³⁴Ca

mass number	34
neutron number	14
Relative Atomic Mass	34.015985 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2p (2-proton emission)

³⁵Ca

mass number	35
neutron number	15
Relative Atomic Mass	35.005572 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	25.7 ± 0.2 ms
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1985
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	95.8%
2p (2-proton emission)	4.2%

³⁶Ca

mass number	36
neutron number	16
Relative Atomic Mass	35.993074388 ± 0.000042941 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	100.9 ± 1.3 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1977
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	51.2%

³⁷Ca

mass number	37
neutron number	17
Relative Atomic Mass	36.985897849 ± 0.00000068 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	181 ± 0.9 ms
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1964
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	76.8%

³⁸Ca

mass number	38
neutron number	18
Relative Atomic Mass	37.976319223 ± 0.000000208 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	443.7 ± 0.25 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1966
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³⁹Ca

mass number	39
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	38.970710811 ± 0.00000064 Da
g-factor	0.68093333333333 ± 0.00010666666666667
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	860.3 ± 0.8 ms
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.038 ± 0.003
repertus	1943
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴⁰Ca

mass number	40
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	39.96259085 ± 0.000000022 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	96.941 ± 0.156
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1922
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

⁴¹Ca

mass number	41
neutron number	21
Relative Atomic Mass	40.962277905 ± 0.000000147 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	99.4 ± 1.5 ky
Volubilitas	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.0665 ± 0.0018
repertus	1939
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁴²Ca

mass number	42
neutron number	22
Relative Atomic Mass	41.95861778 ± 0.000000159 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0.647 ± 0.023
radioactivitas	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1934
parity	+

⁴³Ca

mass number	43
neutron number	23
Relative Atomic Mass	42.958766381 ± 0.000000244 Da
g-factor	-0.37638 ± 0.000017142857142857
natural abundance	0.135 ± 0.01
radioactivitas	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Volubilitas	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.0408 ± 0.0008
repertus	1934
parity	-

⁴⁴Ca

mass number	44
neutron number	24
Relative Atomic Mass	43.955481489 ± 0.000000348 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	2.086 ± 0.11
radioactivitas	stable isotope
half-life	Not Radioactive ☢️
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1922
parity	+

⁴⁵Ca

mass number	45
neutron number	25
Relative Atomic Mass	44.95618627 ± 0.000000392 Da
g-factor	-0.37897142857143 ± 0.00037142857142857
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	162.61 ± 0.09 d
Volubilitas	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.038 ± 0.012
repertus	1940
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁶Ca

mass number	46
neutron number	26
Relative Atomic Mass	45.953687726 ± 0.000002398 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0.004 ± 0.003
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1938
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)

⁴⁷Ca

mass number	47
neutron number	27
Relative Atomic Mass	46.954541134 ± 0.000002384 Da
g-factor	-0.40182857142857 ± 0.00031428571428571
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	4.536 ± 0.003 d
Volubilitas	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.084 ± 0.006
repertus	1951
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁸Ca

mass number	48
neutron number	28
Relative Atomic Mass	47.952522654 ± 0.000000018 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0.187 ± 0.021
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	56 ± 10 Ey
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1938
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
2β⁻ (double β⁻ decay)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

⁴⁹Ca

mass number	49
neutron number	29
Relative Atomic Mass	48.955662625 ± 0.00000019 Da
g-factor	-0.91993333333333 ± 0.00053333333333333
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	8.718 ± 0.006 m
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.036 ± 0.003
repertus	1950
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵⁰Ca

mass number	50
neutron number	30
Relative Atomic Mass	49.957499215 ± 0.0000017 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	13.45 ± 0.05 s
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1964
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵¹Ca

mass number	51
neutron number	31
Relative Atomic Mass	50.960995663 ± 0.00000056 Da
g-factor	-0.69973333333333 ± 0.00073333333333333
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	10 ± 0.8 s
Volubilitas	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0.036 ± 0.012
repertus	1980
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁵²Ca

mass number	52
neutron number	32
Relative Atomic Mass	51.963213646 ± 0.00000072 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	4.6 ± 0.3 s
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1985
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2%

⁵³Ca

mass number	53
neutron number	33
Relative Atomic Mass	52.968451 ± 0.000047 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	461 ± 90 ms
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1983
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	40%

