Krom (Cr)

chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24

Atomski broj	24
Relativna atomska masa	51.9961
Maseni broj	52

Skupina	6
Perioda	4
Blok	d

proton	24 p⁺
neutron	28 n⁰
elektron	24 e^-

Animated Bohrov model atoma of Cr (Krom)

Physical Property

Atomski Radijus	140 pm 233 pm
Molni volumen	7,23 cm³/mol
Kovalentni Radijus	122 pm 111 pm 103 pm 140 pm 139 pm
Metallic Radius	119 pm 128 pm
Ionski radijus	73 pm 80 pm 61,5 pm 41 pm 55 pm 34,5 pm 49 pm 57 pm 26 pm 44 pm
Crystal Radius	87 pm 94 pm 75,5 pm 55 pm 69 pm 48,5 pm 63 pm 71 pm 40 pm 58 pm
Van der Waals radius	205 pm 206 pm 225 pm 302,3 pm
gustoća	7,15 g/cm³ 6.300 kg/m³

Kemijsko Svojstvo

energija

proton affinity	791,3 kJ/mol
Elektronski afinitet	0,666 eV/particle
ionization energy	6,76651 eV/particle 16,486305 eV/particle 30,96 eV/particle 49,16 eV/particle 69,46 eV/particle 90,635 eV/particle 160,29 eV/particle 184,76 eV/particle 209,54 eV/particle 244,52 eV/particle 270,8 eV/particle 296,74 eV/particle 354,66 eV/particle 384,163 eV/particle 1.011,62 eV/particle 1.097,2 eV/particle 1.188 eV/particle 1.294,8 eV/particle 1.394,5 eV/particle 1.495,1 eV/particle 1.634 eV/particle 1.721,183 eV/particle 7.481,8625 eV/particle 7.894,799 eV/particle

Toplina isparivanja	342 kJ/mol
toplina taljenja	21 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	397,48 kJ/mol
elektron

Elektronska ljuska	2, 8, 13, 1

valence electron	1 ⓘ

electron configuration	[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵ 4s¹

Oksidacijski broj	-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Elektronegativnost	9,77 eV/particle 0.1313053 1.66
Electrophilicity Index	1,1319177597467263 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

agregatno stanje	Čvrsto
gaseous state of matter
Vrelište	2.944,15 K
Talište	2.180,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
Trojna točka
appearance
boja	Srebrna #808090 #8a99c7 #8a99c7
appearance	silvery metallic
Indeks prelamanja
thermodynamic material property
Toplinska vodljivost	93,9 W/(m K)
Toplinsko istezanje	0,0000049 1/K
molar heat capacity	23,35 J/(mol K)
Specifični toplinski kapacitet	0,449 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
electrical conductivity	7,9 MS/m
Električna otpornost i provodnost	0,00000013 Ω*m
Supravodljivost
Magnetizam
type	antiferromagnetic
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Mass)	0,0000000445 m³/Kg
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Molar)	0,000000002314 m³/mol
Magnetna susceptibilnost (Volume)	0,0003177
magnetic ordering
Curieva temperatura
Néel temperature	393 K
struktura
Kristalna struktura	Kubna prostorno centrirana (BCC)
lattice constant	2,88 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
Tvrdoća	1.120 MPa 8,5 MPa 1.060 MPa
bulk modulus	160 GPa
shear modulus	115 GPa
Youngov modul elastičnosti	279 GPa
Poissonov omjer	0,21
brzina zvuka	5.940 m/s
classification
Kategorija	Prijelazni metali, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIA
IUPAC Group	VIB
Glawe Number	55
Mendeleev Number	51
Pettifor Number	57
Geochemical Class	first series transition metal
Goldschmidt classification	litophile

other

Gas Basicity	768,4 kJ/mol
polarizability	83 ± 12 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	602 a₀ 709 a₀
allotrope
Nuklearni udarni presjek	3,1
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0021
Kvantni brojevi	7S3
space group	229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Chromium

Stabilni izotopi	3
Nestabilni izotopi	27
Natural Isotopes	4

⁴¹Cr

Maseni broj	41
neutron number	17
Relativna Atomska Masa	41,021911 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
p (proton emission)

⁴²Cr

Maseni broj	42
neutron number	18
Relativna Atomska Masa	42,007579 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	13,3 ± 1 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1996
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	94.4%
2p (2-proton emission)

⁴³Cr

Maseni broj	43
neutron number	19
Relativna Atomska Masa	42,997885 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	21,1 ± 0,3 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1992
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	79.3%
2p (2-proton emission)	11.6%
3p	0.13%
β⁺α (β⁺-delayed α emission)

