Tembaga (Cu)

chemical element with symbol Cu and atomic number 29

Atomic Number	29
Atomic Weight	63.546
Nombor jisim	63

Group	11
Period	4
Block	d

proton	29 p⁺
neutron	34 n⁰
Elektron	29 e^-

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom	135 pm 217 pm
molar volume	7.1 cm³/mol
Jejari kovalen	112 pm 115 pm 120 pm 137 pm 132 pm
Metallic Radius	118 pm 128 pm
ionic radius	46 pm 60 pm 77 pm 57 pm 57 pm 65 pm 73 pm 54 pm
Crystal Radius	60 pm 74 pm 91 pm 71 pm 71 pm 79 pm 87 pm 60 pm
Jejari van der Waals	200 pm 196 pm 226 pm 349.5 pm
ketumpatan	8.96 g/cm³ 8,020 kg/m³

Sifat Kimia

{ERROR}

tenaga

proton affinity	655.3 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron	1.235 eV/particle
ionization energy	7.72638 eV/particle 20.29239 eV/particle 36.841 eV/particle 57.38 eV/particle 79.8 eV/particle 103 eV/particle 139 eV/particle 166 eV/particle 198 eV/particle 232.2 eV/particle 265 eV/particle 367.03 eV/particle 400.98 eV/particle 436.04 eV/particle 483.13 eV/particle 518.7 eV/particle 552.8 eV/particle 632.48 eV/particle 670.608 eV/particle 1,690.5 eV/particle 1,800 eV/particle 1,918 eV/particle 2,044 eV/particle 2,179.4 eV/particle 2,307 eV/particle 2,479.1 eV/particle 2,586.954 eV/particle 11,062.4309 eV/particle 11,567.612 eV/particle

Entalpi pengewapan	304.6 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran	13.01 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	337.4 kJ/mol
Elektron

Petala elektron	2, 8, 18, 1

Elektron valens	1 ⓘ

tatarajah elektron	[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s¹

Keadaan pengoksidaan	-2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Keelektronegatifan	10.96 eV/particle 0.1511716 1.9
Electrophilicity Index	1.546403297611602 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas

fasa jirim
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	2,833.15 K
Melting Point	1,357.77 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
rupa
warna	Black #a52a2a #c88033 #c88033
rupa	red-orange metallic luster
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity	401 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma	0.0000165 1/K
molar heat capacity	24.44 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0.385 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Kekonduksian elektrik	59 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik	0.000000017 Ω*m
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
type	diamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)	-0.00000000108 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)	-0.0000000000686 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)	-0.00000963
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	3.61 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness	874 MPa 3 MPa 369 MPa
Modulus pukal	140 GPa
shear modulus	48 GPa
Young's modulus	130 GPa
Nisbah Poisson	0.34
Kelajuan bunyi	3,570 m/s
pengelasan
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	IB
IUPAC Group	IB
Glawe Number	68
Mendeleev Number	71
Pettifor Number	72
Geochemical Class	first series transition metal
Goldschmidt classification	chalcophile

other

Gas Basicity	632.4 kJ/mol
polarizability	46.5 ± 0.5 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	253 a₀ 264 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	3.78
Neutron Mass Absorption	0.0021
Nombor kuantum	2S1/2
space group	225 (Fm_3m)

Isotopes of Copper

Stable Isotopes	2
Unstable Isotopes	31
Natural Isotopes	2

⁵²Cu

Nombor jisim	52
nombor neutron	23
Jisim Atom Relatif	51.997982 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

⁵³Cu

Nombor jisim	53
nombor neutron	24
Jisim Atom Relatif	52.985894 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

⁵⁴Cu

Nombor jisim	54
nombor neutron	25
Jisim Atom Relatif	53.977198 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

⁵⁵Cu

Nombor jisim	55
nombor neutron	26
Jisim Atom Relatif	54.966038 ± 0.000167 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	55.9 ± 1.5 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1987
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)

⁵⁶Cu

Nombor jisim	56
nombor neutron	27
Jisim Atom Relatif	55.958529278 ± 0.000006864 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	80.8 ± 0.6 ms
Spin	4
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1987
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0.4%

