Tembaga

Tembaga (Cu)

chemical element with symbol Cu and atomic number 29
Atomic Number29
Atomic Weight63.546
Nombor jisim63
Group11
Period4
Blockd
proton29 p+
neutron34 n0
Elektron29 e-
Animated Model Bohr of Cu (Tembaga)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
135 pm
molar volume
Jejari kovalen
112 pm
Metallic Radius
118 pm
ionic radius
46 pm
Crystal Radius
60 pm
Jejari van der Waals
196 pm
ketumpatan
8.96 g/cm³
Atomic Radii Of The Elements: Tembaga020406080100120140160180200pmJejari AtomJejari KovalenMetallic RadiusJejari van der Waals

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
655.3 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron
ionization energy
7.72638 eV/particle
ionization energy of Cu (Tembaga)
Entalpi pengewapan
304.6 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran
13.01 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation
337.4 kJ/mol
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 8, 18, 1
Model Bohr: Cu (Tembaga)
Elektron valens1
Teori ion Lewis: Cu (Tembaga)
tatarajah elektron[Ar] 3d10 4s1
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1
Enhanced Model Bohr of Cu (Tembaga)
Orbital Diagram of Cu (Tembaga)
Keadaan pengoksidaan-2, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
Keelektronegatifan
1.9
Electrophilicity Index
1.546403297611602 eV/particle
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimSolid
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point
2,833.15 K
Melting Point
1,357.77 K
critical pressure
critical temperature
triple point
rupa
warna
Copper
rupared-orange metallic luster
indeks biasan
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
Pengembangan terma
0.0000165 1/K
molar heat capacity
24.44 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.385 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
typeConductor
Kekonduksian elektrik
59 MS/m
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
0.000000017 m Ω
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0.00000000108 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0.0000000000686 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0.00000963
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureFace Centered Cubic (FCC)
lattice constant
3.61 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
3 MPa
Modulus pukal
140 GPa
shear modulus
48 GPa
Young's modulus
130 GPa
Nisbah Poisson
0.34
Kelajuan bunyi
3,570 m/s
pengelasan
CategoryTransition metals, Transition metals
CAS GroupIB
IUPAC GroupIB
Glawe Number68
Mendeleev Number71
Pettifor Number72
Geochemical Classfirst series transition metal
Goldschmidt classificationchalcophile

other

Gas Basicity
632.4 kJ/mol
polarizability
46.5 ± 0.5 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
253 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section
3.78
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.0021
Nombor kuantum2S1/2
space group225 (Fm_3m)

Isotopes of Copper

Stable Isotopes2
Unstable Isotopes31
Natural Isotopes2
Isotopic Composition6369.15%6369.15%6530.85%6530.85%

52Cu

Nombor jisim52
nombor neutron23
jisim atom relatif
51.997982 ± 0.000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

53Cu

Nombor jisim53
nombor neutron24
jisim atom relatif
52.985894 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

54Cu

Nombor jisim54
nombor neutron25
jisim atom relatif
53.977198 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
p (proton emission)

55Cu

Nombor jisim55
nombor neutron26
jisim atom relatif
54.966038 ± 0.000167 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
55.9 ± 1.5 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)

56Cu

Nombor jisim56
nombor neutron27
jisim atom relatif
55.958529278 ± 0.000006864 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
80.8 ± 0.6 ms
Spin4
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.4%

57Cu

Nombor jisim57
nombor neutron28
jisim atom relatif
56.949211686 ± 0.000000537 Da
g-factor
1.7213333333333 ± 0.0046666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
196.4 ± 0.7 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1976
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

58Cu

Nombor jisim58
nombor neutron29
jisim atom relatif
57.944532283 ± 0.000000604 Da
g-factor
0.571 ± 0.002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.204 ± 0.007 s
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1952
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

59Cu

Nombor jisim59
nombor neutron30
jisim atom relatif
58.939496713 ± 0.000000566 Da
g-factor
1.2620666666667 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
81.5 ± 0.5 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1947
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

60Cu

Nombor jisim60
nombor neutron31
jisim atom relatif
59.937363787 ± 0.000001731 Da
g-factor
0.61 ± 0.00025
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
23.7 ± 0.4 m
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1947
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

61Cu

Nombor jisim61
nombor neutron32
jisim atom relatif
60.933457375 ± 0.00000102 Da
g-factor
1.4071333333333 ± 0.00033333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.343 ± 0.016 h
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1937
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

62Cu

Nombor jisim62
nombor neutron33
jisim atom relatif
61.932594803 ± 0.000000683 Da
g-factor
-0.38 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
9.672 ± 0.008 m
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1936
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

63Cu

Nombor jisim63
nombor neutron34
jisim atom relatif
62.929597119 ± 0.000000457 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
69.15 ± 0.15
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.22 ± 0.015
tarikh penemuan1923
parity-