⁵⁴Ca

mass number	54
neutron number	34
Relative Atomic Mass	53.972989 ± 0.000052 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	90 ± 6 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1997
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁵Ca

mass number	55
neutron number	35
Relative Atomic Mass	54.979978 ± 0.000172 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	22 ± 2 ms
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	1997
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁶Ca

mass number	56
neutron number	36
Relative Atomic Mass	55.985496 ± 0.000268 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life	11 ± 2 ms
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	1997
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁷Ca

mass number	57
neutron number	37
Relative Atomic Mass	56.992958 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	2009
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁸Ca

mass number	58
neutron number	38
Relative Atomic Mass	57.998357 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	2009
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁹Ca

mass number	59
neutron number	39
Relative Atomic Mass	59.006237 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
repertus	2018
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶⁰Ca

mass number	60
neutron number	40
Relative Atomic Mass	60.011809 ± 0.000751 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus	2018
parity	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶¹Ca

mass number	61
neutron number	41
Relative Atomic Mass	61.020408 ± 0.000859 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioactivitas	☢️ radioactive element
half-life
Volubilitas	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
repertus
parity	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

historia

inventor	Sir Humphrey Davy
location of discovery	England
repertus	1808
Etymologia	Latin: calx, calcis (lime).
pronunciation	KAL-si-em (English)

source

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	41500 mg/kg
natural abundance (Oceanus)	412 mg/L
natural abundance (Corpus humanum)	1.4 %
natural abundance (Meteoroides)	1.1 %
natural abundance (Sol)	0.007 %
Abundance in Universe	0.007 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.527
2	p	3.9586
2	s	6.2236
3	p	11.3417
3	s	10.3985
4	s	15.602

Calcium on ChemicalAid

AGROVOC ID	c_1196
Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300264232
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3064
BNCF Thesaurus ID	8953
Basque Vikidia ID	Kaltzio
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	calcium-20
CAS Registry Number	7440-70-2
ChEBI ID	22984
ChemSpider ID	4573905
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID40876145
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID9050484
Den Store Danske ID	calcium
DrugBank ID	01373
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.344
Encyclopedia of China ID (Second Edition)	203125
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/calcium
Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID	science/calcium-ion
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	calcium
EuroVoc ID	5304
French Vikidia ID	Calcium
Golden ID	Calcium-JG5E
Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana ID	0087196
Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana ID	0013023
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	2037432
HSDB ID	273
ICSC ID	1192
InChI	InChI=1S/Ca
InChIKey	OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Calcium
KEGG ID	C00076
Krugosvet article	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/KALTSI.html
Latvian National Encyclopedia Online ID	139701
MeSH descriptor ID	D002118
NALT ID	6421
NDF-RT ID	N0000146031
NE.se ID	kalcium
Namuwiki ID	칼슘
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007293780405171
New York Times topic ID	subject/calcium
OmegaWiki Defined Meaning	471
OpenAlex ID	C2910173204
OpenAlex ID	C519063684
PSH ID	5752
PatientsLikeMe treatment ID	calcium
Probes And Drugs ID	PD051696
PubChem CID	5460341
Quora topic ID	Calcium
RxNorm ID	1895
Spanish Vikidia ID	Calcio
Store medisinske leksikon ID	kalsium
Store medisinske leksikon ID	kalsium_-_fysiologi
Store norske leksikon ID	kalsium
Treccani ID	calcio
UK Archival Thesaurus ID	f2/mt225/4347/702
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	8918
UMLS CUI	C0006675
UNESCO Thesaurus ID	concept4508
UNII	SY7Q814VUP
USGS Thesaurus ID	1418
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14656826-n
YSO ID	1852
ZVG number	8160
Zhihu topic ID	19668568
siglum BnF	11976285h
siglum Freebase	/m/025tkqy
siglum GND	4069806-3
siglum NDL	00565069
siglum NKCR	ph116664
siglum apud bibliothecam Congressús	sh85018768
siglum bibliothecae publicae Hispaniae	XX531346

Calcium (Ca)

Physical Property

Chemical Property

other

Isotopes of Calcium

33Ca

34Ca

35Ca

36Ca

37Ca

38Ca

39Ca

40Ca

41Ca

42Ca

43Ca

44Ca

45Ca

46Ca

47Ca

48Ca

49Ca

50Ca

51Ca

52Ca

53Ca

54Ca

55Ca

56Ca

57Ca

58Ca

59Ca

60Ca

61Ca

historia

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

³³Ca

³⁴Ca

³⁵Ca

³⁶Ca

³⁷Ca

³⁸Ca

³⁹Ca

⁴⁰Ca

⁴¹Ca

⁴²Ca

⁴³Ca

⁴⁴Ca

⁴⁵Ca

⁴⁶Ca

⁴⁷Ca

⁴⁸Ca

⁴⁹Ca

⁵⁰Ca

⁵¹Ca

⁵²Ca

⁵³Ca

⁵⁴Ca

⁵⁵Ca

⁵⁶Ca

⁵⁷Ca

⁵⁸Ca

⁵⁹Ca

⁶⁰Ca

⁶¹Ca