⁵⁷Cu

Nombor jisim	57
nombor neutron	28
Jisim Atom Relatif	56.949211686 ± 0.000000537 Da
g-factor	1.7213333333333 ± 0.0046666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	196.4 ± 0.7 ms
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1976
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵⁸Cu

Nombor jisim	58
nombor neutron	29
Jisim Atom Relatif	57.944532283 ± 0.000000604 Da
g-factor	0.571 ± 0.002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	3.204 ± 0.007 s
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1952
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵⁹Cu

Nombor jisim	59
nombor neutron	30
Jisim Atom Relatif	58.939496713 ± 0.000000566 Da
g-factor	1.2620666666667 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	81.5 ± 0.5 s
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1947
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁶⁰Cu

Nombor jisim	60
nombor neutron	31
Jisim Atom Relatif	59.937363787 ± 0.000001731 Da
g-factor	0.61 ± 0.00025
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	23.7 ± 0.4 m
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1947
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁶¹Cu

Nombor jisim	61
nombor neutron	32
Jisim Atom Relatif	60.933457375 ± 0.00000102 Da
g-factor	1.4071333333333 ± 0.00033333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	3.343 ± 0.016 h
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1937
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁶²Cu

Nombor jisim	62
nombor neutron	33
Jisim Atom Relatif	61.932594803 ± 0.000000683 Da
g-factor	-0.38 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	9.672 ± 0.008 m
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1936
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁶³Cu

Nombor jisim	63
nombor neutron	34
Jisim Atom Relatif	62.929597119 ± 0.000000457 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	69.15 ± 0.15
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.22 ± 0.015
tarikh penemuan	1923
parity	-

⁶⁴Cu

Nombor jisim	64
nombor neutron	35
Jisim Atom Relatif	63.929764001 ± 0.000000458 Da
g-factor	-0.2166 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	12.7004 ± 0.0013 h
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1936
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	61.52%
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	38.48%

⁶⁵Cu

Nombor jisim	65
nombor neutron	36
Jisim Atom Relatif	64.927789476 ± 0.00000069 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	30.85 ± 0.15
Reputan radioaktif	Isotop stabil
setengah hayat	Not Radioactive ☢️
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	-0.204 ± 0.014
tarikh penemuan	1923
parity	-

⁶⁶Cu

Nombor jisim	66
nombor neutron	37
Jisim Atom Relatif	65.928868804 ± 0.000000696 Da
g-factor	-0.2826 ± 0.0008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	5.12 ± 0.014 m
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1937
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁷Cu

Nombor jisim	67
nombor neutron	38
Jisim Atom Relatif	66.92772949 ± 0.000000957 Da
g-factor	1.6780666666667 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	61.83 ± 0.12 h
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1948
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁸Cu

Nombor jisim	68
nombor neutron	39
Jisim Atom Relatif	67.929610887 ± 0.0000017 Da
g-factor	2.396 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	30.9 ± 0.6 s
Spin	1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1953
parity	+

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁹Cu

Nombor jisim	69
nombor neutron	40
Jisim Atom Relatif	68.929429267 ± 0.0000015 Da
g-factor	1.8943333333333 ± 0.00066666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	2.85 ± 0.15 m
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1966
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁷⁰Cu

Nombor jisim	70
nombor neutron	41
Jisim Atom Relatif	69.932392078 ± 0.000001161 Da
g-factor	0.22801666666667 ± 0.000083333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	44.5 ± 0.2 s
Spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1971
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁷¹Cu

Nombor jisim	71
nombor neutron	42
Jisim Atom Relatif	70.932676831 ± 0.0000016 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	19.4 ± 1.4 s
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1983
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁷²Cu

Nombor jisim	72
nombor neutron	43
Jisim Atom Relatif	71.935820306 ± 0.0000015 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	6.63 ± 0.03 s
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1983
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁷³Cu

Nombor jisim	73
nombor neutron	44
Jisim Atom Relatif	72.936674376 ± 0.000002084 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	4.2 ± 0.12 s
Spin	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1983
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.029%

