Kripton

Kripton (Kr)

chemical element with symbol Kr and atomic number 36; rare gas
Atomic Number36
Atomic Weight83.798
Nombor jisim84
Group18
Period4
Blockp
proton36 p+
neutron48 n0
Elektron36 e-
Animated Model Bohr of Kr (Kripton)

Sifat Fizikal

Jejari Atom
molar volume
Jejari kovalen
117 pm
Metallic Radius
ionic radius
Crystal Radius
Jejari van der Waals
202 pm
ketumpatan
0.003425 g/cm³

Sifat Kimia

tenaga
proton affinity
424.6 kJ/mol
Pertalian elektron
ionization energy
13.9996049 eV/particle
ionization energy of Kr (Kripton)
Entalpi pengewapan
9.05 kJ/mol
entalpi pelakuran
standard enthalpy of formation
Elektron
Petala elektron2, 8, 18, 8
Model Bohr: Kr (Kripton)
Elektron valens8
Teori ion Lewis: Kr (Kripton)
tatarajah elektron[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6
Enhanced Model Bohr of Kr (Kripton)
Orbital Diagram of Kr (Kripton)
Keadaan pengoksidaan0, 1, 2
Keelektronegatifan
Electrophilicity Index
keadaan jirim asas
fasa jirimGas
gaseous state of matterMonoatomic
Boiling Point
119.735 K
Melting Point
115.78 K
critical pressure
5.525 MPa
critical temperature
209.48 K
triple point
115.775 K
73.53 kPa
rupa
warna
Colorless
rupacolorless gas, exhibiting a whitish glow in a high electric field
indeks biasan
1.000427
sifat bahan
Thermal Conductivity
0.0095 W/(m K)
Pengembangan terma
molar heat capacity
20.786 J/(mol K)
Specific Heat Capacity
0.248 J/(g⋅K)
heat capacity ratio5/3
electrical properties
type
Kekonduksian elektrik
Kerintangan dan kekonduksian elektrik
Kesuperkonduksian
kemagnetan
typediamagnetic
magnetic susceptibility (Mass)
-0.0000000044 m³/Kg
magnetic susceptibility (Molar)
-0.000000000369 m³/mol
magnetic susceptibility (Volume)
-0.0000000165
magnetic ordering
Suhu Curie
Néel temperature
struktur
Crystal StructureFace Centered Cubic (FCC)
lattice constant
5.72 Å
Lattice Anglesπ/2, π/2, π/2
mechanical property
hardness
Modulus pukal
shear modulus
Young's modulus
Nisbah Poisson
Kelajuan bunyi
1,120 m/s
pengelasan
CategoryNoble gases, Noble gases
CAS GroupVIII
IUPAC GroupVIIIA
Glawe Number4
Mendeleev Number115
Pettifor Number4
Geochemical Classvolatile
Goldschmidt classificationatmophile

other

Gas Basicity
402.4 kJ/mol
polarizability
16.78 ± 0.02 a₀
C6 Dispersion Coefficient
130 a₀
allotrope
Neutron cross section
25
Neutron Mass Absorption
0.013
Nombor kuantum1S0
space group225 (Fm_3m)

Isotopes of Krypton

Stable Isotopes4
Unstable Isotopes31
Natural Isotopes6
Isotopic Composition8456.99%8456.99%8617.28%8617.28%8211.59%8211.59%8311.50%8311.50%802.29%802.29%780.36%780.36%

67Kr

Nombor jisim67
nombor neutron31
jisim atom relatif
66.983305 ± 0.000455 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
7.4 ± 2.9 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2016
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
2p (2-proton emission)37%
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)

68Kr

Nombor jisim68
nombor neutron32
jisim atom relatif
67.972489 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
21.6 ± 3.3 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan2016
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)90%
p (proton emission)

69Kr

Nombor jisim69
nombor neutron33
jisim atom relatif
68.965496 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
27.9 ± 0.8 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1995
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)94%

