Klor

Klor (Cl)

grundämne
Atomnummer17
Atommassa35.45
masstal35
Grupp17
Period3
Blockp
Protoner17 p+
Neutroner18 n0
Electrons17 e-
Animated Bohrs atommodell of Cl (Klor)

Egenskaper

atomradie
100 pm
molvolym
18,7 cm³/mol
kovalent radie
99 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
181 pm
Crystal Radius
167 pm
Van der Waalsradie
175 pm
densitet
0,002898 g/cm³
energi
proton affinity
513,6 kJ/mol
Elektronaffinitet
3,612725 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi
12,96763 eV/particle
joniseringsenergi of Cl (Klor)
ångbildningsvärme
20,41 kJ/mol
smältvärme
6,41 kJ/mol
Bildningsentalpi
121,302 kJ/mol
Electrons
electron shell2, 8, 7
Bohrs atommodell: Cl (Klor)
valenselektron7
Elektronformel: Cl (Klor)
elektronkonfiguration[Ne] 3s2 3p5
Enhanced Bohrs atommodell of Cl (Klor)
Orbital Diagram of Cl (Klor)
oxidationstal-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
elektronegativitet
3.16
Electrophilicity
3,673315922583194 eV/particle
Phases
aggregationstillståndGasformig
Gas PhaseDiatomic
Kokpunkt
239,11 K
Smältpunkt
171,65 K
critical pressure
7,991 MPa
critical temperature
417,05 K
trippelpunkt
Visual
färg
Gul
appearancepale yellow-green gas
Brytningsindex
1,000773
materialegenskap
Värmeledningsförmåga
0,009 W/(m K)
termisk expansion
molar heat capacity
33,949 J/(mol K)
Specifik värmekapacitet
0,479 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio7/5
electrical properties
typeInsulator
elektrisk konduktivitet
0,00000001 MS/m
resistivitet
100 m Ω
supraledare
magnetism
typediamagnetic
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass)
−0,0000000072 m³/Kg
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar)
−0,000000000511 m³/mol
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume)
−0,0000000231
magnetic ordering
Curiepunkten
Néel temperature
Structure
KristallstrukturBascentrerat ortorombiskt (ORC)
Gitterkonstant
6,24 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mekanisk materialegenskap
hårdhet
Kompressibilitet
1,1 GPa
skjuvmodul
Young's modulus
Poissons konstant
ljudhastighet
206 m/s
klassificering
KategoriHalogener, Halogens
CAS GroupVIIB
IUPAC GroupVIIA
Glawe Number101
Mendeleev Number107
Pettifor Number99
Geochemical Classsemi-volatile
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile
övrigt
Gas Basicity
490,1 kJ/mol
Dipole Polarizability
14,6 ± 0,1 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
94,6 a₀
AllotropesDichlorine
Träffyta
35,3
Neutron Mass Absorption
0,033
kvanttal2P3/2
rymdgrupp64 (Cmca)

Klorisotoper

Stabila isotoper2
Instabila isotoper23
Radioactive Isotopes21

28Cl

natural abundance
relative atomic mass
28,030349 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal28
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2018
Paritet+
28Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)100%

29Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
29,015053 ± 0,000203 Da
masstal29
g-factor
Halveringstid
5,4 ± 1,9 zs
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1993
Paritet+
29Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)100%

30Cl

natural abundance
relative atomic mass
30,005018333 ± 0,000025631 Da
masstal30
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn3
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2018
Paritet+
30Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
p (proton emission)100%

31Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
30,992448097 ± 0,0000037 Da
masstal31
g-factor
Halveringstid
190 ± 1 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1977
Paritet+
31Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)2.4%

32Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
31,985684605 ± 0,000000603 Da
masstal32
g-factor
1,115 ± 0,006
Halveringstid
298 ± 1 ms
Spinn1
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1953
Paritet+
32Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)0.054%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.026%

33Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
32,977451988 ± 0,000000419 Da
masstal33
g-factor
0,50313333333333 ± 0,0002
Halveringstid
2,5038 ± 0,0022 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1940
Paritet+
33Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

34Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
33,97376249 ± 0,000000052 Da
masstal34
g-factor
0
Halveringstid
1,5267 ± 0,0004 s
Spinn0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1934
Paritet+
34Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

35Cl

natural abundance
75,8 ± 0,2
relative atomic mass
34,968852694 ± 0,000000038 Da
masstal35
g-factor
0,5478 ± 0,000013333333333333
Halveringstid
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,0817 ± 0,0008
upptäcktsdatum1919
Paritet+

36Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
35,968306822 ± 0,000000038 Da
masstal36
g-factor
Halveringstid
301,3 ± 1,5 ky
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,178 ± 0,004
upptäcktsdatum1941
Paritet+
36Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)98.1%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)1.9%

37Cl

natural abundance
24,2 ± 0,2
relative atomic mass
36,965902573 ± 0,000000055 Da
masstal37
g-factor
0,456 ± 0,0000066666666666667
Halveringstid
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
−0,0644 ± 0,0006
upptäcktsdatum1919
Paritet+

38Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
37,968010408 ± 0,000000105 Da
masstal38
g-factor
1,025 ± 0,01
Halveringstid
37,23 ± 0,014 m
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1940
Paritet-
38Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%

39Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
38,968008151 ± 0,000001859 Da
masstal39
g-factor
Halveringstid
56,2 ± 0,6 m
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1949
Paritet+
39Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%

40Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
39,970415466 ± 0,000034423 Da
masstal40
g-factor
Halveringstid
1,35 ± 0,03 m
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1956
Paritet-
40Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%

41Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
40,970684525 ± 0,000073777 Da
masstal41
g-factor
Halveringstid
38,4 ± 0,8 s
Spinn1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet+
41Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%

42Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
41,973342 ± 0,000064 Da
masstal42
g-factor
Halveringstid
6,8 ± 0,3 s
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1971
Paritet-
42Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)%

43Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
42,9740637 ± 0,000066407 Da
masstal43
g-factor
Halveringstid
3,13 ± 0,09 s
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1976
Paritet+
43Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)%

44Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
43,978014918 ± 0,000091859 Da
masstal44
g-factor
0,2749 ± 0,0002
Halveringstid
562 ± 106 ms
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1979
Paritet-
44Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)8%

45Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
44,980394353 ± 0,000146177 Da
masstal45
g-factor
Halveringstid
413 ± 25 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1979
Paritet+
45Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)24%

46Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
45,985254926 ± 0,0001044 Da
masstal46
g-factor
Halveringstid
232 ± 2 ms
Spinn2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet-
46Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)60%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

47Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
46,989715 ± 0,000215 Da
masstal47
g-factor
Halveringstid
101 ± 5 ms
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet+
47Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)100%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)3%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

48Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
47,995405 ± 0,000537 Da
masstal48
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet
48Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

49Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
49,000794 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal49
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1989
Paritet+
49Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

50Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
50,008266 ± 0,000429 Da
masstal50
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2009
Paritet
50Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

51Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
51,015341 ± 0,000751 Da
masstal51
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum1990
Paritet+
51Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%

52Cl

natural abundanceRadioactive ☢️
relative atomic mass
52,024004 ± 0,000751 Da
masstal52
g-factor
Halveringstid
Spinn
nuclear quadrupole moment
upptäcktsdatum2018
Paritet
52Cl Decay Modes
decay modeIntensitet
β− (β− decay)%
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission)%
2n (2-neutron emission)%
Chlorine liquid in an ampoule.jpg

historia

upptäckare eller uppfinnareCarl Wilhelm Scheele
fyndplatsSweden
upptäcktsdatum1774
etymologiGreek: chlôros (greenish yellow).
uttalKLOR-een (engelska)

Sources

Förekomst
Abundance in Earth's crust
145 mg/kg
Abundance in Oceans
19 400 mg/L
Abundance in Human Body
0,12 %
Abundance in Meteor
0,037 %
Abundance in Sun
0,0008 %
Abundance in Universe
0,0001 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.4761
2p4.0068
2s5.5696
3p10.8839
3s9.9317
Klor on ChemicalAid