⁷⁴Cu

Nombor jisim	74
nombor neutron	45
Jisim Atom Relatif	73.93987486 ± 0.0000066 Da
g-factor	-0.5335 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.606 ± 0.009 s
Spin	2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1987
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0.075%

⁷⁵Cu

Nombor jisim	75
nombor neutron	46
Jisim Atom Relatif	74.941523817 ± 0.00000077 Da
g-factor	0.40276 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	1.224 ± 0.003 s
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1985
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	2.7%

⁷⁶Cu

Nombor jisim	76
nombor neutron	47
Jisim Atom Relatif	75.945268974 ± 0.00000098 Da
g-factor	-0.36356666666667 ± 0.0005
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	637.7 ± 5.5 ms
Spin	3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1987
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	7.2%

⁷⁷Cu

Nombor jisim	77
nombor neutron	48
Jisim Atom Relatif	76.947543599 ± 0.0000013 Da
g-factor	0.63852 ± 0.00068
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	470.3 ± 1.7 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1987
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	30.1%

⁷⁸Cu

Nombor jisim	78
nombor neutron	49
Jisim Atom Relatif	77.951916524 ± 0.000014312 Da
g-factor	0.039666666666667 ± 0.0005
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	330.7 ± 2 ms
Spin	6
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1991
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	50.6%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁹Cu

Nombor jisim	79
nombor neutron	50
Jisim Atom Relatif	78.9544731 ± 0.0001127 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	241.3 ± 2.1 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1991
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	66%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁸⁰Cu

Nombor jisim	80
nombor neutron	51
Jisim Atom Relatif	79.960623 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	113.3 ± 6.4 ms
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	1995
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	58%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁸¹Cu

Nombor jisim	81
nombor neutron	52
Jisim Atom Relatif	80.965743 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	73.2 ± 6.8 ms
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2010
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	81%
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁸²Cu

Nombor jisim	82
nombor neutron	53
Jisim Atom Relatif	81.972378 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat	34 ± 7 ms
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2010
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁸³Cu

Nombor jisim	83
nombor neutron	54
Jisim Atom Relatif	82.97811 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan	2017
parity	-

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁸⁴Cu

Nombor jisim	84
nombor neutron	55
Jisim Atom Relatif	83.985271 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif	☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity

decay mode	Keamatan (fizik)
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

sejarah

penemu atau pereka	Known to the ancients.
tempat penemuan
tarikh penemuan
Etimologi	Symbol from Latin: cuprum (island of Cyprus famed for its copper mines).
sebutan	KOP-er (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	60 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)	0.00025 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)	0.0001 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)	0.011 %
natural abundance (Matahari)	0.00007 %
Abundance in Universe	0.000006 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.6614
2	p	3.903
2	s	7.9802
3	d	15.7994
3	p	14.2694
3	s	13.4057
4	s	23.1576

Tembaga on ChemicalAid

Tembaga (Cu)

Sifat Fizikal

Sifat Kimia

other

Isotopes of Copper

52Cu

53Cu

54Cu

55Cu

56Cu

57Cu

58Cu

59Cu

60Cu

61Cu

62Cu

63Cu

64Cu

65Cu

66Cu

67Cu

68Cu

69Cu

70Cu

71Cu

72Cu

73Cu

74Cu

75Cu

76Cu

77Cu

78Cu

79Cu

80Cu

81Cu

82Cu

83Cu

84Cu

sejarah

sumber

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁵²Cu

⁵³Cu

⁵⁴Cu

⁵⁵Cu

⁵⁶Cu

⁵⁷Cu

⁵⁸Cu

⁵⁹Cu

⁶⁰Cu

⁶¹Cu

⁶²Cu

⁶³Cu

⁶⁴Cu

⁶⁵Cu

⁶⁶Cu

⁶⁷Cu

⁶⁸Cu

⁶⁹Cu

⁷⁰Cu

⁷¹Cu

⁷²Cu

⁷³Cu

⁷⁴Cu

⁷⁵Cu

⁷⁶Cu

⁷⁷Cu

⁷⁸Cu

⁷⁹Cu

⁸⁰Cu

⁸¹Cu

⁸²Cu

⁸³Cu

⁸⁴Cu