Klorin, ²Klor (Cl)

chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17

Atomic Number	17
Atomic Weight	35.45
Nombor jisim	35

Group	17
Period	3
Block	p

proton	17 p⁺
neutron	18 n⁰
Elektron	17 e^-

Animated Model Bohr of Cl (Klorin, ²Klor)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	100 pm 206 pm
molar volume	18.7 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen	99 pm 95 pm 93 pm 105 pm 102 pm
Metallic Radius	91 pm
ionic radius	181 pm 12 pm 8 pm 27 pm
Crystal Radius	167 pm 26 pm 22 pm 41 pm
Jejari van der Waals	180 pm 175 pm 395.03 pm 175 pm 207 pm 176 pm 394.7 pm
ketumpatan	0.002898 g/cm³

Sifat Kimia

{ERROR}

tenaga

proton affinity	513.6 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron	3.612725 eV/particle
ionization energy	12.96763 eV/particle 23.81364 eV/particle 39.8 eV/particle 53.24 eV/particle 67.68 eV/particle 96.94 eV/particle 114.2013 eV/particle 348.306 eV/particle 400.851 eV/particle 456.68 eV/particle 529.97 eV/particle 591.58 eV/particle 656.3 eV/particle 750.2 eV/particle 809.198 eV/particle 3,658.34362 eV/particle 3,946.2908 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	20.41 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	6.41 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	121.302 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 8, 7

Elektron valens	7 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[Ne] 3s² 3p⁵ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵

Keadaan pengoksidaan	-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Keelektronegatifan	16.97 eV/particle 0.263803 3.16
Electrophilicity Index	3.673315922583194 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim
gaseous state of matter	Diatomic
Boiling Point	239.11 K
Melting Point	171.65 K
critical pressure	7.991 MPa
critical temperature	417.05 K
triple point
rupa
warna	Black #00ff00 #1ff01f #38b538
rupa	pale yellow-green gas
indeks biasan	1.000773
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity	0.009 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity	33.949 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.479 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio	7/5
electrical properties
type	Insulator
Kekonduksian elektrik	0.00000001 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik	100 Ω*m
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.0000000072 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.000000000511 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.0000000231
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	6.24 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal	1.1 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
Kelajuan bunyi	206 m/s
pengelasan
Category	Actinides, Halogens
CAS Group	VIIB
IUPAC Group	VIIA
Glawe Number	101
Mendeleev Number	107
Pettifor Number	99
Geochemical Class	semi-volatile
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	490.1 kJ/mol
polarizability	14.6 ± 0.1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	94.6 a₀ 97.1 a₀
allotrope	Dichlorine
Neutron cross section	35.3
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.033
Nombor kuantum	2P3/2
space group	64 (Cmca)

Isotopes of Chlorine

Stable Isotopes	2
Unstable Isotopes	23
Natural Isotopes	2

²⁸Cl

Nombor jisim	28
nombor neutron	11
Jisim Atom Relatif	28.030349 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2018
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)	100%

²⁹Cl

Nombor jisim	29
nombor neutron	12
Jisim Atom Relatif	29.015053 ± 0.000203 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	5.4 ± 1.9 zs
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1993
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)	100%

³⁰Cl

Nombor jisim	30
nombor neutron	13
Jisim Atom Relatif	30.005018333 ± 0.000025631 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2018
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)	100%

³¹Cl

Nombor jisim	31
nombor neutron	14
Jisim Atom Relatif	30.992448097 ± 0.0000037 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	190 ± 1 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1977
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	2.4%

³²Cl

Nombor jisim	32
nombor neutron	15
Jisim Atom Relatif	31.985684605 ± 0.000000603 Da
g-factor	1.115 ± 0.006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	298 ± 1 ms
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1953
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)	0.054%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.026%

³³Cl

Nombor jisim	33
nombor neutron	16
Jisim Atom Relatif	32.977451988 ± 0.000000419 Da
g-factor	0.50313333333333 ± 0.0002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.5038 ± 0.0022 s
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1940
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³⁴Cl

Nombor jisim	34
nombor neutron	17
Jisim Atom Relatif	33.97376249 ± 0.000000052 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.5267 ± 0.0004 s
Spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1934
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

³⁵Cl

Nombor jisim	35
nombor neutron	18
Jisim Atom Relatif	34.968852694 ± 0.000000038 Da
g-factor	0.5478 ± 0.000013333333333333
natural abundance	75.8 ± 0.2
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.0817 ± 0.0008
tarikh penemuan	1919
parity	+

