Klorin, ²Klor

Klorin, ²Klor (Cl)

chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17
Atomic Number17
Atomic Weight35.45
Nombor jisim35
Group17
Period3
Blockp
proton17 p+
neutron18 n0
Elektron17 e-
Animated Model Bohr of Cl (Klorin, ²Klor)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
100 pm
molar volume
18.7 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen
99 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
181 pm
Crystal Radius
167 pm
Jejari van der Waals
175 pm
ketumpatan
0.002898 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Klorin, ²Klor0153045607590105120135150165180pmJejari AtomJejari KovalenMetallic RadiusJejari van der Waals

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
513.6 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron
3.612725 eV/particle
ionization energy
12.96763 eV/particle
ionization energy of Cl (Klorin, ²Klor)
Entalpi pengewapan
20.41 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran
6.41 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
121.302 kJ/mol
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 8, 7
Model Bohr: Cl (Klorin, ²Klor)
Elektron valens7 ⓘ
Teori ion Lewis: Cl (Klorin, ²Klor)
tatarajah elektron[Ne] 3s2 3p5ⓘ
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
Enhanced Model Bohr of Cl (Klorin, ²Klor)
Orbital Diagram of Cl (Klorin, ²Klor)
Keadaan pengoksidaan-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Keelektronegatifan
3.16
Electrophilicity Index
3.673315922583194 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimGas
gaseous state of matterDiatomic
Boiling Point
239.11 K
Melting Point
171.65 K
critical pressure
7.991 MPa
critical temperature
417.05 K
triple point
rupa
warna
Yellow
rupapale yellow-green gas
indeks biasan
1.000773
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
0.009 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity
33.949 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.479 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio7/5
electrical properties
typeInsulator
Kekonduksian elektrik
0.00000001 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
100 m Ω
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0.0000000072 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0.000000000511 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0.0000000231
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureBase Centered Orthorhombic (ORC)
lattice constant
6.24 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal
1.1 GPa
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
Kelajuan bunyi
206 m/s
pengelasan
CategoryHalogens, Halogens
CAS GroupVIIB
IUPAC GroupVIIA
Glawe Number101
Mendeleev Number107
Pettifor Number99
Geochemical Classsemi-volatile
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
490.1 kJ/mol
polarizability
14.6 ± 0.1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
94.6 a₀
allotropeDichlorine
Neutron cross section
35.3
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.033
Nombor kuantum2P3/2
space group64 (Cmca)

Isotopes of Chlorine

Stable Isotopes2
Unstable Isotopes23
Natural Isotopes2
Isotopic Composition3575.80%3575.80%3724.20%3724.20%

28Cl

Nombor jisim28
nombor neutron11
jisim atom relatif
28.030349 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2018
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)100%

29Cl

Nombor jisim29
nombor neutron12
jisim atom relatif
29.015053 ± 0.000203 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
5.4 ± 1.9 zs
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1993
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)100%

30Cl

Nombor jisim30
nombor neutron13
jisim atom relatif
30.005018333 ± 0.000025631 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2018
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)100%

31Cl

Nombor jisim31
nombor neutron14
jisim atom relatif
30.992448097 ± 0.0000037 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
190 ± 1 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1977
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)2.4%

32Cl

Nombor jisim32
nombor neutron15
jisim atom relatif
31.985684605 ± 0.000000603 Da
g-factor
1.115 ± 0.006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
298 ± 1 ms
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1953
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)0.054%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.026%

33Cl

Nombor jisim33
nombor neutron16
jisim atom relatif
32.977451988 ± 0.000000419 Da
g-factor
0.50313333333333 ± 0.0002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.5038 ± 0.0022 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1940
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

34Cl

Nombor jisim34
nombor neutron17
jisim atom relatif
33.97376249 ± 0.000000052 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.5267 ± 0.0004 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1934
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

35Cl

Nombor jisim35
nombor neutron18
jisim atom relatif
34.968852694 ± 0.000000038 Da
g-factor
0.5478 ± 0.000013333333333333
natural abundance
75.8 ± 0.2
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.0817 ± 0.0008
tarikh penemuan1919
parity+

36Cl

Nombor jisim36
nombor neutron19
jisim atom relatif
35.968306822 ± 0.000000038 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
301.3 ± 1.5 ky
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.178 ± 0.004
tarikh penemuan1941
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)98.1%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)1.9%

37Cl

Nombor jisim37
nombor neutron20
jisim atom relatif
36.965902573 ± 0.000000055 Da
g-factor
0.456 ± 0.0000066666666666667
natural abundance
24.2 ± 0.2
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.0644 ± 0.0006
tarikh penemuan1919
parity+

38Cl

Nombor jisim38
nombor neutron21
jisim atom relatif
37.968010408 ± 0.000000105 Da
g-factor
1.025 ± 0.01
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
37.23 ± 0.014 m
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1940
parity-
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%

39Cl

Nombor jisim39
nombor neutron22
jisim atom relatif
38.968008151 ± 0.000001859 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
56.2 ± 0.6 m
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1949
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%

40Cl

Nombor jisim40
nombor neutron23
jisim atom relatif
39.970415466 ± 0.000034423 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.35 ± 0.03 m
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1956
parity-
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%

41Cl

Nombor jisim41
nombor neutron24
jisim atom relatif
40.970684525 ± 0.000073777 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
38.4 ± 0.8 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1971
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%

42Cl

Nombor jisim42
nombor neutron25
jisim atom relatif
41.973342 ± 0.000064 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6.8 ± 0.3 s
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1971
parity-
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)

43Cl

Nombor jisim43
nombor neutron26
jisim atom relatif
42.9740637 ± 0.000066407 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.13 ± 0.09 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1976
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)

44Cl

Nombor jisim44
nombor neutron27
jisim atom relatif
43.978014918 ± 0.000091859 Da
g-factor
0.2749 ± 0.0002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
562 ± 106 ms
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1979
parity-
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)8%

45Cl

Nombor jisim45
nombor neutron28
jisim atom relatif
44.980394353 ± 0.000146177 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
413 ± 25 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1979
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)24%

46Cl

Nombor jisim46
nombor neutron29
jisim atom relatif
45.985254926 ± 0.0001044 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
232 ± 2 ms
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1989
parity-
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)60%
2n (2-neutron emission)

47Cl

Nombor jisim47
nombor neutron30
jisim atom relatif
46.989715 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
101 ± 5 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1989
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)3%
2n (2-neutron emission)

48Cl

Nombor jisim48
nombor neutron31
jisim atom relatif
47.995405 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1989
parity
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

49Cl

Nombor jisim49
nombor neutron32
jisim atom relatif
49.000794 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1989
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

50Cl

Nombor jisim50
nombor neutron33
jisim atom relatif
50.008266 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2009
parity
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

51Cl

Nombor jisim51
nombor neutron34
jisim atom relatif
51.015341 ± 0.000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1990
parity+
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

52Cl

Nombor jisim52
nombor neutron35
jisim atom relatif
52.024004 ± 0.000751 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2018
parity
decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β− (β− decay)
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
Chlorine liquid in an ampoule

sejarah

penemu atau perekaCarl Wilhelm Scheele
tempat penemuanSweden
tarikh penemuan1774
EtimologiGreek: chlôros (greenish yellow).
sebutanKLOR-een (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
145 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)
19,400 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
0.12 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
0.037 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
0.0008 %
Abundance in Universe
0.0001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.4761
2p4.0068
2s5.5696
3p10.8839
3s9.9317
Klorin, ²Klor on ChemicalAid