64Cu

Nombor jisim64
nombor neutron35
jisim atom relatif
63.929764001 ± 0.000000458 Da
g-factor
-0.2166 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
12.7004 ± 0.0013 h
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1936
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)61.52%
β (β decay)38.48%

65Cu

Nombor jisim65
nombor neutron36
jisim atom relatif
64.927789476 ± 0.00000069 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
30.85 ± 0.15
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.204 ± 0.014
tarikh penemuan1923
parity-

66Cu

Nombor jisim66
nombor neutron37
jisim atom relatif
65.928868804 ± 0.000000696 Da
g-factor
-0.2826 ± 0.0008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
5.12 ± 0.014 m
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1937
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

67Cu

Nombor jisim67
nombor neutron38
jisim atom relatif
66.92772949 ± 0.000000957 Da
g-factor
1.6780666666667 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
61.83 ± 0.12 h
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1948
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

68Cu

Nombor jisim68
nombor neutron39
jisim atom relatif
67.929610887 ± 0.0000017 Da
g-factor
2.396 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
30.9 ± 0.6 s
Spin1
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1953
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

69Cu

Nombor jisim69
nombor neutron40
jisim atom relatif
68.929429267 ± 0.0000015 Da
g-factor
1.8943333333333 ± 0.00066666666666667
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.85 ± 0.15 m
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1966
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

70Cu

Nombor jisim70
nombor neutron41
jisim atom relatif
69.932392078 ± 0.000001161 Da
g-factor
0.22801666666667 ± 0.000083333333333333
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
44.5 ± 0.2 s
Spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1971
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

71Cu

Nombor jisim71
nombor neutron42
jisim atom relatif
70.932676831 ± 0.0000016 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
19.4 ± 1.4 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1983
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

72Cu

Nombor jisim72
nombor neutron43
jisim atom relatif
71.935820306 ± 0.0000015 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
6.63 ± 0.03 s
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1983
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

73Cu

Nombor jisim73
nombor neutron44
jisim atom relatif
72.936674376 ± 0.000002084 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
4.2 ± 0.12 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1983
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.029%

74Cu

Nombor jisim74
nombor neutron45
jisim atom relatif
73.93987486 ± 0.0000066 Da
g-factor
-0.5335 ± 0.0006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.606 ± 0.009 s
Spin2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.075%

75Cu

Nombor jisim75
nombor neutron46
jisim atom relatif
74.941523817 ± 0.00000077 Da
g-factor
0.40276 ± 0.0004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.224 ± 0.003 s
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1985
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)2.7%

76Cu

Nombor jisim76
nombor neutron47
jisim atom relatif
75.945268974 ± 0.00000098 Da
g-factor
-0.36356666666667 ± 0.0005
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
637.7 ± 5.5 ms
Spin3
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)7.2%

77Cu

Nombor jisim77
nombor neutron48
jisim atom relatif
76.947543599 ± 0.0000013 Da
g-factor
0.63852 ± 0.00068
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
470.3 ± 1.7 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1987
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)30.1%

78Cu

Nombor jisim78
nombor neutron49
jisim atom relatif
77.951916524 ± 0.000014312 Da
g-factor
0.039666666666667 ± 0.0005
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
330.7 ± 2 ms
Spin6
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1991
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)50.6%
2n (2-neutron emission)

79Cu

Nombor jisim79
nombor neutron50
jisim atom relatif
78.9544731 ± 0.0001127 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
241.3 ± 2.1 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1991
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)66%
2n (2-neutron emission)

80Cu

Nombor jisim80
nombor neutron51
jisim atom relatif
79.960623 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
113.3 ± 6.4 ms
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1995
parity

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)58%
2n (2-neutron emission)

81Cu

Nombor jisim81
nombor neutron52
jisim atom relatif
80.965743 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
73.2 ± 6.8 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)81%
2n (2-neutron emission)

82Cu

Nombor jisim82
nombor neutron53
jisim atom relatif
81.972378 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
34 ± 7 ms
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

83Cu

Nombor jisim83
nombor neutron54
jisim atom relatif
82.97811 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2017
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

84Cu

Nombor jisim84
nombor neutron55
jisim atom relatif
83.985271 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan
parity

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
NatCopper

sejarah

penemu atau perekaKnown to the ancients.
tempat penemuan
tarikh penemuan
EtimologiSymbol from Latin: cuprum (island of Cyprus famed for its copper mines).
sebutanKOP-er (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
natural abundance (lautan)
0.00025 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
0.0001 %
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
0.011 %
natural abundance (Matahari)
0.00007 %
Abundance in Universe
0.000006 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.6614
2p3.903
2s7.9802
3d15.7994
3p14.2694
3s13.4057
4s23.1576