Raud (Fe)

chemical element with symbol Fe and atomic number 26

Atomic Number	26
Atomic Weight	55.845
massiarv	56

Group	8
Period	4
Block	d

prooton	26 p⁺
neutron	30 n⁰
elektron	26 e^-

Animated Bohri aatomiteooria of Fe (Raud)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Aatomiraadius	140 pm 237 pm
molaarruumala	7,1 cm³/mol
Covalent Radius	116 pm 109 pm 102 pm 140 pm 142 pm
Metallic Radius	117 pm 126 pm
ionic radius	63 pm 64 pm 61 pm 78 pm 92 pm 49 pm 58 pm 55 pm 64,5 pm 78 pm 58,5 pm 25 pm
Crystal Radius	77 pm 78 pm 75 pm 92 pm 106 pm 63 pm 72 pm 69 pm 78,5 pm 92 pm 72,5 pm 39 pm
Van der Waals radius	205 pm 204 pm 223 pm 291,2 pm
density	7,87 g/cm³ 6 980 kg/m³

Keemilised Omadused

{ERROR}

energia

proton affinity	754 kJ/mol
Elektronafiinsus	0,151 eV/particle
ionization energy	7,9024678 eV/particle 16,1992 eV/particle 30,651 eV/particle 54,91 eV/particle 75 eV/particle 98,985 eV/particle 125 eV/particle 151,06 eV/particle 233,6 eV/particle 262,1 eV/particle 290,9 eV/particle 330,81 eV/particle 361 eV/particle 392,2 eV/particle 456,2 eV/particle 489,312 eV/particle 1 262,7 eV/particle 1 357,8 eV/particle 1 460 eV/particle 1 575,6 eV/particle 1 687 eV/particle 1 798,43 eV/particle 1 950,4 eV/particle 2 045,759 eV/particle 8 828,1875 eV/particle 9 277,681 eV/particle

aurustumissoojus	340 kJ/mol
sulamissoojus	13,8 kJ/mol
standard enthalpy of formation	415,5 kJ/mol
elektron

elektronkiht	2, 8, 14, 2

valentselektron	2 ⓘ

elektronkonfiguratsioon	[Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²ⓘ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁶ 4s²

oksüdatsiooniaste	-4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
elektronegatiivsus	10,64 eV/particle 0.1392532 1.83
Electrophilicity Index	1,045904228706801 eV/particle
fundamental state of matter

phase of matter
gaseous state of matter
Boiling Point	3 134,15 K
Melting Point	1 811,15 K
critical pressure
critical temperature	9 340,15 K
kolmikpunkt
Välimus
värvus	Black #ffa500 #e06633 #e06633
Välimus	lustrous metallic with a grayish tinge
Murdumisnäitaja
thermodynamic material property
Thermal Conductivity	80,4 W/(m K)
soojuspaisumine	0,0000118 1/K
molar heat capacity	25,1 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity	0,449 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio
electrical properties
type	Conductor
Elektrijuhtivus	10 MS/m
Eritakistus	0,00000009700000000001 Ω*m
Ülijuhtivus
Magnetism
type	ferromagnetic
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Mass)
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Molar)
Magnetiline vastuvõtlikkus (Volume)
magnetic ordering
Curie punkt	1 043 K
Néel temperature
struktuur
Crystal Structure	{ERROR}
lattice constant	2,87 Å
Lattice Angles	π/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
kõvadus	490 MPa 4 MPa 608 MPa
Ruumpaisumismoodul	170 GPa
Nihkeelastsusmoodul	82 GPa
Normaalelastsusmoodul	211 GPa
Poissoni tegur	0,29
heli kiirus	4 910 m/s
Klassifitseerimine
Category	Actinides, Transition metals
CAS Group	VIIIA
IUPAC Group	VIII
Glawe Number	71
Mendeleev Number	59
Pettifor Number	61
Geochemical Class	major
Goldschmidt classification	siderophile

teine

Gas Basicity	731,1 kJ/mol
polarizability	62 ± 4 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient	482 a₀ 548 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section	2,56
Neutron Mass Absorption	0,0015
Kvantarv	5D4
space group	229 (Im_3m)