70Kr

Nombor jisim70
nombor neutron34
jisim atom relatif
69.955877 ± 0.000215 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
45 ± 0.14 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1995
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)1.3%

71Kr

Nombor jisim71
nombor neutron35
jisim atom relatif
70.950265695 ± 0.000138238 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
98.8 ± 0.3 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1981
parity

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)2.1%

72Kr

Nombor jisim72
nombor neutron36
jisim atom relatif
71.942092406 ± 0.0000086 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
17.16 ± 0.18 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1973
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

73Kr

Nombor jisim73
nombor neutron37
jisim atom relatif
72.939289193 ± 0.000007061 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
27.3 ± 1 s
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1972
parity

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%
β+ p (β+-delayed proton emission)0.25%

74Kr

Nombor jisim74
nombor neutron38
jisim atom relatif
73.933084016 ± 0.000002161 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
11.5 ± 0.11 m
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1960
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

75Kr

Nombor jisim75
nombor neutron39
jisim atom relatif
74.930945744 ± 0.0000087 Da
g-factor
-0.2124 ± 0.0016
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
4.6 ± 0.07 m
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
1.137 ± 0.013
tarikh penemuan1960
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

76Kr

Nombor jisim76
nombor neutron40
jisim atom relatif
75.925910743 ± 0.000004308 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
14.8 ± 0.1 h
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1954
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

77Kr

Nombor jisim77
nombor neutron41
jisim atom relatif
76.924669999 ± 0.0000021 Da
g-factor
-0.2332 ± 0.0012
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
72.6 ± 0.9 m
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.948 ± 0.01
tarikh penemuan1948
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

78Kr

Nombor jisim78
nombor neutron42
jisim atom relatif
77.920366341 ± 0.000000329 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
0.355 ± 0.003
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1920
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
+ (double β+ decay)

79Kr

Nombor jisim79
nombor neutron43
jisim atom relatif
78.920082919 ± 0.000003736 Da
g-factor
1.072 ± 0.004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
35.04 ± 0.1 h
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1948
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β+ (β+ decay; β+ = ϵ + e+)100%

80Kr

Nombor jisim80
nombor neutron44
jisim atom relatif
79.91637794 ± 0.000000745 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
2.286 ± 0.01
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1920
parity+

81Kr

Nombor jisim81
nombor neutron45
jisim atom relatif
80.916589703 ± 0.000001152 Da
g-factor
-0.25914285714286 ± 0.00057142857142857
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
229 ± 11 ky
Spin7/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.644 ± 0.004
tarikh penemuan1950
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
ϵ (electron capture)100%

82Kr

Nombor jisim82
nombor neutron46
jisim atom relatif
81.91348115368 ± 0.00000000591 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
11.593 ± 0.031
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1920
parity+

83Kr

Nombor jisim83
nombor neutron47
jisim atom relatif
82.914126516 ± 0.000000009 Da
g-factor
-0.21571777777778 ± 0.00000066666666666667
natural abundance
11.5 ± 0.019
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.259 ± 0.001
tarikh penemuan1920
parity+

84Kr

Nombor jisim84
nombor neutron48
jisim atom relatif
83.91149772708 ± 0.0000000041 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
56.987 ± 0.015
Reputan radioaktifIsotop stabil
setengah hayatNot Radioactive ☢️
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1920
parity+

85Kr

Nombor jisim85
nombor neutron49
jisim atom relatif
84.91252726 ± 0.000002147 Da
g-factor
-0.22344444444444 ± 0.000088888888888889
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
10.728 ± 0.007 y
Spin9/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.443 ± 0.003
tarikh penemuan1940
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

86Kr

Nombor jisim86
nombor neutron50
jisim atom relatif
85.91061062468 ± 0.00000000399 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
17.279 ± 0.041
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1920
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
(double β decay)

87Kr

Nombor jisim87
nombor neutron51
jisim atom relatif
86.913354759 ± 0.000000264 Da
g-factor
-0.4088 ± 0.0008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
76.3 ± 0.5 m
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
-0.3 ± 0.003
tarikh penemuan1940
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

