Kromium, ²Krom

Kromium, ²Krom (Cr)

chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24
Atomic Number24
Atomic Weight51.9961
Nombor jisim52
Group6
Period4
Blockd
proton24 p+
neutron28 n0
Elektron24 e-
Animated Model Bohr of Cr (Kromium, ²Krom)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
molar volume
Jejari kovalen
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Jejari van der Waals
ketumpatan
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Kromium, ²Krom0102030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210pmJejari AtomJejari KovalenMetallic RadiusJejari van der Waals

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
Pertalian elektron
ionization energy
ionization energy of Cr (Kromium, ²Krom)
Entalpi pengewapan
entalpi pelakuran
standard enthalpy of formation
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 8, 13, 1
Model Bohr: Cr (Kromium, ²Krom)
Elektron valens1
Teori ion Lewis: Cr (Kromium, ²Krom)
tatarajah elektron[Ar] 3d5 4s1
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1
Enhanced Model Bohr of Cr (Kromium, ²Krom)
Orbital Diagram of Cr (Kromium, ²Krom)
Keadaan pengoksidaan-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Keelektronegatifan
1.66
Electrophilicity Index
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
Melting Point
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
rupa
warna
Silver
rupasilvery metallic
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity
Specific Heat Capacity
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Kekonduksian elektrik
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
typeantiferromagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
0.0000000445 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
0.000000002314 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
0.0003177
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureBody Centered Cubic (BCC)
lattice constant
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
0.21
Kelajuan bunyi
pengelasan
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupVIA
IUPAC GroupVIB
Glawe Number55
Mendeleev Number51
Pettifor Number57
Geochemical Classfirst series transition metal
Goldschmidt classificationlitophile

other

Gas Basicity
polarizability
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
allotrope
Neutron cross section
3.1
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.0021
Nombor kuantum7S3
space group229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Chromium

Stable Isotopes3
Unstable Isotopes27
Natural Isotopes4
Isotopic Composition5283.79%5283.79%539.50%539.50%504.35%504.35%542.37%542.37%

41Cr

Nombor jisim41
nombor neutron17
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

42Cr

Nombor jisim42
nombor neutron18
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
13.3 ± 1 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1996
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)94.4%
2p (2-proton emission)

43Cr

Nombor jisim43
nombor neutron19
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
21.1 ± 0.3 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1992
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)79.3%
2p (2-proton emission)11.6%
3p0.13%
β+α (β+-delayed α emission)

44Cr

Nombor jisim44
nombor neutron20
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
42.8 ± 0.6 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)12%

45Cr

Nombor jisim45
nombor neutron21
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
60.9 ± 0.4 ms
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1974
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)34.4%

46Cr

Nombor jisim46
nombor neutron22
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
224.3 ± 1.3 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1972
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

47Cr

Nombor jisim47
nombor neutron23
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
461.6 ± 1.5 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1972
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

48Cr

Nombor jisim48
nombor neutron24
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
21.56 ± 0.03 h
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1952
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

49Cr

Nombor jisim49
nombor neutron25
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0.1904 ± 0.0012
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
42.3 ± 0.1 m
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1942
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

50Cr

Nombor jisim50
nombor neutron26
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
4.345 ± 0.013
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1930
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
+ (double β+ decay)

51Cr

Nombor jisim51
nombor neutron27
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0.26685714285714 ± 0.0014285714285714
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
27.7015 ± 0.0011 d
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1940
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)100%

52Cr

Nombor jisim52
nombor neutron28
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
83.789 ± 0.018
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1923
parity+

53Cr

Nombor jisim53
nombor neutron29
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
9.501 ± 0.017
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.15 ± 0.05
tarikh penemuan1930
parity-

54Cr

Nombor jisim54
nombor neutron30
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
2.365 ± 0.007
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1930
parity+

55Cr

Nombor jisim55
nombor neutron31
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.497 ± 0.003 m
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1952
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

56Cr

Nombor jisim56
nombor neutron32
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
5.94 ± 0.1 m
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1960
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

57Cr

Nombor jisim57
nombor neutron33
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
21.1 ± 1 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1978
parity

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

58Cr

Nombor jisim58
nombor neutron34
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
7 ± 0.3 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1980
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

59Cr

Nombor jisim59
nombor neutron35
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1,050 ± 90 ms
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1980
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

60Cr

Nombor jisim60
nombor neutron36
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
490 ± 10 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1980
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

61Cr

Nombor jisim61
nombor neutron37
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
243 ± 9 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1985
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

62Cr

Nombor jisim62
nombor neutron38
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
206 ± 12 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1985
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

63Cr

Nombor jisim63
nombor neutron39
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
129 ± 2 ms
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1992
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

64Cr

Nombor jisim64
nombor neutron40
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
43 ± 1 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1992
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

65Cr

Nombor jisim65
nombor neutron41
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
27.5 ± 2.1 ms
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1997
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

66Cr

Nombor jisim66
nombor neutron42
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
23.8 ± 1.8 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

67Cr

Nombor jisim67
nombor neutron43
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1997
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

68Cr

Nombor jisim68
nombor neutron44
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2009
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

69Cr

Nombor jisim69
nombor neutron45
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2013
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

70Cr

Nombor jisim70
nombor neutron46
Jisim Atom Relatif
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2013
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
Chromium crystals and 1cm3 cube

sejarah

penemu atau perekaLouis Vauquelin
tempat penemuanFrance
tarikh penemuan1797
EtimologiGreek: chrôma (color).
sebutanKROH-mi-em (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (lautan)
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
0.000003 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
0.3 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
0.002 %
Abundance in Universe
0.0015 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.5862
2p3.9248
2s7.0162
3d14.2434
3p12.534
3s11.6322
4s18.8668