Isotopes of Iron

Stable Isotopes	3
Unstable Isotopes	29
Natural Isotopes	4

⁴⁵Fe

massiarv	45
neutron number	19
Relative Atomic Mass	45,015467 ± 0,000304 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	2,5 ± 0,2 ms
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1996
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2p (2-proton emission)	70%
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	30%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	18.9%
2p (2-proton emission)	7.8%

⁴⁶Fe

massiarv	46
neutron number	20
Relative Atomic Mass	46,001299 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	13 ± 2 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1992
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	78.7%
2p (2-proton emission)

⁴⁷Fe

massiarv	47
neutron number	21
Relative Atomic Mass	46,992346 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	21,9 ± 0,2 ms
spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1992
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	88.4%

⁴⁸Fe

massiarv	48
neutron number	22
Relative Atomic Mass	47,980667 ± 0,000099 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	45,3 ± 0,6 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1987
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	15.3%

⁴⁹Fe

massiarv	49
neutron number	23
Relative Atomic Mass	48,973429 ± 0,000026 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	64,7 ± 0,3 ms
spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1970
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	56.7%

⁵⁰Fe

massiarv	50
neutron number	24
Relative Atomic Mass	49,962988 ± 0,000009 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	152 ± 0,6 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1977
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%
β⁺ p (β⁺-delayed proton emission)	0%

⁵¹Fe

massiarv	51
neutron number	25
Relative Atomic Mass	50,956855137 ± 0,000001501 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	305,4 ± 2,3 ms
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1972
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵²Fe

massiarv	52
neutron number	26
Relative Atomic Mass	51,948113364 ± 0,000000192 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	8,275 ± 0,008 h
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1948
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵³Fe

massiarv	53
neutron number	27
Relative Atomic Mass	52,945305629 ± 0,000001792 Da
g-factor	−0,18571428571429 ± 0,0028571428571429
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	8,51 ± 0,02 m
spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1938
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁺ (β⁺ decay; β⁺ = ϵ + e⁺)	100%

⁵⁴Fe

massiarv	54
neutron number	28
Relative Atomic Mass	53,939608189 ± 0,000000368 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	5,845 ± 0,105
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1923
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
2β⁺ (double β⁺ decay)

⁵⁵Fe

massiarv	55
neutron number	29
Relative Atomic Mass	54,938291158 ± 0,00000033 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	2,7562 ± 0,0004 y
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1939
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
ϵ (electron capture)	100%

⁵⁶Fe

massiarv	56
neutron number	30
Relative Atomic Mass	55,934935537 ± 0,000000287 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	91,754 ± 0,106
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1923
parity	+

⁵⁷Fe

massiarv	57
neutron number	31
Relative Atomic Mass	56,93539195 ± 0,000000287 Da
g-factor
natural abundance	2,119 ± 0,029
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1935
parity	-

⁵⁸Fe

massiarv	58
neutron number	32
Relative Atomic Mass	57,933273575 ± 0,000000339 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance	0,282 ± 0,012
radioaktiivsus	Stabiilne isotoop
Poolestusaeg	Not Radioactive ☢️
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1935
parity	+

⁵⁹Fe

massiarv	59
neutron number	33
Relative Atomic Mass	58,934873492 ± 0,000000354 Da
g-factor	−0,22386666666667 ± 0,00026666666666667
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	44,5 ± 0,012 d
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1938
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁰Fe

massiarv	60
neutron number	34
Relative Atomic Mass	59,934070249 ± 0,000003656 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	2,62 ± 0,04 My
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1957
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶¹Fe

massiarv	61
neutron number	35
Relative Atomic Mass	60,936746241 ± 0,0000028 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	5,98 ± 0,06 m
spinn	3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1957
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶²Fe

massiarv	62
neutron number	36
Relative Atomic Mass	61,936791809 ± 0,000003 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	68 ± 2 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1975
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶³Fe

massiarv	63
neutron number	37
Relative Atomic Mass	62,940272698 ± 0,000004618 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	6,1 ± 0,6 s
spinn	5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1980
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁴Fe

massiarv	64
neutron number	38
Relative Atomic Mass	63,940987761 ± 0,000005386 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	2 ± 0,2 s
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1980
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%