88Kr

Nombor jisim88
nombor neutron52
jisim atom relatif
87.914447879 ± 0.0000028 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
2.825 ± 0.019 h
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1939
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

89Kr

Nombor jisim89
nombor neutron53
jisim atom relatif
88.917835449 ± 0.0000023 Da
g-factor
-0.22 ± 0.002
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
3.15 ± 0.04 m
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.166 ± 0.002
tarikh penemuan1940
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

90Kr

Nombor jisim90
nombor neutron54
jisim atom relatif
89.919527929 ± 0.000002 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
32.32 ± 0.09 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1951
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%

91Kr

Nombor jisim91
nombor neutron55
jisim atom relatif
90.923806309 ± 0.0000024 Da
g-factor
-0.2332 ± 0.0008
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
8.57 ± 0.04 s
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0.303 ± 0.006
tarikh penemuan1951
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)

92Kr

Nombor jisim92
nombor neutron56
jisim atom relatif
91.926173092 ± 0.0000029 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.84 ± 0.008 s
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1951
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)0.0332%

93Kr

Nombor jisim93
nombor neutron57
jisim atom relatif
92.931147172 ± 0.0000027 Da
g-factor
-0.826 ± 0.004
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
1.287 ± 0.01 s
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1951
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)1.95%

94Kr

Nombor jisim94
nombor neutron58
jisim atom relatif
93.934140452 ± 0.000013 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
212 ± 4 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1972
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)1.11%

95Kr

Nombor jisim95
nombor neutron59
jisim atom relatif
94.939710922 ± 0.00002 Da
g-factor
-0.82 ± 0.006
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
114 ± 3 ms
Spin1/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1994
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)2.87%
2n (2-neutron emission)

96Kr

Nombor jisim96
nombor neutron60
jisim atom relatif
95.943014473 ± 0.000020695 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
80 ± 8 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1994
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)3.7%

97Kr

Nombor jisim97
nombor neutron61
jisim atom relatif
96.949088782 ± 0.00014 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
62.2 ± 3.2 ms
Spin3/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)6.7%
2n (2-neutron emission)

98Kr

Nombor jisim98
nombor neutron62
jisim atom relatif
97.952635 ± 0.000322 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
42.8 ± 3.6 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)7%
2n (2-neutron emission)

99Kr

Nombor jisim99
nombor neutron63
jisim atom relatif
98.958776 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
40 ± 11 ms
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan1997
parity-

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)11%
2n (2-neutron emission)

100Kr

Nombor jisim100
nombor neutron64
jisim atom relatif
99.962995 ± 0.000429 Da
g-factor
0
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
12 ± 8 ms
Spin0
nuclear quadrupole moment
0
tarikh penemuan1997
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)100%
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)

101Kr

Nombor jisim101
nombor neutron65
jisim atom relatif
100.969318 ± 0.000537 Da
g-factor
natural abundance
Reputan radioaktif☢️ radioactive element
setengah hayat
Spin5/2
nuclear quadrupole moment
tarikh penemuan2010
parity+

decay modeKeamatan (fizik)
β (β decay)
β n (β-delayed neutron emission)
2n (2-neutron emission)
Krypton discharge tube

sejarah

penemu atau perekaSir William Ramsey, M.W. Travers
tempat penemuanGreat Britain
tarikh penemuan1898
EtimologiGreek: kryptos (hidden).
sebutanKRIP-ton (Inggeris)

sumber

Abundance
Abundance in Earth's crust
0.0001 mg/kg
natural abundance (lautan)
0.00021 mg/L
natural abundance (Tubuh manusia)
natural abundance (Meteoroid)
natural abundance (Matahari)
Abundance in Universe
0.000004 %

Nuclear Screening Constants

1s0.7684
2p3.953
2s9.602
3d15.3741
3p15.5658
3s14.9673
4p26.2308
4s24.6844