³⁶Cl

Nombor jisim	36
nombor neutron	19
Jisim Atom Relatif	35.968306822 ± 0.000000038 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	301.3 ± 1.5 ky
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.178 ± 0.004
tarikh penemuan	1941
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	98.1%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	1.9%

³⁷Cl

Nombor jisim	37
nombor neutron	20
Jisim Atom Relatif	36.965902573 ± 0.000000055 Da
g-factor	0.456 ± 0.0000066666666666667
natural abundance	24.2 ± 0.2
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.0644 ± 0.0006
tarikh penemuan	1919
parity	+

³⁸Cl

Nombor jisim	38
nombor neutron	21
Jisim Atom Relatif	37.968010408 ± 0.000000105 Da
g-factor	1.025 ± 0.01
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	37.23 ± 0.014 m
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1940
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

³⁹Cl

Nombor jisim	39
nombor neutron	22
Jisim Atom Relatif	38.968008151 ± 0.000001859 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	56.2 ± 0.6 m
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1949
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴⁰Cl

Nombor jisim	40
nombor neutron	23
Jisim Atom Relatif	39.970415466 ± 0.000034423 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.35 ± 0.03 m
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1956
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴¹Cl

Nombor jisim	41
nombor neutron	24
Jisim Atom Relatif	40.970684525 ± 0.000073777 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	38.4 ± 0.8 s
Spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁴²Cl

Nombor jisim	42
nombor neutron	25
Jisim Atom Relatif	41.973342 ± 0.000064 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	6.8 ± 0.3 s
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁴³Cl

Nombor jisim	43
nombor neutron	26
Jisim Atom Relatif	42.9740637 ± 0.000066407 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	3.13 ± 0.09 s
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1976
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁴⁴Cl

Nombor jisim	44
nombor neutron	27
Jisim Atom Relatif	43.978014918 ± 0.000091859 Da
g-factor	0.2749 ± 0.0002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	562 ± 106 ms
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	8%

⁴⁵Cl

Nombor jisim	45
nombor neutron	28
Jisim Atom Relatif	44.980394353 ± 0.000146177 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	413 ± 25 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1979
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	24%

⁴⁶Cl

Nombor jisim	46
nombor neutron	29
Jisim Atom Relatif	45.985254926 ± 0.0001044 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	232 ± 2 ms
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	60%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁷Cl

Nombor jisim	47
nombor neutron	30
Jisim Atom Relatif	46.989715 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	101 ± 5 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	3%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁸Cl

Nombor jisim	48
nombor neutron	31
Jisim Atom Relatif	47.995405 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁴⁹Cl

Nombor jisim	49
nombor neutron	32
Jisim Atom Relatif	49.000794 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1989
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵⁰Cl

Nombor jisim	50
nombor neutron	33
Jisim Atom Relatif	50.008266 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2009
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵¹Cl

Nombor jisim	51
nombor neutron	34
Jisim Atom Relatif	51.015341 ± 0.000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1990
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁵²Cl

Nombor jisim	52
nombor neutron	35
Jisim Atom Relatif	52.024004 ± 0.000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2018
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	Carl Wilhelm Scheele
tempat penemuan	Sweden
tarikh penemuan	1774
Etimologi	Greek: chlôros (greenish yellow).
sebutan	KLOR-een (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	145 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)	19,400 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)	0.12 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0.037 %
natural abundance (Matahari)	0.0008 %
Abundance in Universe	0.0001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.4761
2	p	4.0068
2	s	5.5696
3	p	10.8839
3	s	9.9317

Klorin, ²Klor on ChemicalAid

Klorin, ²Klor (Cl)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Chlorine

28Cl

29Cl

30Cl

31Cl

32Cl

33Cl

34Cl

35Cl

36Cl

37Cl

38Cl

39Cl

40Cl

41Cl

42Cl

43Cl

44Cl

45Cl

46Cl

47Cl

48Cl

49Cl

50Cl

51Cl

52Cl

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

²⁸Cl

²⁹Cl

³⁰Cl

³¹Cl

³²Cl

³³Cl

³⁴Cl

³⁵Cl

³⁶Cl

³⁷Cl

³⁸Cl

³⁹Cl

⁴⁰Cl

⁴¹Cl

⁴²Cl

⁴³Cl

⁴⁴Cl

⁴⁵Cl

⁴⁶Cl

⁴⁷Cl

⁴⁸Cl

⁴⁹Cl

⁵⁰Cl

⁵¹Cl

⁵²Cl