⁶⁵Fe

massiarv	65
neutron number	39
Relative Atomic Mass	64,945015323 ± 0,000005487 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	805 ± 10 ms
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1980
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶⁶Fe

massiarv	66
neutron number	40
Relative Atomic Mass	65,946249958 ± 0,0000044 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	467 ± 29 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1985
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶⁷Fe

massiarv	67
neutron number	41
Relative Atomic Mass	66,95093 ± 0,0000041 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	394 ± 9 ms
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1985
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁶⁸Fe

massiarv	68
neutron number	42
Relative Atomic Mass	67,952875 ± 0,000207 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	188 ± 4 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1985
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)	0%

⁶⁹Fe

massiarv	69
neutron number	43
Relative Atomic Mass	68,957918 ± 0,000215 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	162 ± 7 ms
spinn	1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1992
parity	-

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁰Fe

massiarv	70
neutron number	44
Relative Atomic Mass	69,960397 ± 0,000322 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	61,4 ± 0,7 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)

⁷¹Fe

massiarv	71
neutron number	45
Relative Atomic Mass	70,965722 ± 0,000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	34,3 ± 2,6 ms
spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷²Fe

massiarv	72
neutron number	46
Relative Atomic Mass	71,968599 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	17 ± 1 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	1997
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷³Fe

massiarv	73
neutron number	47
Relative Atomic Mass	72,974246 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	12,9 ± 1,6 ms
spinn	7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁴Fe

massiarv	74
neutron number	48
Relative Atomic Mass	73,977821 ± 0,000537 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg	5 ± 5 ms
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2010
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)	100%
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁵Fe

massiarv	75
neutron number	49
Relative Atomic Mass	74,984219 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
avastamise aeg	2013
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)
β⁻ n (β⁻-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

⁷⁶Fe

massiarv	76
neutron number	50
Relative Atomic Mass	75,988631 ± 0,000644 Da
g-factor	0
natural abundance
radioaktiivsus	☢️ radioactive element
Poolestusaeg
spinn	0
nuclear quadrupole moment	0
avastamise aeg	2017
parity	+

decay mode	Intensiivsus
β⁻ (β⁻ decay)

ajalugu

leiutaja või avastaja	Known to the ancients.
location of discovery
avastamise aeg
etümoloogia	Anglo-Saxon: iron; symbol from Latin: ferrum (iron).
pronunciation	EYE-ern (inglise)

allikas

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust	56 300 mg/kg
natural abundance (ookean)	0,002 mg/L
natural abundance (Inimkeha)	0,006 %
natural abundance (meteoorkeha)	22 %
natural abundance (Päike)	0,1 %
Abundance in Universe	0,11 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1	s	0.619
2	p	3.9112
2	s	7.401
3	d	14.8202
3	p	13.2221
3	s	12.3239
4	s	20.566

Raud on ChemicalAid

Raud (Fe)

Füüsikalised Omadused

Keemilised Omadused

teine

Isotopes of Iron

45Fe

46Fe

47Fe

48Fe

49Fe

50Fe

51Fe

52Fe

53Fe

54Fe

55Fe

56Fe

57Fe

58Fe

59Fe

60Fe

61Fe

62Fe

63Fe

64Fe

65Fe

66Fe

67Fe

68Fe

69Fe

70Fe

71Fe

72Fe

73Fe

74Fe

75Fe

76Fe

ajalugu

allikas

Nuclear Screening Constants

⁴⁵Fe

⁴⁶Fe

⁴⁷Fe

⁴⁸Fe

⁴⁹Fe

⁵⁰Fe

⁵¹Fe

⁵²Fe

⁵³Fe

⁵⁴Fe

⁵⁵Fe

⁵⁶Fe

⁵⁷Fe

⁵⁸Fe

⁵⁹Fe

⁶⁰Fe

⁶¹Fe

⁶²Fe

⁶³Fe

⁶⁴Fe

⁶⁵Fe

⁶⁶Fe

⁶⁷Fe

⁶⁸Fe

⁶⁹Fe

⁷⁰Fe

⁷¹Fe

⁷²Fe

⁷³Fe

⁷⁴Fe

⁷⁵Fe

⁷⁶Fe