Atomnummer | 68 |
---|---|
Atommassa | 167.259 |
masstal | 166 |
Grupp | |
---|---|
Period | 6 |
Block | f |
Protoner | 68 p+ |
---|---|
Neutroner | 98 n0 |
Electrons | 68 e- |
fysisk egenskap | |
---|---|
atomradie | 175 pm
|
molvolym | 18,4 cm³/mol
|
kovalent radie | 165 pm
|
Metallic Radius | |
ionic radius | 89 pm
|
Crystal Radius | 103 pm
|
Van der Waalsradie |
229 pm
|
densitet | 9,07 g/cm³
|
energi | |
proton affinity | |
Elektronaffinitet | |
joniseringsenergi | 6,1077 eV/particle
|
ångbildningsvärme | 317 kJ/mol
|
smältvärme | |
Bildningsentalpi | 316,4 kJ/mol
|
Electrons | |
electron shell | 2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2 |
valenselektron | 2 |
elektronkonfiguration | [Xe] 4f12 6s2 |
oxidationstal | 0, 2, 3 |
elektronegativitet |
1.24
|
Electrophilicity | |
Phases | |
aggregationstillstånd | Fast |
Gas Phase | |
Kokpunkt | 3 141,15 K
|
Smältpunkt | 1 802,15 K
|
critical pressure | |
critical temperature | |
trippelpunkt | |
Visual | |
färg | Silver
|
appearance | silvery white |
Brytningsindex | |
materialegenskap | |
Värmeledningsförmåga | |
termisk expansion | 0,0000122 1/K
|
molar heat capacity | 28,12 J/(mol K)
|
Specifik värmekapacitet | 0,168 J/(g⋅K)
|
heat capacity ratio | |
electrical properties | |
type | Conductor |
elektrisk konduktivitet | 1,2 MS/m
|
resistivitet | 0,00000086 m Ω
|
supraledare | |
magnetism | |
type | paramagnetic |
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Mass) | 0,00000377 m³/Kg
|
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Molar) | 0,000000630566 m³/mol
|
magnetisk susceptibilitet (Volume) | 0,0341788
|
magnetic ordering | |
Curiepunkten | 32 K
|
Néel temperature | 82 K
|
Structure | |
Kristallstruktur | Enkelt hexagonalt (HEX) |
Gitterkonstant | 3,56 Å
|
Lattice Angles | π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 |
mekanisk materialegenskap | |
hårdhet | |
Kompressibilitet | 44 GPa
|
skjuvmodul | 28 GPa
|
Young's modulus | 70 GPa
|
Poissons konstant | 0,24
|
ljudhastighet | 2 830 m/s
|
klassificering | |
Kategori | Lantanoider, Lanthanides |
CAS Group | |
IUPAC Group | |
Glawe Number | 22 |
Mendeleev Number | 35 |
Pettifor Number | 23 |
Geochemical Class | rare earth & related |
Goldschmidt classification | litophile |
övrigt | |
Gas Basicity | |
Dipole Polarizability | |
C6 Dispersion Coefficient | |
Allotropes | |
Träffyta | 165
|
Neutron Mass Absorption | 0,036
|
kvanttal | 3H6 |
rymdgrupp | 194 (P63/mmc) |
Stabila isotoper | 6 |
---|---|
Instabila isotoper | 33 |
Radioactive Isotopes | 33 |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 142 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
p (proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 143 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2005 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 144 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2003 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 145 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 900 ± 200 ms
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1989 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 146 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 1,7 ± 0,6 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1993 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 147 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 3,2 ± 1,2 s
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1992 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 148 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 4,6 ± 0,2 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1982 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 0.15% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 149 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 4 ± 2 s
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1984 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission) | 7% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 150 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 18,5 ± 0,7 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1982 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 151 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 23,5 ± 2 s
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1970 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 152 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 10,3 ± 0,1 s
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1963 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 90% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 10% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 153 |
g-factor | −0,26628571428571 ± 0,002
|
Halveringstid | 37,1 ± 0,2 s
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | −0,42 ± 0,02
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1963 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
α (α emission) | 53% |
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 47% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 154 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 3,73 ± 0,09 m
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1963 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
α (α emission) | 0.47% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 155 |
g-factor | −0,19028571428571 ± 0,0014285714285714
|
Halveringstid | 5,3 ± 0,3 m
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | −0,27 ± 0,02
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1969 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 99.978% |
α (α emission) | 0.022% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 156 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 19,5 ± 1 m
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1967 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