⁴⁴Cr

Maseni broj	44
neutron number	20
Relativna Atomska Masa	43,985591 ± 0,000055 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	42,8 ± 0,6 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1987
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	12%

⁴⁵Cr

Maseni broj	45
neutron number	21
Relativna Atomska Masa	44,97905 ± 0,000038 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	60,9 ± 0,4 ms
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1974
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	34.4%

⁴⁶Cr

Maseni broj	46
neutron number	22
Relativna Atomska Masa	45,968360969 ± 0,000012295 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	224,3 ± 1,3 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1972
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴⁷Cr

Maseni broj	47
neutron number	23
Relativna Atomska Masa	46,962894995 ± 0,000005578 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	461,6 ± 1,5 ms
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1972
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴⁸Cr

Maseni broj	48
neutron number	24
Relativna Atomska Masa	47,954029431 ± 0,000007848 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	21,56 ± 0,03 h
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1952
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁴⁹Cr

Maseni broj	49
neutron number	25
Relativna Atomska Masa	48,95133372 ± 0,000002363 Da
g-factor	0,1904 ± 0,0012
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	42,3 ± 0,1 m
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1942
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵⁰Cr

Maseni broj	50
neutron number	26
Relativna Atomska Masa	49,946042209 ± 0,0000001 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	4,345 ± 0,013
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1930
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

⁵¹Cr

Maseni broj	51
neutron number	27
Relativna Atomska Masa	50,944765388 ± 0,000000178 Da
g-factor	0,26685714285714 ± 0,0014285714285714
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	27,7015 ± 0,0011 d
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1940
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁵²Cr

Maseni broj	52
neutron number	28
Relativna Atomska Masa	51,940504714 ± 0,00000012 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	83,789 ± 0,018
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1923
Parnost	+

⁵³Cr

Maseni broj	53
neutron number	29
Relativna Atomska Masa	52,940646304 ± 0,000000124 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	9,501 ± 0,017
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	−0,15 ± 0,05
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1930
Parnost	-

⁵⁴Cr

Maseni broj	54
neutron number	30
Relativna Atomska Masa	53,938877359 ± 0,000000142 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	2,365 ± 0,007
radioaktivnost	stable isotope
Vrijeme poluraspada	Not Radioactive ☢️
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1930
Parnost	+

⁵⁵Cr

Maseni broj	55
neutron number	31
Relativna Atomska Masa	54,940836637 ± 0,000000245 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	3,497 ± 0,003 m
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1952
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵⁶Cr

Maseni broj	56
neutron number	32
Relativna Atomska Masa	55,940648977 ± 0,00000062 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	5,94 ± 0,1 m
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1960
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵⁷Cr

Maseni broj	57
neutron number	33
Relativna Atomska Masa	56,943612112 ± 0,000002 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	21,1 ± 1 s
spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1978
Parnost

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵⁸Cr

Maseni broj	58
neutron number	34
Relativna Atomska Masa	57,944184501 ± 0,0000032 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	7 ± 0,3 s
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1980
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁵⁹Cr

Maseni broj	59
neutron number	35
Relativna Atomska Masa	58,948345426 ± 0,00000072 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	1.050 ± 90 ms
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1980
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁰Cr

Maseni broj	60
neutron number	36
Relativna Atomska Masa	59,949641656 ± 0,0000012 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	490 ± 10 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1980
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶¹Cr

Maseni broj	61
neutron number	37
Relativna Atomska Masa	60,95437813 ± 0,000002 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	243 ± 9 ms
spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1985
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶²Cr

Maseni broj	62
neutron number	38
Relativna Atomska Masa	61,95614292 ± 0,0000037 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	206 ± 12 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1985
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶³Cr

Maseni broj	63
neutron number	39
Relativna Atomska Masa	62,961161 ± 0,000078 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	129 ± 2 ms
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1992
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶⁴Cr

Maseni broj	64
neutron number	40
Relativna Atomska Masa	63,963886 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	43 ± 1 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1992
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶⁵Cr

Maseni broj	65
neutron number	41
Relativna Atomska Masa	64,969608 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	27,5 ± 2,1 ms
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1997
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶⁶Cr

Maseni broj	66
neutron number	42
Relativna Atomska Masa	65,973011 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada	23,8 ± 1,8 ms
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1997
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶⁷Cr

Maseni broj	67
neutron number	43
Relativna Atomska Masa	66,979313 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1997
Parnost	-

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶⁸Cr

Maseni broj	68
neutron number	44
Relativna Atomska Masa	67,983156 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2009
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁶⁹Cr

Maseni broj	69
neutron number	45
Relativna Atomska Masa	68,989662 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2013
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁰Cr

Maseni broj	70
neutron number	46
Relativna Atomska Masa	69,993945 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktivnost	☢️ radioactive element
Vrijeme poluraspada
spin	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	2013
Parnost	+

decay mode	intensity
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

povijest

otkrio/izumio	Louis Vauquelin
location of discovery	France
vrijeme otkrića ili izuma	1797
Etimologija	Greek: chrôma (color).
pronunciation	KROH-mi-em (engleski)

source

Obilnost
Zastupljenost u Zemljinoj kori	102 mg/kg
natural abundance (ocean)	0,0003 mg/L
natural abundance (tijelo)	0,000003 %
natural abundance (meteoroid)	0,3 %
natural abundance (Sunce)	0,002 %
Zastupljenost u svemiru	0,0015 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.5862
2	p	3.9248
2	s	7.0162
3	d	14.2434
3	p	12.534
3	s	11.6322
4	s	18.8668

Krom on ChemicalAid

ASC Leiden Thesaurus ID	294904409
Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	300011019
Australian Educational Vocabulary ID	scot/3730
BNCF Thesaurus ID	22189
BNF	12104829h
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID	chrom
CAS registarski broj	7440-47-3
Canadian Encyclopedia article ID	chromium
ChEBI ID	28073
DSSTOX compound identifier	DTXCID1011022
DSSTox substance ID	DTXSID3031022
Drugbank ID	11136
ECHA Substance Infocard ID	100.028.324
Encyclopedia of China ID (Second Edition)	204079
Encyclopædia Universalis ID	chrome
Europeana Fashion Vocabulary ID	10554
Freebase ID	/m/025tkr6
French Vikidia ID	Chrome
GND identifikator	4147944-0
Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID	4671100
Grove Art Online ID	T017513
HSDB ID	910
ICSC ID	0029
ID oznaka teme na Quori	Chromium-element
ID oznaka u mrežnoj enciklopediji Britannici	science/chromium
IEDB Epitope ID	114071
InChI	InChI=1S/Cr
InChIKey	VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KBpedia ID	Chromium
KEGG ID	C06268
Krugosvet article	nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/HROM.html
LCCN	sh85025350
Latvian National Encyclopedia Online ID	145861
MeSH ID	D002857
Mindat mineral ID	1037
NDF-RT ID	N0000146088
NDL ID	00567040
NE.se ID	cr-(krom)
NKCR broj	ph119207
Namuwiki ID	크로뮴
National Library of Israel J9U ID	987007286324805171
OpenAlex ID	C511782168
OpenAlex ID	C2909514155
PSH ID	5768
Pixiv Encyclopedia ID	クロム
Probes And Drugs ID	PD061009
PubChem ID	23976
RKD thesaurus ID	92666
RxNorm ID	2496
STW Thesaurus for Economics ID	14295-6
Spanish Cultural Heritage thesauri ID	materias/1000922
Spanish Vikidia ID	Cromo
Store norske leksikon ID	krom
Treccani ID	cromo
U.S. National Archives Identifier	10646811
UK Archival Thesaurus ID	f2/mt225/4347/7866
UK Parliament thesaurus ID	9168
UNII	0R0008Q3JB
USGS Thesaurus ID	1429
WikiSkripta ID	12126
Wolfram Language entity code	Entity["Mineral", "Chromium"]
WordNet 3.1 Synset ID	14659270-n
YSO ID	20200
ZVG number	8190
značenje prema OmegaWiki	585

Krom (Cr)

Physical Property

Kemijsko Svojstvo

other

Isotopes of Chromium

41Cr

42Cr

43Cr

44Cr

45Cr

46Cr

47Cr

48Cr

49Cr

50Cr

51Cr

52Cr

53Cr

54Cr

55Cr

56Cr

57Cr

58Cr

59Cr

60Cr

61Cr

62Cr

63Cr

64Cr

65Cr

66Cr

67Cr

68Cr

69Cr

70Cr

povijest

source

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁴¹Cr

⁴²Cr

⁴³Cr

⁴⁴Cr

⁴⁵Cr

⁴⁶Cr

⁴⁷Cr

⁴⁸Cr

⁴⁹Cr

⁵⁰Cr

⁵¹Cr

⁵²Cr

⁵³Cr

⁵⁴Cr

⁵⁵Cr

⁵⁶Cr

⁵⁷Cr

⁵⁸Cr

⁵⁹Cr

⁶⁰Cr

⁶¹Cr

⁶²Cr

⁶³Cr

⁶⁴Cr

⁶⁵Cr

⁶⁶Cr

⁶⁷Cr

⁶⁸Cr

⁶⁹Cr

⁷⁰Cr