α (α emission) | 1.2% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 157 |
g-factor | −0,274 ± 0,002
|
Halveringstid | 18,65 ± 0,1 m
|
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0,92 ± 0,01
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1966 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 158 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 2,29 ± 0,06 h
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1961 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 159 |
g-factor | −0,202 ± 0,0013333333333333
|
Halveringstid | 36 ± 1 m
|
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 1,17 ± 0,01
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1962 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 160 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 28,58 ± 0,09 h
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1954 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 161 |
g-factor | −0,24266666666667 ± 0,002
|
Halveringstid | 3,21 ± 0,03 h
|
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 1,363 ± 0,008
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1954 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | 0,139 ± 0,005
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 162 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1938 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
α (α emission) | % |
2β+ (double β+ decay) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 163 |
g-factor | 0,2224 ± 0,0016
|
Halveringstid | 75 ± 0,4 m
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 2,56 ± 0,02
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1953 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+) | 100% |
natural abundance | 1,601 ± 0,003
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 164 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1938 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
α (α emission) | % |
2β+ (double β+ decay) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 165 |
g-factor | 0,2564 ± 0,0016
|
Halveringstid | 10,36 ± 0,04 h
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 2,71 ± 0,03
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1950 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
ϵ (electron capture) | 100% |
natural abundance | 33,503 ± 0,036
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 166 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1934 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | 22,869 ± 0,009
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 167 |
g-factor | −0,16065714285714 ± 0,00011428571428571
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 3,57 ± 0,03
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1934 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | 26,978 ± 0,018
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 168 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1934 |
Paritet | + |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 169 |
g-factor | 0,9656 ± 0,0008
|
Halveringstid | 9,392 ± 0,018 d
|
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1956 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | 14,91 ± 0,036
|
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 170 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1934 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
2β− (double β− decay) | % |
α (α emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 171 |
g-factor | 0,2628 ± 0,004
|
Halveringstid | 7,516 ± 0,002 h
|
Spinn | 5/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 2,86 ± 0,09
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1938 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 172 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 49,3 ± 0,5 h
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1956 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 173 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 1,434 ± 0,017 m
|
Spinn | 7/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1972 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 174 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | 3,2 ± 0,2 m
|
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 1989 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 175 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | 1,2 ± 0,3 m
|
Spinn | 9/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 1996 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | 100% |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 176 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2012 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 177 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 1/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2012 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 178 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2012 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 179 |
g-factor | |
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 3/2 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | |
upptäcktsdatum | 2018 |
Paritet | - |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
natural abundance | Radioactive ☢️ |
---|---|
relative atomic mass | |
masstal | 180 |
g-factor | 0
|
Halveringstid | |
Spinn | 0 |
nuclear quadrupole moment | 0
|
upptäcktsdatum | 2018 |
Paritet | + |
decay mode | Intensitet |
---|---|
β− (β− decay) | % |
β− n (β−-delayed neutron emission) | % |
upptäckare eller uppfinnare | Carl Mosander |
---|---|
fyndplats | Sweden |
upptäcktsdatum | 1843 |
etymologi | Named after the Swedish town, Ytterby. |
uttal | UR-bi-em (engelska) |
1 | s | 1.3263 |
2 | p | 4.346 |
2 | s | 17.7984 |
3 | d | 13.6397 |
3 | p | 20.3891 |
3 | s | 20.9231 |
4 | d | 35.7288 |
4 | f | 40.0216 |
4 | p | 32.8908 |
4 | s | 31.768 |
5 | p | 50.528 |
5 | s | 48.282 |
6 | s | 59.5238 |